should be made except upon the recommendation of the Inspector of Small-Arms Practice, who is supposed to know the needs of every range, and where the money can be spent to best advantage. Any money expended on a range should be on such lines as include its future usefulness and enlargement. The Inspector of Small-Arms Practice should have general supervision over all range construction work, and in performing this duty he should have on hand complete drawings of every range in the Department. The drawings should show the present condition of the ranges and the proposed improvements therefor, if any. The latter feature should be approved by the Commanding General and thereafter every expenditure on any range should be made on the lines indicated in the scheme of improvement as shown on the plan―i. e. a standard plan for the ultimate improvement on each range should be made and thereafter always adhered to. This method will prevent diversity of opinion from destroying good work done in the past just to make changes prompted by personal views; for such action, if constantly permitted, would hamper and even prevent the eventual enlargement and completion of the range.

3 The Statistical Officer of the Department. This part of the duties of an Inspector of Small-Arms Practice is most exacting. It requires the examination of all target reports to see (a) if the practice has been conducted as prescribed by regulations, (b) if the re ports have been properly rendered and if the figuring and the percentage have been correctly computed, and (c) if the classifications, etc., are in accordance with regulations. This last matter is very important and must be carefully considered, as these classifications constitute a claim for pay against the Government.

All classifications above first class should be announced in orders as soon as practicable after the examination of the reports.

The Inspector of Small-Arms Practice should always keep on hand sufficient insignia to supply promptly those entitled thereto, as delay causes discontent. These insignia should be presented with military ceremony and when practicable by the Commanding General in person during his tours of inspection. This feature adds zest, dignity and incentive to the honor.

The Inspector of Small-Arms Practice is charged with the duty of compiling all organization reports into the annual departmental report. The regulations regarding computing percentage, etc., should

be carefully studied and the work done with the greatest pains and accuracy, as it is a matter that affects the Army standing of the organizations concerned.

The annual report of the Inspector of Small-Arms Practice should contain suggestions and recommendations on the target system, and also an estimate for funds for the next fiscal year for repairs to shooting galleries and target ranges.

4 The Commanding General's Adviser and Representative on All Matters Pertaining to the Annual Small-Arms Competition. This work entails all the details necessary for the success of the Competition, some of which details are:

(a) The selection of a range upon which to hold the shoot, which has sufficient facilities for the firing feature and for the camping of the competitors. If practicable, a range near some point of interest should be selected, so as to add this incentive to the men who have worked for places at the shoot.

(b) The officers who are to act as the officials of the Competition should be selected from men known to be interested in this kind of work and well versed in the regulations pertaining thereto― efficiency and justice are most essential to the success of a Competition.

The following officials are generally needed:

1 An "Officer in Charge," who should be a man of some rank, and of experience, good, quick judgment and more invariable than variable in his opinions.

2 An Adjutant and Statistical Officer-a man who is energetic and thorough; accurate and quick with figures; well acquainted with the Small-Arms Firing Manual; affable and not irritable.

3 A Chief Range Officer, who should be a man of experience, with especial knowledge of how to conduct the firing.

4 The other officials are less important and include all the necessary staff officers for any camp, and also a sufficient number of assistant range officers-generally one to each target.

The enlisted detail is important. The Statistical Officer usually needs about five good clerks, one being a good typewriter.

There should be two noncommissioned officers for each target (one to act as marker and the other scorer), and also two privates to manipulate the target.

nition.

A Signal Corps man is needed to look after the telephones.
There should be an ordnance sergeant to look after the ammu-

If a camp mess is run, the necessary cooks must be detailed. It is the duty of the Inspector of Small-Arms Practice to see that sufficient ordnance supplies are sent to the place of competition, such supplies being invoiced to the post ordnance officer. He should also furnish the Statistical Officer the blank forms for the report of the competition (both rifle and pistol), all necessary stationery, a mimeograph (Neostyle is preferable), the programs, and an official list of the competitions.

He should also secure from the Ordnance Department the necessary medals and have them in time to be presented to the successful competitors at the close of the Competition.

For paragraphs in the Army Regulations, War Department Orders, etc., affecting Inspectors of Small-Arms Practice, see Supplement, Chap. XXVI.

CHAPTER XXVII

THE SURVEYING OFFICER

(See corresponding chapter in SUPPLEMENT for additional matter and changes, if any.)

There is so much in the Army Regulations and in War Department orders that pertains to surveying officers, all of which is subject to change, that it is considered best to confine the treatment of the matter to the Supplement. See Supplement, Chap. XXVII.

CHAPTER XXVIII

MILITARY ATTACHÉS

(See corresponding chapter in SUPPLEMENT for additional matter and changes, if any.) The proper performance of the duty of MILITARY ATTACHÉ, like the proper performance of any other duty, requires work and attention to business.

REQUISITES OF A SUCCESSFUL MILITARY ATTACHÉ

Good address, intelligence, tact and industry; knowledge of the language of the country where he is stationed, especially a speaking knowledge, and a sufficient income to live in a fitting manner and associate with his fellows of the diplomatic corps, in a (European) capital.

Officers who have had experience as Military Attachés say a bachelor attached to an embassy should have an annual income of four to eight thousand dollars, and married men should have twice that amount. At most of our legations something less than this would suffice.

GENERAL DUTIES

In general, it may be said the duties of a Military Attaché consist in collecting whatever information would be useful, directly or indirectly (to our General Staff), concerning the country where he is stationed; organization, improvements in weapons, inventions, all new ideas and old ones not yet familiar to us. Some of his reports are in answer to questions from his chief, but his most useful ones will generally be original. A good Military Attaché usually finds his own work.

When an officer is appointed Military Attaché he receives a memorandum of instructions from the War Department regarding the nature of his duties, reports to be rendered, etc. He is at the same time designated as a special disbursing agent, Pay Department, and may thus pay himself while abroad. However, whether or not he takes funds and acts as a disbursing officer, is optional. If he does not choose to act as a disbursing officer, he may arrange as follows about his pay: Under the provisions of Par. 1282, A. R., 1910, arrange with the Paymaster General to deposit your pay from month to month to your credit with some bank in the United States; upon reaching your post of duty, get the ambassador or minister to introduce you at some bank and have your personal checks on your bank in the United States cashed there, the same as you would in the States.

While his first duty is the acquirement of professional and technical information, a Military Attaché is also expected to familiarize himself as quickly as possible with the court etiquette and social usages of his post. A thorough knowledge of these will be of the greatest value to him in all his relations with local officials, with the diplomatic corps (of which he is a member) and with influential individuals.

Many calls are made on Military Attachés by officers of our Army for information relating to the country to which the Attachés are assigned. However, experience has shown that much trouble and annoyance are avoided if no such requests are complied with unless forwarded through the proper channels.

RELATIONS (SOCIAL AND OFFICIAL) TO THE AMBASSADOR OR MINISTER

He is a member of the Ambassador's official family, directly responsible to him for his conduct, though his reports do not go through him.

He must comply with such instructions as the Ambassador may give him, but should the duties thus assigned him conflict with those assigned by the War Department, or should friction or strained relations arise, the Attaché should report the matter to the War Department immediately, and ask to be recalled. In fact, a Military Attaché, who, for any reason is not on good terms with his Ambassador or Minister, should ask to be relieved.

CALLS, ETC., TO BE MADE UPON REPORTING FOR DUTY

No rule can be laid down, as customs vary in various countries. A new Attaché should have all this from his predecessor, or from a member of the embassy (generally the Senior Secretary), or from the dean of his own body, or if all these fail him, from an officer of the army of the country to which he is accredited.

It is perhaps regrettable that so much time must be consumed in calling, but the mandates of society in this respect are imperative.

STATIONERY (LETTERHEADS, ETC.)

This depends somewhat on the country. Sometimes it is in English, sometimes in French. The Military Attaché usually has his letter headed, for instance: