company will not prevent the land company from buying tickets from the carrier at full prices and selling them to guests of its hotel at half price. Wilson v. Rock Creek, etc., R. Co., 7 I. C. C. 83. Different rate by cwt. on train loads and car loads discriminatory. Paine v. Lehigh Valley, etc... R. Co., 7 I. C. C. 218. Reshipping at remainder of a through rate illegal. Re Alleged Unlawful Rates and Practices in the Transportation of Grain and Grain Products, 7 I. C. C. 240. Re Rates and Practices of the M. & O. R. Co., 9 I. C. C. 373; Cannon Falls, etc., Co. v. Chicago G. W. R. Co., 10 I. C. C. 650. See question suggested but not decided. Commercial Club of Omaha v. Chicago & R. I. R. Co., 6 I. C. C. 647; Duncan et al. v. N. C. & St. L. R. Co., 16 I. C. C. 590. Cannot divide rates with wagon carriers. Cary v. Eureka Springs R. Co., 7 I. C. C. 286. Terminal charges need not be exacted on all products alike nor at all markets. Cattle Raisers' Asso. of Texas v. Ft. Worth, etc., R. Co., 7 1 C. C. 513, 5-a. Commission's order not enforced. 98 Fed. 173, 103 id. 249, 43 C. C. A. 209, 186 U. S. 320, 46 L. Ed. 1182, 22 Sup. Ct. 824. Storage charges as well as other rules and regulations must not be discriminatory. American Warehousemen's Asso. v. Ill. Cent. R. Co., 7 I. C. C. 556. Goods exported may move to ports at a less rate than those consumed at the port. Kemble v. Boston, etc., R. Co., 8 I. C. C. 110. A difference in the rates on private cars may exist when the use thereof is different. Carr v. N. Pac. R. Co.. 9 I. C. C. 1. The rule that as distance increases the rate per ton mile shall decrease is not required by the statute and is subject to exceptions and qualifications. Hilton Lumber Co. v. Wilmington, etc., R. Co., 9 I. C. C. 17. To entitle a shipper to a carload rating, the shipment should be from one consignor to one consignee under one bill of lading, but where the consignee is the owner, it is immaterial whether his title was obtained from one or more persons. Whether a carrier can deny carload rate to forwarding agent not decided. Buckeye Buggy Co. v. Cleveland, etc., R. Co., 9 I. C. C. 620; Bell Co. v. Baltimore, etc., R., 9 I. C. C. 632. Tap line" divisions or a division of a through rate to a short line, such line being a common carrier, is legal. Central Yellow Pine Asso. v. Vicksburg S. & P. R. Co., 10 I. C. C. 193. See,

also, Re Transportation of Salt, 10 I. C. C. 148. Ownership of the terminal or "tap line" immaterial, but the division must be reasonable. Re Divisions of Joint Rates and Other Allowances to Terminal Roads. 10 I. C. C. 385. Where "tap line" not a common carrier, allowance illegal. Central Yellow Pine Asso. v. Ill. Cent. R. Co., 10 I. C. C. 505, 506. May make the charge on a minimum of 100 pounds at the rate taken by the particular commodity. Wrigley v. Cleveland, etc., R. Co., 10 I. C. C. 412. "Under substantially similar circumstances and conditions" defined and held that joint through rates less than the sum of the locals must be open to all. Capital City Gas Co. v. Central Vermont, etc., R. Co., 11 I. C. C. 104. Circumstances and conditions substantially dissimilar. City Gas. Co. v. B. & O. R. Co., 11 I. C. C. 371, 379. Cotton packed by the round bale process not entitled to a different rate than that packed in square bales. Planters Compress Co. v. Cleveland, etc., R. Co., 11 I. C. C. 382. A reconsignment rate may be higher than the carrier's proportion of the through rate. St. Louis Hay & Grain Co. v. Ill. Cent. R. Co., 11 I. C. C. 486, 496; Same v. M. & O. R. Co., id. 101. There should be uniformity in the relation of rates on commodities differently packed. Cannon v. M. & O. R. Co., 11 I. C. C. 537. Carrier can not charge more for transferring freight brought from another line than for that originating on its own line. Blackwell Milling & Elevator Co., v. M., K. & Tt. Ry. Co., 12 I. C. C. 23. Ponca City Milling Co. v M. K. & T. Ry. Co., 12 I. C. C. 26. Party rate tickets must be poen to all. Re Party Rate Ticket, 12 I. C. C. 95. A carload of freight though owned by different persons and known as "bulked shipments," when under one bill of lading entitled to the regular carload rate. California Commercial Asso. v. Wells Fargo & Co., 14 I. C. C. 422; Export Shipping Co. v. Wabash R. Co., 14 I. C. C. 437. Order not enforced. Delaware, L. & W. R. Co. v. Int. Com. Com., 166 Fed. 499. Section two in effect prohibits free passes except for the classes mentioned in section twenty-two. Ex parte Koehler, 31 Fed. 315, 12 Sawy. 466. Re Charge to Grand Jury, 66 Fed. 146. Unless pass is used no crime is committed. United States v. Mathews, 68 Fed. 880. Contract for rates based upon the amount of shipments void. Burlington, C. R. & N. R. Co.

v. Northwestern Fuel Co., 31 Fed. 652. (Reversed but this question not discussed. Tozer v. United States. 52 Fed. 917); John Hays & Co. v. Penn. Co., 12 Fed. 309. Followed citing English cases. Int. Com. Com. v. Tex. & Pac. Ry. Co., 52 Fed. 187, 190; Kinsley v. Buffalo, N. Y. & P. R. Co., 37 Fed. 181; United States v. Tozer, 39 Fed. 369, 904. Only unjust, undue or unreasonable discrimination forbidden. Kentucky & I. Bridge Co. v. L. & N. R. C., 37 Fed. 567, 624. See 2 I. C. C. 162, 2 I. C. R. 102. Not unlawful for carrier to compress cotton en route when privilege open to all. Cowan v. Bond, 39 Fed. 54. Not discriminative to decline to use a particular live stock car. United States v. Delaware, L. &

W. R. Co., 40 Fed. 101. Party rate tickets at less rate than for a single ticket legal. Int. Com. Com. v. B. & O. R. Co., 43 Fed. 37, 46. Affirmed, 145 U. S. 263, 36 L. Ed. 699, 12 Sup. Ct. 844. May make a difference in rates for limited and unlimited tickets. United States v. Eagan, 47 Fed. 112. IIlegal to charge less on freight from Liverpool than from New York, New Orleans, etc., to San Francisco. Int. Com. Com. v. Tex. & Pac. Ry. Co., 52 Fed. 187. Affirmed, 57 Fed. 948, 6 C. C. A. 653, 20 U. S. App. 1, 4 I. C. R. 408. Reversed, Tex. & Pac. Ry. Co. v. Int. Com. Com., 162 U. S. 197, 40 L. Ed. 940, 16 Sup. Ct. 666. That cotton reached Mobile by boat is no reason for charging more on a shipment to New Orleans than was charged on cotton brought to Mobile by other carriers. Bigbee & Warrior Rivers Packet Co. v. Mobile & Ohio R. Co., 60 Fed. 545. Rebate to one not a crime unless refused to others. United States v. Hanley, 71 Fed, 672. No rigid theoretical rules can be adopted to determine the question of discrimination. Int. Com. Com. v. L. & N. R. Co., 73 Fed. 409. Can not charge full local rate on freight delivered to one carrier, when the proportion of the through rate is charged to another. Augusta S. R. Co. v. Wrightsville & T. R. Co., 74 Fed. 522. Purpose of section discussed. Int. Com. Com. v. Alabama M. Ry. Co., 74 Fed. 715, 21 C. C. A. 51, 41 U. S. App. 453, 5 I. C. R. 685. Affirming 69 Fed. 227. Affirmed, 168 U. S. 144, 42 L. Ed. 414, 18 Sup. Ct. 45. Cartage is separated from the general charges referred to in section. one, two, three and four of Act. Detroit, etc., Ry. Co. v. Int. Com. Com., 74 Fed. 803, 815, 21 C. C. A. 103, 43 U. S. App.

308. Reversing 57 Fed. 1005, 4 I. C. R. 722. Affirmed, 167 U. S. 633, 42 L. Ed. 306, 17 Sup. Ct. 986. What should be stated in a petition to recover damages for discrimination. Kinnavey v. Terminal R. Asso. of St. Louis, 81 Fed. 802. Section deals with preferences between shippers and not between localities. Int. Com. Com. v. Western & A. R. Co., 88 Fed. 186. Affirmed, 93 Fed. 83, 35 C. C. A. 217, 181 U. S. 29, 45 L. Ed. 729, 21 Sup. Ct. 512, refusing to enforce order in Railroad Com. of Ga. v. Clyde Line S. S. Co., 5 I. C. C. 324, 4 I. C. R. 120. Mere offer of discrimination not an offense. Lehigh Valley R. Co. v. Rainey, 112 Fed. 487, refusing motion for new trial. See 99 Fed. 596. Carriers not required to give same rate to forwarding agents as to owners of carload freight. Lundquist v. Grand Trunk W. Ry. Co., 121 Fed. 915; Delaware, L. & W. R. Co. v. Int. Com. Com., 166 Fed. 499. Contra under under English and Canadian Act. Packed Parcels Case. Great W. R. W. Co. v. Sutton L. R., 4 H. L. 226, MacMurchy & Denison's Canadian Ry. Law 496. Can not discriminate in favor of government in rates to its soldiers. United States v. Chicago & N. W. Ry. Co., 127 Fed. 785,62 C. C. A. 465. A carrier may in good faith buy a commodity and transport it at less than the regular rate. Int. Com. Com. v. Chesapeake & O. Ry. Co., 128 Fed. 59. Affirmed same case, but this proposition disapproved, 200 U. S. 361, 50 L. Ed. 515, 26 Sup. Ct. 272. Classification must be without discrimination. Int. Com. Com. v. Cincinnati, H. & D. Ry. Co., 146 Fed. 559. Affirmed. Cincinnati, H. & D. Ry. Co. v. Int. Com. Com., 206 U. S. 142, 51 L. Ed. 995, 27 Sup. Ct. 648. Reconsignment rate is violation of section. St. Louis Hay & Grain Co. v. So. Ry. Co., 149 Fed. 609. Affirmed. So. Ry. Co. v. St. Louis Hay & Grain Co., 153 Fed. 728,-C. C. A.-Reversed, 214 U. S. 297, 53 L. Ed. 1004, 29 Sup. Ct. 678. "Discrimination" defined. United States v. Wells Fargo Ex. Co., 161 Fed. 606. Discrimination illegal at common law. Atchision. T. & S. F. R. Co. v. Denver & N. O. R. Co., 110 U. S. 667, 28 L. Ed. 291, 4 Sup. Ct. 185. Service for local. haul not the same as for through haul covering the local as well as additional haul. Union Pacific Ry. Co. v. United States, 117 U. S. 355, 29 L. Ed. 920, 6 Sup. Ct. 772. The discrimination must be unjust, undue or unreasonable, though

a rate reasonable under section one may violate sections two and three. Int. Com. Com. v. Baltimore & O. R. Co., 145 U. S. 263, 36 L. Ed. 699, 12 Sup. Ct. 844, affirining 43 Fed. 37. Carriers not released from liability to innocent parties to a bill of lading because a rebate is allowed. Merchants Cotton Compress and Storage Co. v. Ins. Co. of North America, 151 U. S 368, 38 L. Ed. 195, 206, 14 Sup. Ct. 367. Ocean competition may make a different circumstance. Section discussed. Statement made that it was modeled on section 90, English Act of 1845, and English cases cited. Tex. & Pac. R. Co. v. Int. Com. Com. 162 U. S. 197, 213, 219, 222, 224, 225, 40 L. Ed. 940, 945, 947, 948, 949, 16 Sup. Ct. 666. Reversing 57 Fed. 948, 6 C. C. A. 653, 20 U. S. App. 1, 4 I. C. R. 408. Prior to the Act to Regulate Commerce recovery could not be had for discrimination unless the charge was unreasonable. Parsons v. Chicago & N. W. R. Co., 167 U. S. 447, 42 L. Ed. 231, 17 Sup. Ct. 887. Allowance of cartage to one and not to all violates section. Wight v. United States, 167 U. S. 512, 42 L. Ed. 258, 17 Sup. Ct. 822. "Under substantially similar circumstances and conditions" refers to matter of carriage. and does not include competition. id. While this is true of section two, it is not true of section four. Int. Com. Com. v. Alabama M. Ry. Co., 168 U. S. 144, 42 L. Ed. 414, 18 Sup. Ct. 45; East Tenn., Va. & Ga. Ry. Co. v. Int. Com. Com., 181 U. S. 1, 45 L. Ed. 719, 21 Sup. Ct. 516; Int. Com. Com. v. Clyde S. S. Co., 181 U. S. 29, 45 L. Ed. 729, 21 Sup. Ct. 512. See as to effect of free cartage on section four. Int. Com. Com. v. Detroit, etc., R. Co., 167 U. S. 633, 42 L. Ed. 306. 11 Sup. Ct. 986. Carriers cannot escape from provisions of section by electing to be a dealer in commodities shipped. New York, N. H. & H. R. Co. v. Int. Com. Com., 200 U. S. 361, 391, 392, 50 L. Ed. 515, 521, 26 Sup. Ct. 272. Commission has power to order carriers to cease from violating Act by discriminating between persons or localities. Cincinnati, H. & D. Ry. Co. v. Int. Com. Com., 206 U. S. 142, 51 L. Ed. 995, 27 Sup. Ct. 648.

Notes of Decisions Rendered Since 1909.

May not discriminate in favor of school children. Commutation Tickets to School Children, 17 I. C. C. 144, but see Int.