tory countries, then it shall be the one which shall fix the shortest term of protection.

ART. 8. Any work that did not obtain its literary property from the beginning shall not acquire the same in its subsequent editions.

ART. 9. Authorized translations shall be protected in the same manner as original works.

The translators of works in which there is no guaranteed property or in which the same has expired, shall have the right to obtain — in so far as the translations thereof are concerned the right of property specified in article 3, but they shall not be able to prevent the publication of other translations of the work.

ART. 10. The speeches delivered or read in deliberating assemblies, before the courts of justice, or in puble meetings may be published in the newspapers without any authorization whatever, this right being subject to the provisions of the internal laws of each State concerning the matter.

ART. 11. Literary, scientific, or artistic works, whatever may be the subject thereof, published in newspapers or reviews of any of the countries of the Union, shall not be reproduced in the other countries without the previous consent of the authors. With the exception of the aforesaid works, any newspaper article may be reproduced by others, if this has not been expressly prohibited, and, in any event, the source from which said article has been obtained should be duly cited.

Such miscellaneous newspaper news which represent merely press reports shall not enjoy the protection of this convention.

ART. 12. The reproduction of fragments of literary or artistic works in publications for educational purposes or chrestomathy, does not confer any right of property, and, consequently, can be made freely in all the signatory countries.

ART. 13. For the purposes of civil responsibility indirect appropriations, not authorized, of a literary or artistic work not representing the character of the original work, shall be considered unlawful reproductions.

The reproduction, in whatever form, of an entire work or of the greater part thereof, accompanied by notes or comments, on the pretext of literary criticism, or as extension or complement of said work, shall also be considered as unlawful.

ART. 14. Every plagiarized work may be seized in the signatory countries wherein the original work has a right to be legally protected, this right being without prejudice to such indemnities or punishment as the

plagiarists may incur, in accordance with the laws of the country where the fraud has been committed.

ART. 15. Each of the Governments of the signatory countries shall preserve the right to permit, guard, or prohibit the circulation, representation, or exhibition of such works or reproductions concerning which its constituted authorities would have to exercise the aforesaid right.

ART. 16. The present convention shall commence to be in force among such signatory States as ratify the same, three months after its ratification shall be communicated to the Argentine Government and shall remain in force among all of them until a year after the date of denouncement.

This denouncement shall be communicated to the Argentine Government and shall have no effect except with regard to the country making the same.

RESOLUTION (August 11, 1910).

(Proposed convention for the reorganization of the Pan American Union.) The Fourth International American Conference, assembled in Buenos Aires, resolves:

Whereas a proposal has been submitted to the consideration of the conference for the permanent organization of the Pan American Union by a convention, be it resolved:

To recommend to the Governments of the American Republics the consideration of the expediency of securing the further development and permanent existence of the Pan American Union, by means of a convention in accordance with the following proposed bases:

PROPOSED CONVENTION.

The Governments of the United States of America, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Salvador, Uruguay, and Venezuela, desirious of establishing on a permanent basis the Pan American Union created by the First International Conference of American States and confirmed by the Second, Third, and Fourth Conferences, hereby resolve to conclude. a convention, and to that effect have appointed their respective plenipotentiaries as follows: who, after having communicated to each other their respective powers, found to be in good and due form, have agreed upon the following articles:

ARTICLE I. The Union of the American Republics constituted by the signatory States hereby agrees to maintain, under the name of "Pan American Union," the institution serving as its agent and having its seat in the building of the American Republics in the city of Washington.

ART. II. The purposes of the Pan American Union are as follows: (1) To compile and distribute information and reports concerning the commercial, industrial, agricultural, and educational conditions of the American countries and their general progress.

(2) To compile and classify information respecting the treaties and conventions between the American Republics, and between these and other States, and respecting their legislation in force.

(3) To assist in the development of commercial and intellectual relations between the American Republics, and in their more intimate mutual acquaintance.

(4) To act as a permanent committee of the International American Conferences; to keep their records; to assist in obtaining the ratification of the resolutions and conventions adopted; to consider or recommend topics to be included in the programme of the next conference; to transmit these to the different Governments of the Union at least six months before the date of meeting of the next conference; and to prepare the programme and regulations for each succeeding conference.

(5) To submit to the several Governments, three months before the meeting of each conference, a report on the work of the institution since the adjournment of the last conference, and also special reports on every topic the consideration of which has been referred to it.

(6) To discharge any other duties that the conferences or the governing board may direct.

ART. III. There shall be at the capital of each of the Republics of this Union a Pan American Committee, responsible to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, consisting, if possible, of persons who have been delegates to some International American Conference, their duties being:

(a) To obtain the approval of the resolutions adopted by these conferences.

(b) To furnish promptly to the Pan American Union all the accurate data needed for the preparation of its work.

(c) To submit on its own initiative any projects that it may deem proper to foster the interests of the Union, and to exercise such further functions to the same ends as the respective Governments may deem proper.

ART. IV. The control of the Pan American Union is vested in the governing board, consisting of the diplomatic representatives of all the other American Governments accredited to the Government of Washington, and the Secretary of State of the United States, upon whom the American Republics have conferred the chairmanship of the governing board.

In the absence of the Secretary of State of the United States, the meetings of the governing board shall be presided over by one of the diplomatic representatives in Washington, then present, by order of rank and seniority, and with the title of vice-chairman.

Any American Government having no diplomatic representative in Washington may vest its representation on the governing board in any other member of the board, and in this case such representative shall have a vote for each country represented.

The governing board shall hold regular monthly meetings, excepting in June, July, and August, and such special meetings as the chairman may call, on his own initiative or at the request of two members of the board.

The attendance of five members at any regular or special meeting shall be sufficient to permit the board to proceed with the transaction of business.

ART. V. The Director-General of the Pan American Union shall submit, at the regular meeting in November, a detailed budget of the expenses for the following year. This budget, after approval by the governing board, chall be transmitted to the various signatory Governments with a statement of the annual quotas which they are to contribute, in proportion to the population of each country, these quotas to be paid by each Government into the treasury of the Pan American Union not later than the first of July.

The governing board shall appoint a committee from among its members, to examine, upon such dates as the board may direct, the accounts of the Union, as determined by the regulations.

ART. VI. The governing board shall appoint:

A Director-General, who shall have charge of the administration of the Pan American Union and the power to promote its efficient development in accordance with the present statutes, the regulations, and resolutions of the governing board, to which he is responsible.

An assistant director, who shall also discharge the duties of secretary of the board.

The other personnel and all matters pertaining thereto shall be determined by the regulations.

The Director-General shall prepare, with the approval of the board, the internal regulations of the several departments of the Pan American Union.

ART. VII. The Pan American Union shall publish a monthly Bulletin, devoted to the first three sections of Article II of this convention, and any other works that the governing board may direct. In order to insure the greatest possible accuracy in these publications, each of the signatory States shall transmit directly to the institution two copies of all official documents or publications relating to the purposes of the Union.

All correspondence and publications of the Union shall be carried free of charge by the mails of the American Republics.

ART. VIII. The Pan American Union shall be governed by the regulations prepared by the governing board in accordance with these bases. ART. IX. The adherence of the American nations to the foregoing convention shall be transmitted to the Secretary of State of the United States of America, who in turn shall formally notify each of the signatory Governments of such ratification.

In case one of the Governments should desire to denounce the foregoing convention, it may do so by formally notifying the Secretary of State of the United States of America two years in advance. The Secretary of State of the United States of America shall transmit such notification to the Governments of the Union and to the governing board. Any of the signatory Governments having denounced the foregoing convention may again become a party thereto in the manner indicated.

In witness whereof, the aforesaid plenipotentiaries have signed and sealed the foregoing convention.

CONVENTION (August 11, 1910).

(Pecuniary claims.)

The Fourth International Conference, assembled in Buenos Aires, resolves :

ARTICLE 1. The high contracting parties bind themselves to submit. to arbitration all claims for such pecuniary damages and losses as may be presented by their respective citizens and which can not be settled in a