cost of these improvements shall be included in the occupation expense bill. The Makhzen shall state an annual sum which will be payable at the State Bank, and this failing shall be levied through the offices of the caliphate of the Sultan at Casablanca upon market licenses indicated under Article 4, and applied to the maintenance of said works under the authority of this functionary.

The expenditures occasioned under this clause shall be met through the offices of the Amin El Moustafad of this city after having been estimated by the Direction of Public Works at Tangiers; the report and vouchers of these expenditures shall be forwarded to the Makhzen.

ARTICLE 4.

The collection of imposts, gate duties and other municipal taxes of Casablanca shall proceed as heretofore, until the Makhzen organizes municipalities in the harbors with reservation of rights already pledged for the service of the liquidation loan.

The taxes and imposts of Chaouya will continue to be collected for the account of the Makhzen; but the use to which they will be put shall be regulated by a letter from the Minister of Finance of His Shereefian Majesty addressed to the French Government.

ARTICLE 5.

The fine of two and a half million francs imposed upon the Chaouya tribes because of their attitude during the events at Casablanca and approved by them, shall be collected by the caïds and oumana, or by any other functionary designated by the Makhzen according to the usage prevailing with them in regard to the apportioning of the zekiat and achour.

ARTICLE 6.

The French Government has declared that so far as it is concerned it would not object to levying the amount of this fine on brokers, if such collection were extended to cover the brokers of the other nations as well. The two and a half million above mentioned shall be paid by the tribes in question; they shall be applied to the enlargement of the construction works in the harbor of Casablanca after the contract relative to this enlargement shall have been concluded between the Makhzen and the French company, "The Moroccan Company," in conformity with the plan that will be presented by the construction engineer of the Makhzen for the approval of His Shereefian Majesty.

ARTICLE 7.

The native tribal infantry and cavalry troops organized in Chaouya. to the effective number of 1,200 men will provisionally maintain their organization until such time as the Makhzen will be able to locate in Chaouya the Moroccan force referred to in Article 1; these troops shall then be returned to the Makhzen, accompanied by a sufficient number of instructors to be at the disposal of the chief of the French military mission.

His Majesty shall, for a period of one month at the longest, beginning with the day of their arrival, continue to pay to these troops the amount fixed by the decision of the army of occupation.

At the expiration of this period the pay of these troops shall be restored to an amount corresponding to the pay of the Shereefian troops. Those of the troops who may not wish to remain in the service at this Makhzenian pay shall be free to resign, and it shall be the duty of the Makhzen to compel their respective tribes to provide an equal number of new recruits.

ARTICLE 8.

The Shereefian Government declares that it agrees to pay the war costs occasioned by the French military occupation in the Moroccan Empire; a special agreement shall be reached regarding the manner in which these expenses shall be paid.

ARTICLE 9.

The costs referred to shall extend to January 1, 1910, corresponding to the 19th hedja, 1327.

ARTICLE 10.

The Government of the Republic has never considered the city of Casablanca other than Moroccan territory and has no intention of occupying the same permanently. It will withdraw its troops therefrom when it shall have been convinced that the organization specified for Chaouya is able to assure efficient order within its borders and when sufficient guarantees shall have been given to it by the Makhzen relative to the refunding of the military expenditures mentioned in Article 8, and for the payment of indemnities to the victims of the Casablanca troubles; also, the Makhzen pledges himself to furnish every necessary guarantee:

a) Relative to the Sheik Mal-el-Aïnin and the enemies of France in the Sahara. The Shereefian Government shall be obliged to make it im

possible for these agitators to receive encouragement and assistance through money, weapons and ammunition; it shall address letters, copies of which shall be sent to the French legation, to the authorities of the Sous and of the Oued Noun to make it incumbent upon them to repress the smuggling of weapons into these regions.

b) The Shereefian Government shall address to the local authorities formal instructions regarding the integral application of Article 60 of the Algéciras Act (right of foreigners to own real estate).

II.

Agreement relative to the Frontier Region.

ARTICLE 1.

The two governments declare first of all that the régime to be realized in the frontier region reposes upon arrangements previously entered into between them in regard to this subject and supplemented by the following dispositions:

ARTICLE 2.

The French Government declares that it will withdraw its troops under the conditions hereafter indicated from Oudjda, Beni-Snassen, Bou Anane and Bou Denib, all places which it was led to occupy in Moroccan territory for reasons well understood.

Are maintained in their present status all other places actually occupied in the frontier region, situated in the territory common to the DouiMenia and the Oulad-Djerir, who have accepted the jurisdiction of the general government of Algeria; also the post of Ras-el-Aïn of the BeniMather, named Berguent, in Moroccan territory, these posts being necessary to the protection of the Algerian frontier. Nevertheless, to terminate all misunderstanding in regard to this matter, the French Government will pay to the Shereefian Government an indemnity to be subsequently determined by mutual agreement.

ARTICLE 3.

The Makhzen shall designate a Shereefian High Commissioner in order to reach an understanding with the French High Commissioner with a view of enforcing the agreements of 1901 and 1902.

ARTICLE 4.

The Shereefian High Commissioner shall receive without delay the powers necessary to the execution of his attributions, especially the right

to propose, after a preliminary understanding with the French High Commissioner, the appointment and the removal of the caïds and other Moroccan functionaries.

ARTICLE 5.

When the régime intended by prior agreements shall have been fully realized and in a manner responding to the common interests of the two governments, and when the French troops, in accordance with the conditions before stated, shall have been withdrawn from the regions which they occupy, the attributions of the French and the Shereefian High Commissioners are determined by Article 3 of the present agreement.

ARTICLE 6.

The number of French troops stationed in the frontier region shall be reduced in proportion to the increase of the effective force of the Makhzenian police, which is to be organized on the basis indicated in Article. 9. When this Makhzenian troop shall have reached the number of 2,000 effective men, the number indicated in Article 1 of the treaty of 1844, and when it shall have been deemed capable of enforcing the agreements mentioned in Article 5, capable of maintaining security and of facilitating commercial transactions, in short, capable of insuring the collection. of imposts and other taxes, the French troops shall then be returned to the Algerian side of the frontier line.

ARTICLE 7.

The market taxes and the dues mentioned in the agreements shall be collected according to the tariffs specified, and the imposts zékiat and achour, according to the rules in usage in the Shereefian Empire; these collections shall be made through the medium of the oumana and of the advisers of the Makhzen, with the assistance of a French official during the period of occupation.

Regarding the administrative expenses of the territory occupied, such as compensation for the oumana and others, they shall be levied upon the receipts stated above; all the details of these matters shall be entered into a special account, which must be sent to the Makhzen; any surplus shall be paid into the Shereefian treasury.

ARTICLE 8.

Improvements introduced by the army of occupation at Oudjda and among the Beni Snassen shall be conveyed to the Hakhzen under the

conditions indicated in the agreement relative to Chaouya. The amount will be included in the occupation expense account.

ARTICLE 9.

The Makhzenian force referred to in Article 6 shall be organized on the following basis: It shall be composed of Moroccan Mussulman soldiers, recruited through enlistments, trained and commanded by a sufficient number of French and Algerian officers and sub-officers; it shall have a list of Moroccan officers. It shall be self-governing and placed under the authority of a French commandant, approved by the Makhzen; and the commandant shall be under the immediate authority of the French and Shereefian High Commissioners. It shall be paid from the receipts of the imposts from the tribes of the frontier region and from the taxes and dues stipulated in the agreements.

ARTICLE 10.

With regard to Bou Denib and Bou Anane, the French Government is willing to vacate these posts without waiting until the Makhzen shall have located there an organized force, but on the condition that the freedom of commercial relations and the security of caravans be sufficiently assured. To this end the Makhzen shall order his caliphate at Tafilelt to attend to the security of caravans that might pass between the sours (fortified places) of the Tafilelt and the posts of Bou-Denib and Bou Anane; for this purpose there shall be organized escorts to accompany the caravans, and at the head of each escort there shall be a Moroccan chief designated by the caliphate of the Sultan at Tafilelt. In addition, if possible, caravansaries shall be built in which posts of native guards shall be installed. Lastly, the authorities of the contiguous regions are obligated to establish regular official relations.

As soon as this system shall operate in a satisfactory manner the number of French troops will be gradually decreased and returned to Algeria. Special precautions shall be taken by the Makhzen that the property nights of Algerians residing in Morocco may proceed without hindrance, in conformity with Article 6 of the agreement of July 20, 1901.

III.

Agreement relative to the Financial Question.

The financial question shall be settled according to the dispositions of the note transmitted to the Shereefian Embassy, ult. August 14, in con