Geospatial Analysis: A Comprehensive Guide to Principles, Techniques and Software ToolsTroubador Publishing Ltd, 2007 - Počet stran: 394 This Guide addresses the full spectrum of analytical techniques that are provided within modern Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and related geospatial software products. It is broad in its treatment of concepts and methods and representative in terms of the software that people actually use. Topics covered include: . the principal concepts of geospatial analysis, their origins and methodological context . core components of geospatial analysis, including distance and directional analysis, geometrical processing, map algebra, and grid models . basic methods of exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and spatial statistics, including spatial autocorrelation and spatial regression . surface analysis, including surface form analysis, gridding and interpolation methods . network and locational analysis, including shortest path calculation, travelling salesman problems, facility location and arc routing. The Guide has been designed for everyone involved in geospatial analysis, from undergraduate and postgraduate to professional analyst, software engineer and GIS practitioner. It builds upon the spatial analysis topics included in the US National Research Council 'Beyond Mapping' agenda, the UK 'Spatial Literacy in Teaching' programme, the NCGIA Core Curriculum and the UCGIS Body of Knowledge. As such it provides a valuable reference guide and accompaniment to courses built around these programmes. |
Obsah
Software | 7 |
5 | 21 |
Conceptual Frameworks for Spatial | 33 |
Figure 21 An example map showing points lines and areas appropriately symbolised | 37 |
3 | 41 |
Figure 23 Three alternative ways of defining neighbourhood using simple GIS functions | 43 |
Geoportals | 50 |
Figure 31 The components of a | 51 |
Figure 515 Lung cancer incidence | 209 |
Figure 518 Join count Figure 519 Join count computation | 218 |
Figure 524 Moran I covariance cloud lag 1 | 224 |
Figure 66 First second and third order mathematical surfaces | 256 |
Figure 614 Profile of NS transect | 264 |
Profile curvature | 269 |
Figure 617 Path smoothing vertical | 270 |
Figure 620 3D Urban radio wave propagation modelling using Cellular Expert and ArcGIS | 276 |
Figure 34 PPDAC as an iterative process | 58 |
1 | 65 |
Figure 41 Area calculation using Simpsons rule | 71 |
Figure 62 Pentland Hills test surface OS Figure 63 Linear regression surface fit to NT04 spot heights | 76 |
Figure 44 Smoothing techniques | 78 |
Figure 410 Point in polygon tests and special cases | 85 |
Figure 413 Areal interpolation from census areas to a single grid cell Figure 414 Proportionally assigned population | 93 |
Figure 418 AZP applied to part of Manchester | 99 |
Figure 420 Convex hull of sample point | 106 |
Figure 425 Voronoi regions generated in ArcGIS | 116 |
Figure 429 Normalisation within ArcGIS | 124 |
Spatial selection and spatial queries | 126 |
4 | 137 |
Figure 441 Great circle and constant bearing paths Boston | 139 |
Figure 449 Urban traffic | 147 |
5 | 153 |
Figure 458 Directional analysis of streams | 160 |
Figure 463 Dilation and erosion operations | 171 |
5 | 173 |
Figure 52 Grid sampling examples within hexagonal grid 1 hectare | 177 |
Point object in polygon PIP Polygon decomposition | 182 |
Figure 55 Histogram linkage Figure 56 Simple box Figure 57 Mapped box Figure 58 Conditional Choropleth mapping | 193 |
Figure 512 Nearest Neighbour | 203 |
Line of sight | 277 |
Figure 626 Flow direction and accumulation | 282 |
Figure 629 Contour plots for alternative interpolation methods generated with Surfer 8 | 288 |
6 | 293 |
Figure 632 IDW as surface | 294 |
Figure 636 CloughTocher TIN interpolation | 301 |
7 | 304 |
Figure 637 Sample Figure 638 Sill range and Figure 639 Data transformation for Figure 640 Indicator variograms | 308 |
Figure 642 Variogram models | 315 |
Network and location analysis | 325 |
3 | 337 |
Figure 643 Fractal analysis of TQ81NE Figure 644 Ordinary Kriging of untransformed zinc dataset Figure 645 Conditional simulation of untransfor... | 340 |
Figure 74 Steiner MST construction Figure 75 Dantzig shortest path algorithm Figure 76 Salt Lake City Sample networking problems and solutions | 348 |
Figure 78 Heuristic solution and dual circuit TSP examples Figure 79 Tanker delivery tours Figure 710 Optimum facility location on a network LOL... | 349 |
Travel time zones | 360 |
References | 367 |
Overlay and combination operations | 371 |
Web links Principal software products cited | 377 |
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386 | |
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Další vydání - Zobrazit všechny
Geospatial Analysis: A Comprehensive Guide to Principles, Techniques and ... Michael John De Smith,Michael F. Goodchild,Paul Longley Náhled není k dispozici. - 2007 |
Geospatial Analysis: A Comprehensive Guide to Principles, Techniques and ... Michael J. De Smith,Michael F. Goodchild,Paul A. Longley Náhled není k dispozici. - 2007 |
Běžně se vyskytující výrazy a sousloví
algorithm and/or applied ArcGIS assigned attribute average boundary box plot buffer calculation centre centroid classification clustering components computed constraints contour convex hull cost Crimestat curvature data points dataset defined Delaunay triangulation density direction distance distance bands distance transform distribution edge estimated Euclidean Euclidean distance example facilities Figure function geostatistical GIS packages graph grid cell heuristic Idrisi implemented Index input interpolation involves kernel Kriging landscape Landserf linear matrix mean measures methods metrics neighbour neighbourhood nodes observed operations optimal option parameters patch pattern plots point set polygon polylines problems procedure random range raster region regression result routing sample selected semivariance shortest path similar simple smoothing software packages solution spatial analysis spatial autocorrelation spatial data specific statistical subsection surface techniques TNTMips triangle typically utilise values variable variation variogram vector vertex vertices Voronoi Voronoi polygons weights whilst Xpress-MP zones
Oblíbené pasáže
Strana 374 - Milne, BT 1991. Lessons from applying fractal models to landscape patterns. Pp. 199-235 in MG Turner, and RH Gardner, editors.
Strana 376 - Whitcomb, RF, CS Robbins, JF Lynch, BL Whitcomb, MK Klimkiewicz, and D. Bystrak. 1981. Effects of forest fragmentation on avifauna of the eastern deciduous forest. Pages 125-205 in RL Burgess and DM Sharpe (editors), Forest island dynamics in man-dominated landscapes. Springer-Verlag, New York. White, RH 1998.