the dry rot has made considerable progress, the wood is preserved from further decay. Attention has been forcibly called to this fact by the results of the sinking of different ships belonging to the British navy, the timbers of which were affected by the rot. On being raised to the surface after an immersion of several months, the fungus had disappeared, and the wood afterward continued free from decay. It is probable that the durability of the planks used in the bends of vessels is owing to the steaming process to which they have been subjected, the juices which tend to produce fermentation being thus dissolved out as effectually as by steeping in water or burying in the earth. Seasoning in dry air, though it may cause the destructive juices to be hardened, and thus rendered harmless so long as they continue in this condition, is proved to be imperfect when the wood is exposed in damp situations. The moisture penetrating the pores redissolves these juices, and the fungus soon makes its appearance. Wood that has lasted perfectly well for 650 years has, by an exposure in unfavorable situations, been attacked in a few weeks by the dry rot.

DRYADS (Gr. Spus, an oak, or large wildgrowing tree), a class of nymphs in ancient Greek and Roman mythology. According to some they were the same as the hamadryads, and, being attached to particular trees, their life was limited by that of the tree in which they lived. Another account is that the dryads were the patrons of forests and trees in general, and were thus distinguished from the hamadryads, who inhabited each a particular tree.

DRY ANDER, JONAS, a Swedish naturalist, born in 1748, died in London in Oct. 1810. He was educated at the university of Gottenburg, and took his degree of doctor in philosophy at Lund in 1776, on which occasion he published a dissertation in opposition to the theory of those naturalists who asserted that fungi might be the production of animals. He subsequently became the friend and pupil of Linnæus; and visiting England as the tutor of a young nobleman, he was introduced to Sir Joseph Banks, under whose roof he resided after 1782, in the capacity of librarian. He was also librarian of the royal and Linnæan societies, of the latter of which he was one of the founders, and at the time of his death vice-president. He wrote several papers on botanical subjects, and superintended the publication of the Hortus Kewensis and Roxburgh's "Plants of the Coast of Coromandel." He was one of the most accomplished of modern bibliographers, and his Catalogus Bibliotheca Historico-Naturalis Josephi Banks, Baroneti (5 vols., London, 1798), is a model of admirable arrangement, and the most comprehensive catalogue of the kind ever published.

DRYDEN, JOHN, an English poet, born in the parish of Aldwinckle All Saints, Northamptonshire, Aug. 9, 1631, died May 1, 1700. He belonged to a respectable Puritan family. His father was a magistrate under Cromwell. John, the eldest of 14 children, received a good edu

cation at Tichmarsh and at Westminster school. At the latter he showed his poetical gifts in a translation of the 3d satire of Persius and an elegy on the accomplished young Lord Hastings. He was graduated at Trinity college, Cambridge, in 1654, went home on the death of his father in the same year, and soon after returned to the university, where he remained until 1657. His relative, Sir Gilbert Pickering, a member of Cromwell's council, induced him to come to London, and gave him a petty clerkship. He celebrated the death of the protector in his "Heroic Stanzas;" but his connection with the Puritan party was the result of circumstances rather than sympathy. The restoration called forth his Astrea Redux in 1660, and the coronation of Charles II. another poem of panegyric soon after. At this period of his life he seems to have eked out the pittance which he received from his paternal estate by writing prefaces and other occasional pieces for the booksellers. The patronage of Sir Robert Howard bettered his fortunes, and he soon became known as a ready versifier and a stanch royalist. About the same time he began to write for the stage. His first play, the "Wild Gallant," produced in 1662, was not successful. It was followed by the "Rival Ladies" and the "Indian Emperor;" but scarcely had he gained the public ear when the plague and the great fire of London put a stop for a time to all theatrical representations, and drove him to a less profitable employment. He busied himself in composing his "Essay of Dramatic Poesy," in which he defends the use of rhyme in tragedy. In 1663 he was married to Elizabeth, daughter of the earl of Berkshire, and sister of Sir Robert Howard, a lady who added little to his fortune, and still less to his happiness. It was from the earl's seat in Wiltshire that he dated his Annus Mirabilis-the year of wonders (1666), in which he celebrates the great fire, the duke of York's victory over the Dutch, and other prominent events. His devotion to the court, no less than the merit of his verse, obtained for him in 1670 the post of poet laureate, vacant since the death of Davenant in 1668, with that of historiographer royal, the united salaries of which amounted to £200. On the revival of the drama he became an active and successful writer for the stage, and was soon engaged to furnish for the king's theatre 3 plays a year, for which he received 1 shares of the profits of the company. Though he did not fulfil this agreement, having produced only 18 plays in 16 years, the actors seem to have valued his services too highly not to take them on his own terms. But if he pleased the public, his exaggerated style did not escape the ridicule of the wits of the court. Villiers, duke of Buckingham, brought out in 1671 a comedy called the "Rehearsal," in which the poet laureate was satirized under the name of Bayes. Its brilliant wit won it an enthusiastic reception, and how deeply Dryden felt the blow may be judged from the revenge which he took 10 years afterward. Meanwhile he had to suffer

in another way. An "Essay on Satire," written by Lord Mulgrave, and attributed to Dryden, who seems indeed to have revised it, gained him the enmity of the earl of Rochester; and on Dec. 16, 1679, as he was returning at night from Will's coffee house to his home, he was set upon and cudgelled by 3 hired ruffians. In 1681 appeared his "Absalom and Achitophel," a satire on the plot for securing the succession of Charles's natural son the duke of Monmouth, in which, under the names of David, Absalom, and Achitophel, he represented the king, Monmouth, and Shaftesbury; while in Zimri, who

in the course of one revolving moon Was chemist, fiddler, statesman, and buffoon, he drew his old enemy, the author of the "Rehearsal," and fully repaid the smart he had felt under his satire. The success of the poem was unbounded; Dr. Johnson's father, an old bookseller, said he knew of no publication except Sacheverell's "Trial" which had ever reached so large a sale. A medal struck by the friends of Shaftesbury to commemorate the refusal of the grand jury to indict him for high treason, furnished the title and subject of a fresh political satire. "The Medal" soon appeared, and was answered by a score of rhymesters, one of whom, Elkanah Settle, by his "Medal Reversed," is said to have fairly divided with Dryden the praises of the town. "MacFlecknoe," published about 1682, was a biting_satire on the poet Shadwell, and fell below Dryden's political writings in interest only because the subject was inferior. In 1682 were produced also the Religio Laici, a defence of the church of England, and the 2d part of "Absalom and Achitophel." Of this, however, the greater portion was written by Nahum Tate; Dryden contributed only 200 lines, but in these his rivals Shadwell and Settle were handed down to the ridicule of posterity under the names of Og and Doeg. A few classical translations, some miscellaneous poems, and 2 pieces for the stage, were his only compositions during the next 3 years, until he was called upon as poet laureate to mourn the death of Charles II., and celebrate the accession of James. Under the new monarch the religious doubts which seem to have troubled him several years before were solved by his submission to the Roman Catholic creed. The sincerity of his conversion, at a time when the change suited so well his worldly prospects, has been and must doubtless remain a moot point. He was sharply at tacked by his contemporaries, and among the earliest of his pieces in defence of his faith appeared, in 1687, the "Hind and Panther," an allegory absurd in design, but forcible in execution, wherein the points of difference between the two religions are discussed in musical verse. The revolution of 1688 robbed him of his place, and reduced him once more to the necessity of writing for bread. From 1690 to 1694 he composed 4 plays, and during the next 3 years was busy with his translation of Virgil, for which he is said to have received £1,300. In 1698 he

began his adaptations of Chaucer, contracting with a bookseller to furnish 10,000 lines for £300. This bargain produced his "Fables," consisting of many of the choice stories of Homer, Ovid, Boccaccio, and Chaucer, translated or modernized in flowing verse. The noble ode for St. Cecilia's day, often called "Alexander's Feast," formed part of this collection. It was the last of Dryden's great works, though he published some minor pieces afterward. He died of mortification of the leg, and was buried next to Chaucer in Westminster abbey, where Sheffield, duke of Buckingham, erected a monument over his remains in 1720. His wife and 3 sons survived him.-Dryden was reserved in his habits, but kind and benevolent. At Will's coffee house, the great resort of the wits of London, he was the oracle by common consent, and though his part in conversation was seldom brilliant, a pinch from Dryden's snuff box, says Sir Walter Scott, "was equal to taking a degree in the academy of wit." He was domestic in his tastes, an affectionate father, and, notwithstanding the bitter temper of his wife, a faithful husband. The licentious spirit of the time, which his dramas, so far from repressing, did every thing to encourage, found no reflex in his private conduct. His rhyming tragedies have little beside their diction and versification to recommend them; his comedies, with the exception of the "Spanish Friar," are beneath his fame; and though he wrote 27 plays, only one or two are now spoken of. Many of his dedications are disfigured by the most abject flattery, and his early poems are marked by the false taste, Gallicisms, and unnatural conceits which characterized the period of the restoration. It was only with the production of his first political satire that he developed his full powers and marked out a new path in which he had no rival. His bold sketches of character, wanting often in polish, but alive with individuality, have never been surpassed. From the death of Milton to his own death he was confessedly the first of the English poets; but we have too often cause for sorrow that the harmony of his verse, the happiness of his illustrations, and the brilliancy of his wit should be defiled by the coarseness of party rancor and the taint of a corrupt fancy. As a translator, Dryden's merits have been much discussed. He gave us the first good English version of the Æneid, but he could not reproduce the tenderness and quiet majesty of the Roman poet. In prose, he has left many specimens of strong, genuine English, mostly in the form of prefaces and dedications. Among the principal editions of his works are his dramas (6 vols. 12mo., London, 1718); miscellaneous works (4 vols. 8vo., London, 1760); prose works, edited by Malone (4 vols. 8vo., London, 1800); poems, edited by Warton (4 vols. 8vo., London, 1811), by Sanford (Philadelphia, 1819), and by Mitford (5 vols. 12mo., London, 1832; Boston, 1854); and a complete edition of all his writings, with notes and a memoir by Sir Walter Scott (18 vols. 8vo., Edinburgh, 1818). The

"Fables," ornamented with engravings after the designs of Lady Diana Beauclerc, were pub lished in folio (London, 1797). The life of Dryden has also been written by Dr. Johnson, and forms the most eloquent and discriminating of all the "Lives of the Poets." A brilliant essay on his life and writings, by Macaulay, will be found in No. xciii. of the "Edinburgh Review."

DRYING OILS. A number of vegetable oils, as linseed, nut, poppy seed, and some others, exhibit a strong tendency to absorb oxygen from the air, and, when exposed in thin layers, to dry into a resinous kind of varnish. The addition of a small quantity of oxide of lead greatly accelerates the process. These oils are consequently well suited for mixing with coloring matters to form paint for wood work. They impart no color of their own, and serve to bind and secure the color to the wood, which they also aid to protect by their resinous coat. The so-called greasy oils have no such tendency to dry by exposure, but on the contrary become rancid.

DUANE, WILLIAM, an American politician, and editor of the "Aurora" newspaper, born near Lake Champlain, N. Y., in 1760, died Nov. 24, 1835. At the age of 11 he was taken by his mother, then a widow and a Roman Catholic, to her native country, Ireland, and liberally educated; but his marriage at the age of 19 with a Presbyterian lady so offended his mother that she immediately dismissed him from home, and no reconciliation was ever effected. He learned the art of printing, and in 1784 went to seek his fortune in India. He rapidly amassed property, and became editor of an Indian journal, entitled the "World." Having taken sides against the local government in a dispute with some of its troops, he was seized and sent to England, and his large fortune was confiscated. Having in vain petitioned parliament and the East India company for redress, he began to devote himself to the periodical press of England, and became editor of the "General Advertiser," siding in politics with the party of Horne Tooke and others. In 1795 he returned to America, and became editor of the "Aurora," published at Philadelphia, which was made by his able management the most influential organ of the democratic party; so much so, that Jefferson attributed to its vigorous support his own election to the presidency. The change of the seat of government from Philadelphia to Washington caused the "Aurora" to decline in political importance. Duane retired from its editorship in 1822, and then travelled through the republics of South America, with whose struggles for independence he had long sympathized. On his return he published an account of these travels, and was appointed prothonotary of the supreme court of Pennsylvania for the eastern district, an office which he retained until his death. Mr. Duane served as an officer in the war of 1812, and published two works on military tactics, a "Military Dictionary" (Philadelphia, 1810), and a

"Handbook for Riflemen" (1813), which were for some time standard authorities.

DUBAN, FÉLIX LOUIS JACQUES, a French architect, born in Paris, Oct. 14, 1798. He studied under Debret, and having gained the first prize for architecture at the school of the fine arts, was enabled to spend several years in Italy. His first work of importance was the completion of the palais des beaux arts, in the execution of which he is charged with having sacrificed harmony of proportion and strength to a fondness for ornamentation. In 1845 he was employed in the restoration of the ancient chateau of Blois, and in 1848 received from government the appointment of architect of the Louvre, with the general direction of the restoration of a part of the building. The façade on the river side, and the Apollo gallery, have been restored from his plans.

DUBLIN, a maritime county of Ireland, province of Leinster, bounded N. and N. W. by Meath co., S. W. by Kildare, S. by Wicklow, E. by the Irish sea; greatest length from N. to S. 32 m., greatest breadth 18 m.; area, exclusive of Dublin city, 348 sq. m., or 222,709 acres, of which 196,063 are arable; pop. in 1851, exclusive of the capital, 146,631. It has a coast line, including windings, of 70 m., comprising the natural harbors of Dublin bay, Killiney, Malahide, Rogerstown, and Lough Shinney, with harbors constructed by art at Kingstown, Howth, and Balbriggan. The rivers are the Liffey, Tolka, Dodder, and Bray. The general character of the surface is level, but on the S. boundary rises a range of hills, culminating in the peak of Kippure at a height of 2,473 feet, and separating the county from Wicklow. Near these extend the Dublin mountains, the central group of which is 1,000 or 1,200 feet high; toward the N. are picturesque valleys and cultivated heights, and on the coast are many bold promontories. The geological formation is mostly mountain limestone, bounded S. by a ridge of excellent granite. The soil is shallow, and in general not well adapted to agriculture, but careful drainage and manuring have rendered much of it productive. The principal crops are wheat, oats, barley, rye, potatoes, and turnips; the total extent of land under crops in 1855 was 108,746 acres. Grazing and the fisheries_form important branches of industry. Lead and copper are mined to a small extent at Ballycorus. The manufactures are limited to stockings, cotton, and a few other fabrics. The channels of communication are the Grand and Royal canals from Dublin to the Shannon, and 4 railways radiating from the capital, viz.: the Dublin and Drogheda, the Great Southern and Western, the Midland Great Western, and the Dublin and Kingstown. The county returns two members to parliament.

DUBLIN, the capital of the above county and of Ireland, a municipal and parliamentary borough and seaport, at the head of Dublin bay, on both sides of the Liffey, lat. 53° 20′ 38′′ N., long. 6° 17′ 29′′ W., 292 m. W. N. W. from Lon

don, and 63 m. W. from Holyhead; pop. in 1841, 232,726; in 1851, 258,361; at the same rate of increase it would reach in 1859 about 280,000 souls. The Liffey is navigable to the centre of the city, which is divided into two nearly equal portions. Its entrance is obstructed by a sand bar, on which at low ebbs there is not more than 9 feet water, although in spring tides it has 24 feet. At the mouth of this river in Dublin bay lies the harbor, formed by 2 piers or breakwaters, one projecting E. into the bay S. of the river, the other running out from the shore beyond Clontarf, N. E. of the city, and nearly meeting the former at an angle of 45°. The area thus enclosed at high water spring tides is 3,030 acres, and by systematic dredging the channel has been so deepened as to admit vessels of 1,400 tons. The wharves and docks connected with the custom house are capable of accommodating 40,000 tons of shipping, and 100 vessels can discharge at other quays on the S. There is a lighthouse at the end of the S. breakwater, and in other parts of the bay there are two other lights. A harbor of refuge has been constructed at Kingstown. The registered shipping of the port in 1856 was 501 vessels, tonnage 41,700; the entrances were 6,928 vessels, tonnage 913,062; clearances 3,881 vessels, tonnage 635,651. The trade of Dublin is chiefly with the midland districts, which it supplies with tea, coffee, sugar, tobacco, timber, deals, wines, and other foreign products, and with the English markets, to which it exports cattle and agricultural produce. With the United States its commerce is small, and confined mostly to timber. It has but few manufactures, and those of trifling value. Iron casting, cabinet making, and manufactures of the minor articles of jewelry and apparel, are thriving, but not to such extent as to afford employment to even a fraction of the population. Formerly 40,000 hands were engaged in silk weaving, but of late years this manufacture has dwindled away till it has now but 200 looms. The beautiful specimens of Irish poplins which were exhibited at the fair of 1853, gave rise to a demand for those fabrics, which has since increased. The well-known Dublin porter is an important item in the trade of the city, and the exports of it during the year ending May 4, 1855, were 87,905 hogsheads, nearly being from the establishment of Guinness and co.-The modern part of Dublin is regularly built, without much architectural display, but with an appearance of substantiality and comfort. On the other hand, the lower part is occupied by filthy streets of wretched tenements, inhabited by a population as squalid as their dwellings. In hardly any other city are wealth and poverty in such close and marked contrast. The general aspect, however, to the stranger who follows the main thoroughfares, is very favorable. Generally speaking, the S. W. quarter is occupied by the poor, the N. W. by the middle classes, the S. E. and N. E. being the residence of the wealthy. The thickly populated part of the city has an extent of about 14 m. in each

direction, but with the remainder it covers a space of 23 by 2 m. It is well supplied with water, paved, and lighted with gas. Nine bridges, of which two are of iron, span the river, and an avenue called the Circular road, 9 m. long, encompasses the city. The public buildings are noted for their elegance. The bank of Ireland, in College green, was formerly used as the Irish parliament house. It is an extensive building, nearly semicircular in shape, with a fine Ionic colonnade. The apartment of the house of commons is now used as a teller's office, but the chamber of lords remains as when last used. Immediately opposite the bank is Trinity college, an imposing structure of the Corinthian order. It was founded under authority of Pope John XXII., closed in the time of Henry VIII., and reopened by Elizabeth, who incorporated it in 1592 as the college of the holy and undivided Trinity. It contains a small museum, and an extensive library, rich in ancient MSS. Trinity has a large faculty of professors, and at least 2,000 students. Two Roman Catholics were for the first time admitted to scholarships in 1856. The queen's university, incorporated by Queen Victoria in 1850, with power to confer degrees on students of the queen's colleges of Belfast, Cork, and Galway, holds the meetings of its senate at Dublin castle. The Roman Catholic university in Stephen's green was founded in 1854. Among the other literary and scientific institutions are the colleges of physicians and of surgeons, apothecaries' hall, and medical societies; the royal Dublin society, having museums of natural history and of agriculture, a botanic garden, a gallery of statues, a library numbering in 1857 over 30,000 volumes, a school of art attended by 484 students in 1857, and free lectures, attended by 22,036 persons in the same year; the royal Hibernian society of art, with an annual exhibition of paintings; the royal Irish academy of science, literature, and antiquities; the archæological society, society of engineers, mechanics' institute, statistical, geological, and zoological societies, with numerous other associations and reading societies, upward of 200 charity schools, and several libraries. An agricultural college, lately founded at Leopardstown, near Dublin, has a farm of 200 acres. The lectures in the recently established museum of Irish industry, with a government school of science applied to mining and the arts, were attended in 1857 by 6,416 persons, and the total number of visitors was 28,425. An act of parliament was passed, Aug. 10, 1854, to provide for the establishment of a national gallery of paintings, sculpture, and the fine arts," for the care of a public library, and the erection of a public museum; and the first stone of the new building was laid in Dublin, Jan. 29, 1859. It will form s northern wing to the premises of the royal Dublin society, its gallery end facing Merrion square, and the corresponding southern wing will be devoted to the new museum. Although entitled the national gallery, it is also intended as a testimonial in commemoration of Mr. William Dargan's ex

66

ertions in behalf of the great Dublin industrial exhibition of 1853. The probable cost of construction will be about £12,000. There were 28 newspapers and periodicals published in Dublin in 1858. The castle, the residence of the viceroy, stands on an elevation, but is not an imposing edifice. The Four Courts are a pile of building of Corinthian architecture, with a frontage on the Liffey of 500 feet, and occupied by the courts of queen's bench, chancery, exchequer, and common pleas. The custom house is altogether too extensive for the trade of the port; it is of the Doric order, and is surmounted by a cupola 125 feet in height. Other noticeable structures are the general post office, with an Ionic front, of considerable elegance; the city hall and exchange; commercial buildings, in which is the chamber of commerce; the queen's inns, linen hall, the weavers' hall, corn exchange, conciliation hall, the theatre, several barracks for constabulary and troops; Stephen's hospital for 300 patients; the Meath, city of Dublin, Sir Richard Dun's, and Richmond surgical hospitals, and royal hospital, designed by Sir Christopher Wren, for disabled soldiers; St. Patrick's hospital, erected from a legacy left by Dean Swift; lunatic asylums, infirmaries, foundling hospital, and a large number of benevolent institutions. Kilmainham, the county gaol, stands W. of the suburbs. Within the city are the Newgate, city and four courts, and marshalsea prisons, the bridewell, or house of correction, Smithfield penitentiary, penitentiary for females, and house of industry. Dublin is the seat of a Protestant and a Roman Catholic archbishopric, and has 2 cathedrals of the established church, those of St. Patrick and of the Holy Trinity, also called Christ's church, both of which are very ancient, and a modern Catholic cathedral. There are altogether about 75 churches, of which the established religion holds over 40, and the Catholics 9 or 10, beside 14 convents, and a house of the Jesuits. The cemeteries are: Goldenbridge for Roman Catholics; Prospect, 20 acres; Mount Jerome, 27 acres; Glasnevin, where O'Connell is buried. The "liberator's" friend has a tomb near him, with the epitaph "Honest Tom Steele." Curran is also buried here. Among the chief streets and public places of Dublin may be named Grafton street, passing into College green, in which is an equestrian statue of George III., and connecting by Carlisle bridge with Sackville street, where there is a column to the memory of Nelson; Dame street, containing many of the finest stores; St. Stephen's green, a square one mile in circumference, tastefully planted, and having a statue of George II.; College park, Fitzwilliam, Rutland, and Mountjoy squares. The celebrated Phoenix park comprises an area of 1,752 acres, and is the great resort of the people on gala days. A granite obelisk has been erected to Wellington on the left of the entrance. The Royal and Grand canals flank the city N. and S., and 4 railways open communication with Galway, Cork, Belfast, &c. Steam packets ply regularly to Holyhead, Liver

pool, London, Bristol, Cork, Glasgow, &c. The environs of Dublin are remarkably beautiful. The bay, esteemed one of the finest in the United Kingdom, is 7 m. wide at its entrance, between Howth head and Kingstown, and extends inland about the same distance, with a somewhat increased width. The civic government is vested in a lord mayor, 15 aldermen, and 45 councillors. The city sends two members to parliament, and Trinity college likewise two.-Dublin claims a high antiquity. Curious Celtic remains were found in 1856 within the town walls of ancient Dublin. It is the Eblana of Ptolemy; Irish Dubh-linn (black pool); Danish Dyflin, and Dyvelin. In the early part of the 9th century it was taken by the Danes. The records of the next 3 centuries are little else than a succession of bloody battles. In 1169 it was taken by the English under Strongbow, who died and is buried there. In 1205 the castle was built; in 1190, 1282, 1283, 1301, and 1304, the city was burned; in 1405 the citizens made a descent on Wales for Henry IV. During the first half of the 16th century it was troubled by the Kildare family, one of whom, Lord Thomas Fitzgerald, among other exploits, murdered the archbishop. During Richard Cromwell's feeble protectorate the city was seized by the cavaliers, recovered by the parliamentarians, and again captured by the partisans of the king. In 1798 a conspiracy to seize the city and castle was frustrated by the arrest of Lord Edward Fitzgerald and others. In 1803 occurred Emmet's insurrection. Swift and Burke were natives of Dublin.

DÜBNER, FRIEDRICH, a German philologian and critic, born in Hörselgau, Gotha, Dec. 21, 1802. In 1826 he was appointed professor in the gymnasium at Gotha, and during the 5 years that he held this position published philological articles in the periodicals, and especially made himself known by an edition of Justin. His principal studies, however, were upon the ancient comic authors, and he resigned his professorship in order to proceed to Italy to collate the original manuscripts. At this time he was invited by Didot to Paris to assist in preparing a new edition of Stephens's Thesaurus, a call which the valuable manuscripts contained in the Parisian libraries induced him to accept. He became employed upon the Bibliotheca Græca which Didot had undertaken, and his erudition gave to that splendid collection its completeness and scientific value. He alone contributed the critical editions of the Moralia of Plutarch, of Arrian, Maximus Tyrius, and Himerius, and the scholia to Aristophanes and Theocritus. He also took part in preparing the Parisian editions of St. Augustine and St. Chrysostom. Since 1842 he has published numerous school editions of the classics, and has been a frequent contributor to the Revue de philologie issued at Paris.

DUBOI, a town of Hindostan, in the province of Guzerat, district of Chumpaneer, 40 m. N. E. of Baroach; lat. 22° 8' N., long. 73° 25′ E. It is surrounded by fortifications nearly 3 miles in circuit, and occupies the site of an ancient