Paper: its History and Manufacture. J. H. Tie- Paper and Straw Pulp. Paper Trade Rep., Jan. Photo-Mechanical Printing Processes. Anthony's Photography in the Printing Press. (From "Pho- Printing Trade (The) in 1872. Press News, Jan. 15. Rep., Jan. 22. Trade-Winds. Am. Bookseller's Guide, Jan. NOVELTIES. BINKO'S NEW PATENT OPTICAL DRAWING APPARATUS.-By means of an optical square glass plate, placed vertically across a drawing board, in such a manner as to allow the rays of light to fall on the left side of the glass, a clear reflection is given of the picture, which can then be drawn with perfect ease and faithfulness by any child or adult, without any previous knowledge, but attention to the rules and explanations. To the youth of both sexes, the apparatus will prove an inexhaustible fund of instructive amusement. In offices where exact copies of articles are required, or whereyer imitations of designs are needed, or engravings to be multiplied, the acquisition of this apparatus will become indispensable. Instructions accompany the article.-Perry's Illus. Price Current. PERRY & Co.'s NEW ADVERTISING LETTER.— if this cannot be done, you may place a piece of paper on the face and coat this with the fluid, and the drawing will be fixed. After the first coatings are quite dry (which generally takes about twenty minutes) the face of the drawing may again be gone over without any further precautions, these being only adapted with drawings which might rub out. Paper coated with this parchment fluid, besides having the valuable quality of being impervious to damp or water of any kind, can also be washed with soap and water, and paper coated two or three times can be used for memorandum books, for writing on with pencil, and rubbing off again with a little moisture. This same fiuid would be an admirable substitute for varnishing show cards, tickets, etc., doing away with the varnish which is generally employed for that purpose. WOOD ENGRAVING.-It is said that the steam sand-jet has been applied to wood-engraving, the decoration of marble and the cleaning of brass castings. To engrave upon wood with the sand-blast it is necessary to photograph the object to be reproduced upon the prepared surface of the block, and this being exposed to the blast with certain precautions, is engraved in a few minutes. It is stated that specimen engravings are soon to be published, which will afford the public an opportunity of comparing the work done by the sand-jet with handwork. If the claims of those interested in the process are well founded, the introduction of the new system will greatly reduce the cost of wood engraving, and perhaps compel our engravers to take more pains with their work. The process cannot compete with hand-work in certain directions, and while it may at first glance threaten to encroach upon the interest of the engravers, it will very likely prove to be to their advantage in the end. THE CHROMATOGRAPH is the name given to a method of ascertaining, by means of a "Spectrum Table," the contrasts, harmonies, and combinations of colors. It is the invention of Mr. C. C. Ben son, and, by the simplest form of calculation, imchromatograph is nothing more than a small sheet parts the knowledge it assumes to teach. The of folded cardboard, on which are printed the table and the necessary instructions for using it. ENGRAVING BY ELECTRICITY.-The efforts which In a commercial nation where the motto prevails"There is but one way of obtaining business, publicity and but one way of gaining publicity, advertising"-these letters cannot fail to be universally acceptable. The letters are two inches long, have varnished facings, are of various colors, and gold and silver patterns. Having gummed have been made from time to time, with but poor backs, they will adhere to anything. The letters encouragement, to engrave on metals by means of are very elegant and showy, and admirably adapted electricity, seem at last to have resulted in the atfor window tickets, show boards, for displaying tainment of practical results. An ingenious French texts of Scripture or maxims in schools, labelling mechanic has produced an invention by which a articles in museums, or be affixed to statues, and metal plate, upon which a design is drawn with a the like. In places where there are no ticket- chemical ink of some kind, is slowly rotated with writers, these letters will supply a long-felt want; its face vertical, and several other similar plates, while for display, attractiveness and economy, es-graded in size, are also slowly rotated by appropri pecially where a small number of copies only are required, they surpass anything that can be done in printing or lithography. They will be found an eligible medium of advertising to all who wish to make their trade, business, or profession known in this struggling age. PARCHMENT COATING.-A parchment coating for coating all kinds of paper, has been discovered by the German chemist Souvageon, which, among other qualities, has the power of resisting all influences of damp, and even water. The coating of the paper with the fluid is done by means of a sponge, which is dipped in the fluid and applied to the surface of the paper. It has also been successfully adopted to preserve all kinds of pencil or crayon drawings. Where the drawing is of very delicate character, and will not permit of its being touched on the face, you coat it with the fluid on the back, and it soaks through to the surface; or, | ate mechanism. The object of the invention is to engrave on the smaller plates the design traced upon the largest, on different scales of magnitude, which is accomplished by applying a cutting point to the face of each plate, and which is pressed against it by means of an electric current whenever a blunt point, applied to the large plate, encounters the ink in which the design is traced-the cutting points being at other times withdrawn. The point presented to the first plate is merely a "feeder," which determines by electrical agency whether the ink is beneath it or not. If it is, the points are pressed into the surface of the other plates; if not, they are withdrawn and prevented from cutting. The feeler and the burins must, of course, all follow a spiral track. This is crude, and can be made applicable to the reproduction of certain kinds of designs only, but it is considered a long step in the direction of practical success.-Lithographer ( Lon don.), J. H. BACHMAN has recently published, in German, an important "Guide to Machine-minders; a Handbook for all thorough Printers." Its contents are as follows: Introduction; Frederic König, inventor of the printing machine. The first machines constructed by him in England. The first machines in Germany. Part 1, Machine construction; the varieties of machines, &c. Part 2, Necessaries pertaining to machines and printing; rollers, inks, paper-their treatment. Part The im3, pression. Part 4, Miscellaneous: cleaning, oiling, washing forms, lye. Part 5, Color printing, and the two-color machine. This handbook is beautifully printed by Meyer, of Brunswick, by whom it is published, and consists of iv.-156 pp. 8vo., with 41 wood-engravings in the text. JAPANESE PAPER.-Two hundred and fifty specimens of Japanese paper have been received at Washington and divided between the Patent Office, the Agricultural Bureau and the National Museum, where they may be seen by all who are interested. The quality and texture of these specimens are perplexing to our manufacturers. Some samples look like thick India-rubber, or tanned leather, while others are like the lining of an egg-shell for texture, and almost transparent. All these specimens of paper are wonderfully strong, and take dyes of the greatest brilliancy. A similar lot of paper was recently sent to England, and a government "bluebook" was issued from the Foreign Office, wherein the modes of Japanese paper-making were discussed with all attainable completeness. Paper fills a larger place in the every day life of Japan than it does with us, though, to be sure, they do not print so many many books and papers as we do. We are learning, however, to make houses, and boats, and furniture of various sorts from paper, and with a little instruction from the Japanese we may learn to make it after their confessedly superior methods. Christian Union. A PETITION to the French National Assembly is in course of preparation, in which the petitioners pray that no export duty on paper may be initiated, and that both the paper and rag trades may be left perfectly free. THE Lithographer (London), has issued the first portion of a "Dictionary of Lithography," to be continued monthly until its conclusion. A LITHOGRAPHIC ROLLER, made in artificial leather, without a seam, has been brought out by Herr A. Martel, a practical chemist of Prague. It is represented to possess all the advantages of the usual leather roller without its drawbacks. MESSRS. WADDIE & Co., of Edinburgh, have introduced a new Treadle Litho. Machine. The patentees claim for it that is is so easily adjusted and so suited for jobbing-work that it can be set going in 15 minutes, and can be maintained at a speed of 1,200 per hour from a single transfer; from the simplicity of its construction it is stated that it is not likely to get out of order, and the quality of work is equal to the best turned out at handpress. A NEW jobbing cylindrical platen machine entitled the "Little Tumbler" has lately been brought under the notice of the trade, and has been tried at several London offices with satisfactory results. The price is very moderate, commencing as low as £25, we believe, for the smallest size; it is simple in construction, and for job-work seems eminently suited. The feeding is from a revolving blanket with self-acting intermittent motion, and there is no taking off, as the work is delivered into a box behind the machine. The platen action is obtained by the cylinder being planed in that part where the impression takes place. THE VIENNA EXHIBITION OF 1873. THE site selected in the Imperial Park is one of the finest positions in Europe for an Exhibition, being bounded by the Danube on one side, one of the leading railways on another, and the splendid drive extending from the Praterstrasse on another, so making it accessible by every possible mode of conveyance. From the plans explained to me by Baron Schwarz, it is evident the building will not only be the largest, but also one of the best adapted to its purposes that have yet been erected. The structure will be principally of iron and glass; the centre will be a circular building, very much Hall, but its dimensions are such as would admit resembling the exterior appearance of the Albert of three Albert Halls being placed within the circle. It is intended to utilize the outer section of the circle for restaurants of all nationalities. From the centre of the circle, extending an immense length north and south, will be large galleries allotted geographically to each nation exhibiting. The machinery in motion will be in a large building quite distinct from the general building. The fine Arts department will also be a separate building. constructed especially for exhibiting paintings to the greatest possible effect. The park will be covered with useful and ornamental erections, pavilions, &c. In the pavilion specially erected for the purposes of the Royal Commissioners there will be an amphitheatre, to be used as a lecture room, and one of the features of the programme is to provide a series of lectures by eminent men of all nations during the term of the exhibition. His Excellency Baron Schwarz expressed his great desire that we should do everything we posf sibly could to enable not only large numbers oskilled artisans, but also of schoolmasters and mistresses to attend the Exhibition, and urged the desirability of getting the railway companies to agree to special fares for all engaged in scholastic duties from England, Holland, Belgium, Germany, Switzerland, &c. His Excellency is also most desirous that the Exhibition should contain as varied a collection as possible of all the appliances of domestic economy, and urged the advantages to be derived by the exhibition of models of cottages and model residences for the working classes, &c. Vienna, as all will agree with me that have bee there, is one of the most magnificent cities in Europe, with the worst possible arrangements and the dearest modes of conveyance between stations and hotels, and that the hotels are the most expensive in Europe. I had an interview with Baron Wertenterprising gentlemen) is now constructing hotels heim, who (in connection with other wealthy and capable of accommodating 4,000 visitors. For the working classes it is proposed that a portion of the Prater should be allotted for the erection of temporary wooden buildings similar to those erected in Paris in 1867, and no doubt that idea will be carried out. For the street locomotion Baron Schwarz has received sample cabs from England with a view of teaching the Vienna cab proprietors how luggage could be conveyed on the same conveyance as the passenger, and His Excellency assured me that there were various companies now forming for running omnibuses, tramway cars, etc., purposely for the Exhibition season. Offices are to be opened at the arrival platform of each station, at which an official register will be kept of accomodation, at various scales of charges, and those passengers who wish to be secure under the protection of the Royal Commissioners will be billeted off according to the class of accomodation they may require.-Shippers' Monthly Circular. RECENT FOREIGN PUBLICATIONS. ENGLAND. Present rate of Importation, about 50c. per shilling. Ashley, J. M. A Year with Great Preachers. Vol. 2. 12. (Hayes)... .......5s. Timbs, J. Thoughts for Times and Seasons. 12. (Griffin)... IS. Transactions of the National Social Science Association, Atmore, C. The Methodist Memorial. 12. (Hamilton, Trollope, Anthony. Ralph the Heir. Benson, E. W. Work, Friendship, Worship; (Deighton, Bell & Co.).... ..3s. 6d. Sermons. ..2s. 6d. (Routledge)... Urbain-Dubois. (Longman).. .......125. .....6s. Illust. 8°. Household Cookery Book. Cr. 8° ..12S Christianity and Scepticism. 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Le Goût. each... Ketterer, E. Op. 269. Matinée dans les Bois.) Morning in the Woods.) Caprice. Impromptu.... ......75 Whisper it Softly. Song and Chorus. T. M. Brown...35 Lange, G. Chagrin du Cœur. (Heart's Sorrow.) Mélodie. 50 35 La Lithuanienne. Polka. Lysberg. 35 .60 Shadow. Elegy. Courtlaender.. From National Temperance Society, N. Y. Jewett, Chas. (M.D.) A Forty Years' Fight with Drink Demon. 16°. 40 ..40 75 -75 .60 .75 ..$1.5 $1.25 Wilmer, M. E. The Little Girl in Black. 16°........ .99 Vol. 5. -$1.50 .......$2.50 From Catholic Publication Society, N. Y. Segueri, Paul. Lenten Sermons. Vol 1. 16°....... From Messrs. C. C. Chatfield & Co., New Haven. Day, H. N. Logical Praxis. 16°.. Phelps, S. D. (D.D.) Holy Land. ..$1.50 16°. .$1.00 1.75 From Messrs. Cushing, Bardua & Co., N. Y. Guide to Florida. 16°... .50 From Messrs. J. W. Schermerhorn & Co., N. Y. Jelliffe, W. M. Good Selections in Prose and Poetry. 12° Tillinghast, Wm. The Diadem. Sq. 12°. The Little Diadem. Sq. 12°; pap......... .30 From Messrs. J. M. Stoddart, & Co., Phila. .75 From Messrs. Chas. Scribner & Co., N. Y. Froude, J. A. (M.A.) Short Studies on Great Subjects. Second Series. 12... .$2.00. 112,984. Book Support.-S. M. Thompson, Providence, R. I. 113,558. Penholder.-Oliver A. Pennoyer, Washington, D. C. 113,620. Automatic Fan.-George C. Bovey, Cincinnati, Ohio. 113,654. Toy.-John Hamilton Harbison, Philadelphia, Pa. 113,721. Paper File.-Albert Baker, Appleton, Wis, 113,726. Ruler Attachment for Drawing Boards.Theodore Bergner (assignor to James W. Queen & Co.), Philadelphia, Pa. Drawing Frame.-George Draper, Hopedale, Mass. 113,752. 113,766. 113,785. Parlor Air-Pistol.-Benjamin Haviland, Hudson, and George P. Gunn, Ilion, N. Y. Pianoforte Action.-Frazee B. McGregor (assignor to himself and Geo. A. Hoyt), Pontiac, Mich. 111,461.. Letter Box.-Cyrus Lewis, Philadelphia, 113,834. Clasp Fastener for Bags.-Alfred Holme Pa. III,577. Portable Book-Holder.-C. W. Sher wood, Chicago, Ill. 111,683. Penholder.-Henry Roth, Virginia City, Nevada. 111,717. Receptacles for Stationery Articles, etc.W. F. Baade, Buffalo, Ń. Y. 111,773. Stamp Canceller.-Amos D. Owen, Thorntown, Ind. 111,844. Hand Stamp.-Horace Holt and William W. Seacombe (assignee to Seacombe Mfg. Co.), New York city. 111,846. Penholder.-Isaac Jacobs, New York city. 111,858. Book Support.-John McCausland, Alexander McCausland, and William J. A. McCausland, Providence, R. I. 111,885. Paper File.-Jesse F. Tapley, Springfield, Mass. 112,038. School Desk and Seat.-C. J. Higgins, Indianapolis, Ind. 112,104. Toy Propeller.-Arthur M. Allen, New York city. 112,165. Portable - Charles C. Book-Holder. Moore, New York city. 112,324. Toy Horse and Carriage.-John B. Tuz. ner, Bridgeport, Conn. 112,406. Ruler.-H. S. Ball, Spartanburg, S. C. 112,550. Creeping Doll.-H. J. Clay, New York. city (assignor to himself and F. H. Garvin, Brooklyn, N. Y.) 112,568. Envelope.-E. S. Ellis, Trenton, N. J. 112,781. Penholder.-Benjamin Charles, Akron, | Balch and Wolfred David Emilius Nelson, Montreal, Canada. 113,879. Spring Coller Shade.-Stewart Hartshorn, New York city. 113,947. Printers' Ink.-Marshall Curley, Council Bluffs, Iowa. 113,991. Paper File.-George W. Emerson, Chicago, Ill. 113,994. Melodeon.-Peter Engers, Jefferson Furnace, Pa. 114,064. Drawing Frame.-G. E. Taft, Northbridge, Mass. 114,110. Pencil Case.-J. H. Clark, Jersey City, N. J. 114,161. Envelope.-P. Lockwood, Auburn, Ind. 114,228. Envelope.-J. S. Thompson, Philadelphia, Pa. 114,246. Blackboard.-C. W. Young, Rising Sun, Ind. 114,262. Inkstand.-H. C. Catlin, Cleveland, Ohio. 114,350. Paper Cutter.-F. N. Robinson, Boston, Mass. 114,404. Pocketbook. - Jefferson Brown, New York city. 114,504. Paper File.-S. W. Young, Providence, R. I. 114,520. Piano Violin.-E. D. Blakeman, Mount Lebanon, N. Y. 114,649. School Desk.-C. U. Crandall, Sterling, Ill. 114,672. Envelope.-H. K. Gregg, Baltimore, Md. 114,829. Box Stereoscope. -W. H. Kohl, Cincinnati, Ohio. 114,868. Paper Board.-E. A. Seeley, Scotch Plains, N. J. 114,869. School Desk. -H. G. Sillman, North Newburg, Mich. 114,871. Envelope.-E. J. Smith, Washington, Hand Stamp,-C. G. Taft, Jr., Norton, 114,893. Pencil-Holder.-M. G. Wickham, Manchester, Conn. 114,968. Copying Drawings, etc.-I. Fehn, Wash ington, D. C. |