able, and the system under review will commend itself to the practical mind because of the comparative economy in initial capital outlay with which it may be installed, the small amount of driving power required to operate it, its absence of noise when working, and the reduction of expense for its maintenance as compared with some other systems. When run at the most suitable speeds with which wet wood pulp can ordinarily be handled, Messrs. Gibbons Brothers, Limited, find that with a 12-inch conveyor band from 20 to 25 tons of pulp can be dealt with per hour, with an 18-inch band from 30 to 35 tons, with a 24-inch band 40 to 45 tons, and with a 30-inch band from 5 to 55-broadly a graduation of from five to ten tons per additional six inches of band-width per hour, reckoning 57 cubic inches of wet wood pulp as representing a pound weight of that material. These figures, together with the few details we have given, will enable papermakers, who are as yet unfamiliar with the system, to gauge how far it comes within the range of practical application to the requirements of their mills. On the economical advantages of the installation at Snodland Paper Mills we hope to make further reference at an early date.

Chapters on Papermaking.'

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We welcome Volume II. of "Chapters on Papermaking," by Mr. Clayton Beadle. As in Volume I., a fund of information is presented to paper mill workers, and those ambitious to succeed to responsible positions will find a study of the contents extremely profitable. The book mainly consists of a reprint of the author's answers to the questions set by the City and Guilds of London Institute, which appeared in our contemporary, Paper and Pulp. The papermaker is occasionally confronted with diffi culties in his daily occupation, and therefore we are sure he will appreciate the opportunity of being able to turn to a reliable source for knowledge such as "Chapters on Papermaking" afford. The book is divided into thirteen chapters, the first dealing with technical education as applied to papermaking, a subject to which the author has given considerable thought. He touches upon the relative importance of chemistry and engineering, papermaking as a profession, and the relation of the chemist to papermaking. The duties of a works chemist are briefly set forth, and some interesting views given on technical educa tion from the workmen's point of view. Chapter II. is devoted to the use of specially prepared size in dry sheets for paper sizing. Chapters III. to VII. comprise the questions set at City and Guilds of London Institute's examinations for 1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, and 1905, the answers to the Ordinary grade and Honours grade in each year forming the remaining chapters. The correspondence which the answers elicited is also published.

The wide range of subjects treated in the answers must prove invaluable to the students contemplating entering for the examinations, and, in fact, the book will afford profitable reading to all holding_responsible positions in paper mills. The copious index makes it clear that "Chapters on Papermaking," whilst instructive and suggestive, furnish an important work of reference, and a great acquisition to the practical papermaker as well as a guide to the student of technology. The book, issued at five shillings net, may be obtained at the publishing offices of the World's Paper Trade Review, 58, Shoe-lane, E.C.

Exports of British Paper.

THE following returns show the exports of British paper for the week ended Saturday::

From London.

PRINTINGS.-To Australia, 1,435 cwts.; Africa, 1,317 cwts.; Argentine, 5 cwts.; Belgium, 264 cwts. ; B. Guiana, 26 cwts.; Cape, 268 cwts.; China, 211 cwts.; Egypt, 18 cwts.; France, 682 cwts.; Germany, 23 cwts.; Holland, 260 cwts.; Italy, 64 cwts.; India, 619 cwts.; Japan, 1,051 cwts.; New Zealand, 752 bales; Spain, 10 bales; Sweden, 62 bales; S. Settlements, 5 cwts.; United States, 53 cwts.; W. Indies, 20 cwts.

WRITINGS. To Australia, 578 cwts. ; Africa, 142 cwts.; Cape, 83 cwts.; China, 36 cwts.; Egypt, 8 cwts.; France, 134 cwts. ; Germany, 7 cwts.; Italy, 41 cwts.; India, 203 cwts.; Japan, 32 cwts.; New Zealand, 528 Portugal, 40 cwts.; Sweden, 9 cwts.; S. Settlements, 10 cwts.; Turkey, 3 cwts. ; United States, 150 cwts.; W. Indies, 25 cwts.

OTHER KINDS.-To Australia, 254 cwts. ; Africa, 211 cwts.; Argentine, 48 cwts. ; Belgium, 60 cwts.; B. Guiana, 23 cwts.; Cape, 511 cwts.; Canada, 8 cwts.; China, 88 cwts.; Channel Isles, 15 cwts.; Egypt, 31 cwts.; France, 39 cwts. ; Germany, 50 cwts. ; Holland, 38 cwts.; Italy, 41 cwts.; India, 352 cwts.; Japan, 45 cwts.; New Zealand, 592 cwts.; Portugal, 142 cwts.; Russia, 38 cwts.; Spain, 32 cwts.; United States, 36 cwts.; W. Indies, 4 cwts.

From Glasgow.

PRINTINGS.-To Argentine, 54 cwts.; Australia, 280 cwts.; Canada, 392 cwts.; Chili, 546 cwts.: India, 351 cwts.; New Zealand, 530 cwts.; S. Settlements, 26 cwts.

WRITINGS.-To Australia, 30 cwts.; B. Columbia, 4 cwts.; Canada, 22 cwts.; India, 153 cwts.; New Zealand, 30 cwts.; S. Settlements, 127 cwts.

OTHER KINDS.-To Chile, 21 cwts.; Germany, 34 cwts.; Holland, 2 cwts.

THE Black-Clawson Co., Hamilton, Ohio, recently shipped a complete five-cylinder 90inch board machine to the Tokai Straw Board Co., Japan.

THE General Election still maintains its position as easily first favourite amongst current topics of conversation in business as well as political circles, but, with the most important and absorbing of the electoral contests over, the excitement has considerably abated. Certainly the Election has been a most surprising one-remarkable from every point of view, and in some respects, doubtless, epoch-making. Whatever else it may leave uncertain, it certainly makes plain unto all men that Tariff Reform, so far as that signifies the adoption of Protection all round as our national fiscal policy, is dead, if not for all time, at all events for probably the best part of another generation. The nation was asked to give its mandate on the subject of Free Trade v. Protection, and, be its answer right or wrong, wise or unwise, it has given it with no uncertain voice. 录 * *

BUT probably the most remarkable and portentous result of the Election has been the political ascendancy which Labour and Socialism-especially the former-have been able to assert for themselves. Organised Labour now reckons itself a power in the State, and a power, too, that means to make itself felt. One of the Labour leaders has declared that after the next General Election the Labour party will dominate the House. There is nothing like looking well ahead, and the Labour Party, flushed with victory at the polls, is anticipating on triple expansion principles. But the next General Election must for sometime remain, in the very nature of things, a long way off, and in the meantime much water will flow past the Houses of Parliament. I need not be accused of expressing a party-political view when I express myself as sympathising personally with much that finds a place in the Labour programme, but, knowing both the weakness and the strength of Labour movements and aspirations, I should be sorry to see the Labour Party dominate the Houseyet awhile.

MUCH-in fact almost all--depends upon the attitude of the other Parties towards Labour and the Labour Party. If the last mentioned receives anything like fair treatment and fair play, there need be no serious trouble ahead. The majority of the Labour leaders have their heads screwed on the right way, and know very well that any deliberate departure from constitutional procedure in emphasising their legitimate aims would alienate their most cordial sympathisers in the other Parties, and would

consequently prove more or less suicidal to their aspirations and ambitions. The real Labour leaders are not the mere pothouse orators or street-corner spouters that some ignorant or unscrupulous persons describe them as being. They are, most of themmen of pronounced natural ability, education -self-education largely, perhaps, but all the more intrinsically real on that accountand executive and administrative capacity, and they would be devoid of the most rudimentary human instincts if they did not assert the strength, the faith and convictions that they possess. If the Labour Party becomes a danger to the State it will be more the fault of the other Parties than of its *

own.

STRICTLY paper trade interests will not, after all, be very strongly represented in the new House of Commons, even if all of those-not a very numerous all-connected with the trade, who have yet to undergo the ordeal of the polls, succeed in getting there. I am, from force of circumstances, writing these notes early in the week, and many little things may take place between the time of writing and the delivery of this issue into the hands of readers. But taking things as I find them at the moment of writing, Paper interests, as apart from those of Print and the other allied trades, which are together somewhat strongly in evidence, will be weak so far as numerical representation is concerned. As mentioned in a leaderette in last week's Review the paper trade men include Mr. Duncan Vernon Pirie, Sir Benjamin Stone, Mr. Albert Spicer, and Mr. J. W. Cleland. The last named gentleman, who will sit for the Bridgeton Division of Glasgow, is associated with paper trade interests by birth and family association rather than by commercial connection. Mr. A. Mond, so far, has gained his seat from amongst the chemical trade candidates, and others have yet to poll.

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PAPER trade interests would have benefited materially by the presence of Mr. Albert E. Reed in the House, but the majority of the electors of Wandsworth took another view, and so Mr. Reed, like Mr. W. H. Reed, remain for the present outside the House of Commons. A similar fate has befallen Mr. Joynson Hicks, the solicitor to the Papermakers' Association, who opposed Mr. Winston Churchill at North-west Manchester. I am sorry; but it is what one has to expect in playing the game of politics.

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Advertiser attained its centenary, and in September next the Brighton Herald will also reach its 100th year, a similar anniversary being recorded in the case of the Aberdeen Weekly Free Press. Furthermore, the Quarterly Review attains its centenary during the present year. To go a step further, amongst the several Diamond Jubilees," or 60th Anniversaries, which occur during the year may be mentioned those of the Daily News, and of that worthy old church paper, the Guardian, both of which occurred-to be precise in the matter of date-on Sunday last, the 21st inst. The Derbyshire Advertiser also attains its 60th Anniversary this month; as do also the Rugby Advertiser, in March; the Poole, Parkstone and East Dorset Herald, in April; the Nottingham Guardian and the Leith Herald in May; and the West Meath Independent in June. The County Courts Chronicle and the Gazette of Fashion are amongst the miscellaneous journals which celebrate their "Diamond Jubilees" in the course of the year.

IN the matter of "Golden Jubilees" or 50th Anniversaries, the list is a considerably longer one. It commenced with that of the Engineer-one of our most valuable trade and scientific journals, which, however, seems to adhere to methods which are somewhat out of date, and would bear bringing abreast of these progressive engineering times with advantage-which took place early in the present month. Numerous substantial provincial newspaper properties also celebrate their 50th Anniversaries during the present year. Amongst these may be mentioned the Beverley Guardian, whose jubilee took place the other day; the Gravesend and Dartford Reporter, whose Jubilee takes place next month; the Rochdale Observer and the Enniscorthy News, both of which celebrates theirs next month; that of the Leitrim Advertiser, which takes place in June; the West Middlesex Advertiser; and those of the Lymington and South Hants Chronicle; and the Strathearn Herald, of Crieff, which will be celebrated in November next.

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This is also the jubilee year of the Stockton and Thornaby Herald, the Tunbridge Wells Standard, the Walsall Observer, the Wigton Advertiser, the Worthing Ob. server, the South Bucks Free Press, of High Wycombe, the East of Fife Record, of Anstruther, the Hamilton Advertiser, the Peterhead Sentinel, the Eastbourne Chronicle, the Brighton Observer, the Cornish Times, of Liskeard, and a few others. The class papers which also attain their 50 years of publication include the Shipping Gazette, the Builder's Reporter and the Insurance Gazette. The jubilee also occurs of the Islington Gazette, one of the most venerable of the London surburban journals, which is now practically a daily paper, being published on each day in the week except Saturday.

COMING down the scale of age a little further, I find that quite a large number of newspapers and periodicals this year attain their "Silver Jubilees," or 25th Anniversaries. The list is too long for inclusion here, but amongst the journals which attain this important stage in their maturity this year may be mentioned the Barrow News, which celebrated its "Silver Jubilee" the other day, the Pontypridd Chronicle, the Southern Chronicle, and the Mid Sussex Times, of Hayward's Heath, which occur during the present month; the Enniscorthy Guardian, and the Kent and Sussex Post, of Hawkhurst, which take place in March; the Sussex and Surrey Courier in April; and the Denbighshire Free Press in May. Amongst others may be mentioned the Midland Tribune, the Newcastle Guardian, the Peterborough Express, the Banffshire Advertiser; several London suburban journals; and half-a-dozen trade papers, amongst which last may be mentioned the Grocer's Gazette, the Oil and Colourman's Journal, and Tobacco.

AMONGST other interesting journalistic anniversaries, besides those already mentioned, which occur this year, it may be said that the Financier and Bullionist has just attained, in its present form as a daily newspaper, the 40th anniversary of the first of the two separate publications still embraced within its title, and of which it is the lineal descendant. Engineering has also during the present month attained its 40th anniversary, as also does later in the year the Iron and Coal Trades Review. Various substantial provincial newspaper properties also reach their 70th anniversaries during the year, while two attain their 80th, and two more their 90th, years respectively.

IN this connection it is interesting to speculate upon the importance to the paper trade of this country of the paper consumption represented by the long-continued publication of the large number of newspapers and periodicals which this year attain epoch-marking stages in their several existences. The paper, too, that is now utilised by them is very different in character, and ordinarily in composition, from that which was employed by them fifty or sixty years ago. In this particular some interesting studies and comparisons can be made in the newspaper department of the British Museum Library, and, on the whole, it cannot, I am afraid, be said these "speak volumes" as to the general high quality of the paper now in common use for newspaper purposes.

INDEED one need hardly trouble to go to the British Museum to obtain evidence of this. Those of my readers who happen to have in their possession copies of fifty, sixty or seventy-year old newspapers, and also those dating back only for a matter of a score or so of years, can see at a glance the sort of stuff of which the paper used in the (Continued on page 10.)