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day it blew a strong gale from the eastward. I regretted this much, as it was my intention to make full experiments on the deep temperature and the velocity of the current in the Stream; but the roughness of the sea and violence of the wind prevented it. The close proximity to our port also, and the increasing impatience of all on board to reach their homes, forbade all unnecessary delay. The experiments we did make gave a difference of three degrees of temperature, between the surface and one hundred fathoms depth. The highest temperature of the surface experienced while crossing the Stream was 79°; when we entered, it was 77°. We were seven hours in crossing it, and found, as in our first passage, that the inner edge was the warmest. During the next half hour after leaving the Gulf Stream, the surface temperature fell twelve degrees, and so continued until we got on soundings, when it rose again some three or four degrees. The morning of the 9th was foggy, which rather tried our patience, but by firing guns we attracted the attention of the pilot-boats, and on the fog clearing away a little, discovered one close to us. A pilot now boarded and took charge of the ship, and at noon on the 10th of June, 1842, anchored us off Sandy Hook, where a steamer came alongside soon afterwards, and took us in tow. After stopping half an hour at the quarantine ground, to receive the visit of the health officer, we held our course towards the city of New York.

Before I left the Vincennes off the Battery, the crew were called to muster, when I expressed to them my thanks for the manner in which they had conducted themselves during the cruise, and stated the confident belief entertained by me, that they would receive from the government such rewards as the successful performance of the cruise, and their long and perilous services, entitled them to. A national salute was then fired, and my pennant hauled down; the command of the ship being given to Captain Hudson, who proceeded with her to the navy-yard. As soon as she was safely moored, all the men who could be spared were allowed to go on shore, with their bags and hammocks. A happier set of fellows than they were is not often to be met with ; being relieved from their long confinement on shipboard, and the severe discipline of a man-of-war.

Those who have perused this full narrative of the events of the Expedition, I confidently believe, will absolve me from all the charges so industriously circulated against me, relative to the manner in which I had conducted the Expedition; at the same time they will see what meed of honour or reward is justly due to the officers and crews who faithfully served out the cruise. All of the former, and many of the

latter, are still to be found on the rolls of the navy, and to them, I trust that the applause of a grateful country has been only delayed, not wholly lost.

On our arrival home, the health of the prisoner Vendovi had so far declined, that it was necessary to place him in the Naval Hospital at New York. Every attention was paid him there, but very soon afterward he expired.

The Porpoise and Oregon had, in the mean time, proceeded to Rio Janeiro, where they executed their instructions, and having obtained the necessary supplies, sailed for the United States. After leaving the equator, their route differed but little from that pursued by the Vincennes.

In their deep-sea soundings they found the same low temperatures that we had noticed; and in crossing the Gulf Stream, the difference of temperature between the surface and at one hundred fathoms was but five degrees. Both vessels arrived at New York within a few days of each other, and their crews were discharged in the same manner as that of the Vincennes.

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CHAPTER XII.

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CONTENTS.

CONNEXION OF THE SUBJECTS - OPPORTUNITIES AND MEANS OF OBSERVING CURRENTS DISTINCTION BETWEEN STREAMS AND CURRENTS CURRENTS OF THE NORTH ATLANTIC-LABRADOR STREAM-GULF STREAM-RENNELL CURRENT-SUBMARINE POLAR STREAMS-GUINEA STREAM — EQUATORIAL STREAM-RECAPITULATION-SARGASSO SEA - STREAMS OF THE SOUTH ATLANTIC — BRAZIL STREAM PATAGONIAN STREAM-SOUTH AFRICAN STREAM-PHENOMENA OF THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF ST. HELENA-POLAR STREAM OFF CAPE HORN-ITS LOW SUBMARINE TEMPERATURE-CHILI STREAM-PHENOMENA AT THE GALLIPAGOS ISLANDS-INDI. CATION OF SUBMARINE POLAR STREAMS-PHENOMENA AT THE SOCIETY ISLANDS— AT THE SAMOAN GROUP AT THE FEEJEE GROUP-AUSTRALIAN STREAM-SOUTHERN POLAR STREAM-NEW ZEALAND CURRENTS - CURRENTS BETWEEN TONGA AND FEEJEE-SUDDEN RUSH OF WATERS ON THE POLYNESIAN ISLANDS-SPACE OF VERY ELEVATED TEMPERATURE-PACIFIC EQUATORIAL STREAMS-PHENOMENA OF THE SANDWICH ISLANDS-STREAMS OF THE NORTHWEST COAST-JAPAN STREAM-CUR. RENTS OF THE CHINA SEAS-OF THE EAST COAST OF AFRICA - — EQUATORIAL STREAM OF THE INDIAN OCEAN-CURRENTS OF THE MALABAR COAST, CHAGOS, AND COMORRQ ISLANDS-STREAMS OF THE MOZAMBIQUE CHANNEL-EQUATORIAL STREAM OF THE SOUTH ATLANTIC-GENERAL VIEW OF THE FACTS- ZONES OF CALMS AND STILL WATERS-SUGGESTIONS IN RELATION TO THE THEORY OF CURRENTS CONNEXION OF THE OCEAN STREAMS WITH THE MIGRATIONS OF THE SPERM WHALE-IMPORTANCE AND EXTENT OF THE WHALING INTEREST-CRUISING. GROUNDS OF SPERM WHALERS-IN THE PACIFIC-IN THE ATLANTIC-IN THE INDIAN OCEAN-DIRECTIONS FOR WHALING IN THE PACIFIC-RELATIVE TO THE DECREASE OF WHALES-RIGHT WHALE FISHERY-DEPRAVED CHARACTER OF THE NEW ZEA. LAND AND AUSTRALIAN WHALERS-CASE OF THE AMERICAN WHALE-SHIP ADELINE RIGHT WHALE FISHERY IN HIGH LATITUDES - EXCITEMENT OF THE FISHERY SLAUGHTER AND TREATMENT OF THE PRODUCTS - PROFITS OF THE BUSINESS FREQUENCY OF DISPUTES BETWEEN THE MASTERS AND CREWS- REMEDIES SUG. GESTED-PROPOSAL FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF THE MORALS AND CONDITION OF гHF CREWS.

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