There were tears in his eyes, and I knew I could trust him; he was no more of a Bolshevik at heart than I was, but his life depended on his allegiance to its leaders. About three o'clock the next afternoon two men, accompanied by the perspiring Hungarian minister, entered carrying a clothes basket, covered with a cloth. For two hours my assistants checked pounds British and Turkish, French francs, Italian lire, to say nothing of marks and crowns, and with the whole topped with $90,000 in crisp one thousand dollar bills of the vintage of Uncle Sam. That night they rested in our name in the vault of the Vienna Bank Verein. A trade had been closed with the packers' agent and three train loads of fats ordered to be made ready for immediate shipment to Budapest on receipt of a wire from me. AT THE CRISIS BUDAPEST HOLDS ITS BREATH T THE same time things were happening, with breath-taking rapidity in Budapest. Friends of the active revolutionists in the Bolshevist cabinet had called a great soviet meeting for six o'clock that night, and when this meeting convened Agoston, one of our most eloquent labor leaders, was the presiding officer. All that afternoon word had swiftly passed among the few that Bela Kun was doomed and that something startling was afoot. Official Budapest was aflame with suppressed excitement within the Inner Circle. No one knew what to expect, no one knew whom to trust, no one dared express an opinion or voice a sentiment. Inside the great assemblage hall the delegates and as many of the public as could squeeze in sat fidgeting and panting with the suspense. Some trivial matter was brought up for discussion. No one listened. This was only the preliminary to a clash and they all knew it. EXIT THE VILLAIN BELA KUN DECAMPS, BUDAPEST REJOICES ELA KUN, quick to see that the tide was turning, left the hall. He found the palace surrounded by the White Guards, the military organization of the iron workers, the greatest single labor element of Hungary, that had been broken up and dispersed when he came into power and many of the leaders of which had been ruthlessly slaughtered by Samueli, his official murderer. It was this same Samueli who joined Bela Kun in the flight that followed. They escaped somehow and fled for the border, leaving behind them all their dreams and hopes and looking forward only to an almost certain arrest and punishment. As they crossed the boundary at Wiener-Neustadt, Samueli gave way under the strain and, saving others the task, killed himself. Behind them the conspiracy had been immediately consummated. Very quietly Agoston had announced to the great assembly that the Bela Kun Government had fallen, that Bolshevism was a thing of the past in Hungary, and that a new coalition government, exercising temporary dictatorial powers, had been set up. He read the list of cabinet appointments; he himself was to be Prime Minister; Haubricht Minister of War; Gerami and other leaders were to have the remaining portfolios. Poor Boehm, the weak, vain man whom he had used at the first to lead off the movement, was not mentioned; they had employed him when he was useful and discarded him when they were through; I never heard of him again! Meanwhile pandemonium had broken loose in the assemblage. These men and the others with him were strong and popular; the people felt that at last Hungary was to have her "place in the sun" under them. The pledge of the Allies was read. It was cheered vociferously. He ously. Budapest was turned into a carnival city that night. But the next morning they remembered their hunger. Would the Allies be prompt in living up to their pronouncement, and especially to Article V which guaranteed the people food? The question went from lip to lip. There was no food in the capital-very little anywhere in Hungary. If those desperately needed supplies were not forthcoming, Agoston and his advisers knew that they could not hold the people. Suddenly Bela Kun entered. It was apparent to all that he was under a severe strain. He harangued the crowd with a brilliant appeal for confidence and with glowing promises for the immediate future, and he held them quiet, for he was a real orator. But he did not move them. They were waiting for something else, though they did not know what. Agoston rose and, with a power and firmness that all subconsciously acknowledged, told of the betrayal of labor by the communists and declared that labor would purge itself and cast them out. THE CLIMAX CAR-LOADS OF FOOD ROLL INTO HUNGARY AND then came the climax to which I referred above, that gave almost a theatrical "curtain" to this play. At ten o'clock that morning supply trains, loaded to the guards, and coming from every direction, began to roll into Hungary; within a few hours the people were eating the bread and the fats that the Bolsheviki, all unknowing, and certainly never conscious of the irony of the situation, had bought through me with money they had stolen from the banks of Budapest! Alas, that there should have been an anticlimax, but there was! THE ANTI-CLIMAX ENTER THE HAPSBURGS EXIT THE HEROES I HAD found it necessary to go to Buchs to meet Mr. Hoover on his first trip through our territory; at that place I received the disheartening and maddening news that the old Hapsburg monarchists had taken advantage of the conditions of confusion following the change of government; they had waited only a few days until a Rumanian army had entered Budapest, and thereupon had ousted the labor democrats, arrested Agoston and Haubricht and clapped them into jail, and elevated to the dictatorship Archduke Joseph, a Hapsburg! That Rumanian entrance is again indicative of the intense nationalism of those central European states. Hating Hungary with an ancient and bitter hatred Rumania had struck the moment Bela Kun fell and before Agoston and Haubricht could fully organize and mobilize the White army. The Reds had gone to pieces on the eastern front and, unopposed and without excuse, the Rumanians had sent a small army into the capital. The remnants of the Hapsburg family, with Rumanian assistance, had seized the moment and the situation as an excuse and had walked into power. Not while I could have a word to say, at any rate! My wires to Mr. Hoover tumbled over one another, the moment he had reached Paris from his trip. He went to work at once. I can imagine him drilling the members of the Supreme Council with those piercing eyes of his and demanding clear statesmanship in this critical moment. He was appealing for Hungarian workmen who had fought for civilization against the Reds, only to be thrown out and now sent into hiding before the vengeance of a wretched royalist. wretched royalist. Prince Borghesi of our mission, answered my wire to him telling him of the crisis with a laconic, "Coming," and flew at night by airplane from Vienna to Pest, and was ready early the next morning to join me in my efforts. The first thing that we did was to demand peremptorily the quick release of Agoston and Haubricht, and our demand, for some reason or other, was that day complied with. The next thing was to exert all the moral force at our command to oust the Hapsburg scion from the dictator's throne. We were not in so weak a position as might be assumed. Hungaryas a whole did not want a Hapsburg ruler; the people were keen enough to see that the Allies would not tolerate one for very long. I wired Mr. Hoover, in a code improvised at the moment: ARCHIE ON THE CARPET AT FOUR O'CLOCK, HE LEFT IN HIGH DUDGEON. THIS IS ONE OF THE GREATEST DIPLOMATIC CIRCUSES NOW PERFORMING IN EUROPE. NEW CABINET BEING FORMED THIS AFTERNOON; EXPECT TO SEE ARCHIE LEAPING THROUGH THE RING TO-MORROW, THUS FITTINGLY CELEBRATING THE CLOSE OF THE RELIEF ADMINISTRATION IN CENTRAL EUROPE. NOW IS A GOOD TIME TO GET OUT AND STAY OUT. He caught my meaning; he re-doubled his efforts in Paris. Certain representations were made to Budapest by the governments in the Paris council. There was a meeting of the ministry of Hungary called. The tension grew once more. Again the people expected big events, though ignorant of what their nature would be. At eight o'clock that night a coalition government was again organized; Archduke Joseph retired; I hurried to my headquarters and sent Mr. Hoover this-one of my last messages from my post: ARCHIE WENT THROUGH THE HOOP AT EIGHT P. M. THUS ENDETH THE SECOND LESSON. LET US PRAY THAT THEY WILL FIND A MOSES TO LEAD THEM OUT OF THE WILDERNESS. LIFE WITH THE TRAPPERS IN CANADA An Artist's Account of the Every Day Life of the North- BY ARTHUR HEMING Mr. Heming, a Canadian artist, has spent nearly forty years in the wilds of Canada, living with the Indians, crossing their country, painting, and learning from the hunters and trappers many of the fine points of their work. This article, taken from the manuscript of a book recently completed by Mr. Heming, describes life in the winter woods in company with an Indian named Oo-koo-hoo (the Owl) and his family, and retells several stories of happenings in the Strong-Woods Country. This authentic account may be found to be often at variance with generally accepted ideas of life in the Canadian woods.-THE EDITORS. WE HEN tracking their sixfathom canoes, or "York boats" or "sturgeon scows," the voyageurs of the north brigades use very long lines, one end of which is attached to the bow of the craft while to the other end is secured a leather harness of breast straps called otapanapi into which each hauler adjusts himself. Thus, while the majority of the crew land upon the shore and, so harnessed, walk off briskly in single file along the river bank, their mates aboard endeavor, with the aid of either paddles, sweeps, or poles, to keep the craft in a safe channel. In the present instance we had to resort to tracking, but it was of a light character, for the canoes were not too heavily loaded, nor was the current too strong for us to make fair headway along the rough, pathless bank of the wild little stream. In each canoe one person remained aboard to hold the bow off shore with a paddle or pole, while the others scrambled along the river bank, either to help haul upon a line, or, in the case of the younger children and the dogs, simply to walk in order to relieve the craft of their weight and also for safety's sake, should the canoe overturn. The greatest danger is for the steersman to lose control and allow the canoe to get out of line with the current, as the least headway in a wrong direction is apt to capsize it. But before we had ascended half the length of the rapids we encountered the usual troubles that overtake the tracker-those of clearing our lines of trees and bushes, slipping into the muck of small inlets, stumbling over stones, cutting the lines upon sharp rocks, or having them caught by gnarled roots or drift wood. As we approached the last lap of white water, the canoes passed through a rocky basin that held a thirty or forty yard section of the river in a slack and unruffled pool. While ascending this last section, the last canoe, the one in which the Owl's old grandmother was wielding the paddle, broke away from Oo-koo-hoo, the strain severing his well-worn line, and away grandmother went, racing backward down through the turbulent foam. With her usual presence of mind she exercised such skill in guiding her canoe that it never for a moment swerved out of the true line of the current, and thus she saved herself and all her precious cargo. Then, the moment she struck slack water, she, in with her paddle and out with her pole, stood up in her unsteady craft, bent her powerful old frame, and her pipe still clenched between her ancient teeth-with all her might and main she actually poled her canoe right up to the very head of the rapids, and came safely ashore. It was thrilling to watch her-for we could render no aid and when she landed we hailed her with approval for her courage, strength, and skill; but grandmother was annoyed-her pipe was out. WHILE DETAINING A BEAR WHILE we rested a few minutes, the women espied in a little springy dell some unusually fine moss, which they at once began to gather. Indian women dry it and use it in a number of ways, especially for packing about the little naked bodies of their babies when lacing them to their cradle boards. The incident, however, reminds me of what once happened to an Indian woman and her eight year old daughter when they were gathering moss about a mile from their camp on the shore of Great Slave Lake. They were working in a muskeg, and the mother, observing a clump of gnarled spruces a little way off, sent her daughter there to see if there were any berries. Instead of fruit the child found a nice round hole that led into a cavern beneath the roots of the trees that stood upon the little knoll; and she called to her mother to come and see it. On kneeling down and peering within, the mother discovered a bear inside, and instantly turning about, hauled up her skirt and sat down in such a way that her figure completely blocked the hole and shut out all light. Then she despatched her child on the run for camp, to tell father to come immediately with his gun and shoot the bear. To one who is not versed in woodcraft, such an act displays remarkable bravery, but to an Indian woman it meant no such thing, it was merely the outcome of her knowledge of bears, for she well knew that as long as all light was blocked from the hole the bear would lie still. But perhaps you wonder why she pulled up her skirt. To prevent it from being soiled or torn? No, that was not the reason. Again it was her knowledge of bears that prompted her, for she knew that if by any strange chance the bear did move about in the dark, and if he did happen to touch her bare figure-for Indian ladies never wear lingerie-the bear would have been so mystified on encountering a living thing in the dark, that he would make never another move until light solved the mystery. However, father came with a rush, and shot the bear, and the brute was a big one, too. During the rest of the afternoon we found the current quite slack and therefore, making better headway, we gained the lake. Bear Lake was beautiful. Its shores were fringed here and there with marshy reeds or sandy beaches; and its rivulets, flowing in and out, connected it with other meres in other regions. At dawn moose and caribou came hither to drink; bears roamed its surrounding slopes; lynxes, foxes, fishers, martens, ermines, and minks lived in its bordering woods. Otters, muskrats, and beavers swam its inrushing creeks; wolverines prowled its rocky glens, and nightly concerts of howling wolves echoed along its shores. The eagles and the hawks built their nests in its towering trees, while the cranes fished and the ruffed grouse drummed. Nightly, too, the owls and the loons hooted and laughed at the quacking ducks and the honking geese as they flew swiftly by in the light of the moon. Salmon, trout, whitefish, pike, and pickerel rippled its placid waters, and brooktrout leaped above the shimmering pools of its crystal streams. It was Oo-koo-hoo's happiest hunting ground, and truly it was a hunter's paradise, a poet's heaven, an artist's home. 'What fools we mortals be!"-when we live in the city! The site chosen for the lodges was on one of two points jutting into the lake, separated by the waters of Muskrat Creek. On its northwest side ran a heavily timbered ridge that broke the force of the winter winds from the west and north, and thus protected Oo-koohoo's camp, which stood on the southeast side of the little stream. Such a site in such a region afforded wood, water, fruit, fish, fowl, and game; and, moreover, an enchanting view of the surrounding country. Furthermore, that section of the Owl's game-lands had not been hunted for forty-two moons. Immediately after dinner the men began cutting lodge poles, while the women cleared the tepee sites and levelled the ground. On asking Oo-koo-hoo how many poles would be required for the canvas lodge which he had kindly offered me the use of for the coming winter, he replied: "My son, cut a pole for every moon, and cut them thirteen feet in length, and the base of the tepee, too, should be thirteen feet across." Then looking at me with his small, shrewd, but pleasant eyes, he added: "Thirteen is our lucky number. It always brings good fortune. Besides, most canoes are made of thirteen pieces, and when we kill big game, we always cut the carcasses into thirteen parts. My son, when I have time I shall carve a different symbol upon each of the thirteen poles of your lodge; they shall represent the thirteen moons of the year, and thus they will enable you to keep track of the phase of the season through which you are passing." All the poles were of green pine or spruce. The thin ends of three of the stoutest were lashed together so that they formed a tripod against which the other poles were leaned, while their butts, placed in a circle, were spread an equal distance apart. Over that framework the lodge covering was spread by inserting the end of a pole into the pocket of each of the two wind shields, and then hoisting the covering into place. Next, the lapping edges, brought together over the doorway, were fastened securely together with wooden pins, while the bottom edge was pegged down all round the lodge with wooden stakes. In the centre of the floor-space six little cut logs were fastened down in the form of a hexagon, and the earth scooped from within the hexagon was banked against the logs to form a permanent and limited fireplace. The surrounding floorspace was covered with a layer of fir-brush, then a layer of rushes, and finally, where the beds were to be laid, a heavy mattress of balsam heavy mattress of balsam twigs laid, shingle-fashion, one upon another, with their stems down. Thus a springy, comfortable bed was formed, and the lodge perfumed with a delightful forest aroma. Above the fireplace was hung a stage, or framework of light sticks, upon which to dry or smoke the meat. Around the wall on the inner side was hung a canvas curtain that overlapped the floor, and thus protected the lodgers from draft while they were sitting about the fire. The doorway was two feet by five, and was covered with a raw deerskin hung from. the top. A stick across the lower edge kept the skin taut. A log at the bottom of the doorway answered for a doorstep and in winter kept out the snow. Now the lodge was ready for occupation. AN INDIAN CAMPFIRE Asing camp fires, it should be explained that S THERE are six different ways of build my friends built theirs according to the Ojibway custom; that is, in the so-called "lodge fashion,' by placing the sticks upright, leaning them together, and crossing them over one another in the manner of lodge poles. When the fire was lighted, the wind shields formed a perfect draft to carry the smoke up through the permanently open flue in the apex of the structure, and one soon realized that of all tents or dwellings, no healthier abode was ever contrived by man. Indeed, if the stupid, meddlesome agents of civilization had been wise enough to have left the Indians in their tepees, instead of forcing them to live in houses-the ventilation of which was never understood-they would have been spared at least one of civilization's diseases-tuberculosis-and many more tribesmen would have been alive to-day. by man. On entering an Indian tepee one usually finds the first space on the right of the doorway occupied by the woodpile; the next, by the wife; the third, by the baby; and the fourth, by the husband. Opposite these, on the other side of the fire, the older children are ranged. To the visitor is allotted the warmest place in the lodge, the place of honor, farthest from and directly opposite the doorway. When the dogs are allowed in the tepee, they know their place to be the first space on the left, between the entrance and the children. THE FIRST HUNT T LAST we were to go a hunting. The trap persons-Oo-koo-hoo, the two boys, and myself. Our ne-mar-win-provisions-for four to last a week consisted of one pound of tea, eight pounds of dried meat, four pounds of grease, four pounds of dried fish, and a number of small bannocks; the rest of our grub was to be secured by hunting. Of course, while hunting, Oo-koo-hoo always carried his gun loaded—lacking the cap but it was charged with nothing heavier than powder and shot, so that the hunter might be ready at any moment for small game; yet if |