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THE REMARKABLE MODEL IN THE HALL OF HEALTH OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, IN NEW YORK CITY, SHOWING ON A GIGANTIC SCALE THE POSSIBILITIES OF HUMAN INFECTION WITH DISEASES THE GERMS OF WHICH ARE CARRIED FROM FILTH TO FOOD ON THE FEET OF THE FLY. THE SCULPTORPREPARATOR, MR. IGNAZ MATAUSCH (IN THE PICTURE), SPENT NINE MONTHS IN MAKING THIS MODEL

lus to this clean-up was the model of a house fly "as big as a cat." The public may not read as many "Swat the Fly" warnings as it should, but it has been wonderfully interested in this triumph of craftsmanship in blown glass, steel, wire,

times the length of the living fly, and 64,000 times greater in bulk, he exposes the guilt of all his race on a gigantic scale. A glance tells how disease germs are transferred from his padded feet to the little cavities in the sponge-like substance of the

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A "RAT PROOF" DWELLING AND OUT-BUILDINGS

A MODEL THAT SHOWS HOW CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS AND BASEMENT FLOORS CLOSE THE FAVORITE ENTRANCE OF THESE BEARERS OF DISEASE

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THIS MODEL SHOWS GRAPHICALLY THE RELATION THAT UNCOVERED GARBAGE, BROKEN PIPES, AND UNPROTECTED FOUNDATIONS BEAR TO THE PRESENCE OF RATS, WHICH ARE NOT ONLY DESTRUCTIVE BUT WHICH OFTEN CARRY GERMS OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND SOMETIMES THE FLEAS THAT SPREAD BUBONIC PLAGUE

in the average company in the United States Army in the Spanish-American War, one soldier was wounded in battle, whereas through the ravages of typhoid one man to a company lost his life and fourteen men were incapacitated for service.

Models of ill-kept and well-kept farms, side by side in the same case, are among the most popular exhibits in the hall. Here Here is a farm where the open rain barrel breeds mosquitoes; where the exposed manure heap leads to the begetting of a myriad of flies; where the primitive sanitary arrangements may send typhoid germs into the vegetable garden and into the stream where the family herd is drinking. The other side of the picture portrays thrift and cleanliness. Little signs scattered over the two landscapes tell of the right and the wrong ways of living next to the soil. Another setting shows how house and outbuildings may be guarded against rats.

The evils of the open wooden garbage barrel and of filthy premises are set forth in the exact reproduction of a section of a kitchen in San Francisco, made when the bubonic plague scare was at its height. The model is a replica of one made by the United States Government. It shows how the rats burrow; how they build nests for their young; how they may spread disease in every direction. This revelation of the habits of rats makes plain the dangers of infection.

After the city dweller sees a model representing the gathering of clams in sand into which a broken sewer pipe is discharging, he is not so likely to think. lightly of the efforts of a health commissioner to prevent the pollution of oyster beds and of the ocean beaches. And nearby is a realistic representation of driftwood being gathered at the Battery Breakwater, accompanied by the warning that the taking of this spoil of the sea into the home may introduce disease.

The whole scheme of water supply, the peril of epidemics, the methods of purification and of filtration are demonstrated by elaborately worked out exhibits. Germs of disease, many thousands of times their actual size, are displayed in wonderful blown glass counterfeits.

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visitors on Sundays. Practically everyone who makes the grand tour of the institution sees the health exhibit. More than half a million persons go to the museum every year. Although no separate count is kept of the attendance in the Hall of Health, it has been demonstrated that this division attracts as much attention as any other section. It is situated on the way to the bird groups and

Good citizens who wonder why it takes is in the centre of the building.

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THE DANGER IN WAR FROM BULLETS, AND THE AVERAGE LOSS BY WOUNDS IN THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR WAS ONE MAN FROM EVERY COMPANY

The museum's department of health has now been in existence two years. In that time its exhibits have constantly become of greater popular interest. The opening of the new hall represents the working out of a definite policy of bringing the public in touch with the activities of the institution.

One of the most successful developments has been through the high schools. The boys of the DeWitt Clinton High School are especially enthusiastic. Several lectures for them were arranged in the large auditorium of the museum, and they supplemented the lectures with inspections of the exhibits in the hall. Six hundred eager and enthusiastic youths at a time have viewed the exhibition and asked technical questions concerning the various objects. Classes from the Bellevue Hospital Medical College of the New York University are sent to study the models as

part of the regular course. Students from the College of the City of New York, where especial attention is paid to personal hygiene, are regular visitors. Pupils from the private schools of the city, long lines of young misses with a prim chaperone at their head, march through the corridor practically every day. A talk on health based on the exhibits in the hall is part of a course of lectures which last year was attended by 35,000 students of the public primary and grammar schools.

Small traveling exhibits are sent by the director to schools, in cases filled with small models and specimens. The museum has been lately raising flies and mosquitoes in large quantities. The various stages from the larvæ to the full blown buzzer are arrested by the use of formaldehyde and then preserved in bottles, which the teachers use to explain to the children how the fly breeds in filth and

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THE AVERAGE LOSS BY TYPHOID IN THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR WAS ONE MAN DEAD AND FOURTEEN INCAPACITATED FROM EVERY COMPANY

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MODELS OF ILL-KEPT AND WELL-KEPT FARMS THAT SHOW CLEARLY WHY LIFE IS SAFER AS WELL AS MORE COMFORTABLE ON THE FARM THAT IS PROPERLY MANAGED

voluble speech and flowing gesture the why and the wherefore of the display. When Italian laborers who have been working on the Jerome Park Reservoir, where filter beds may be made for city water, are guided among the models by their children, the uses of these new methods of teaching sanitation become convincingly evident.

The work of the museum has attracted the notice of other institutions in this country. Requests for replicas of the

of pure milk prospers, and how the fly, greatly magnified, does his evil work.

In this work of teaching the public important lessons for their own well-being by means of museum display, the deep learning of the specialist and the skill of the sculptor, preparator, and taxidermist are coördinated for a common cause.

Formerly, nature museums were repositories for fossils and stuffed animals; now, they house exhibits that teach mankind the proper way to live.

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