ample Chart 53 (which for economical reasons we do not reproduce) has the accompanying interpretation.

An intelligent and esteemed physician (Fig. 54, II, 2) with training abroad as well as in this country and of a good family (his brother, II, 1, is a college professor and his father a methodist preacher) married a lady (II, 3) of good family, with much musical talent, but subject to migraine and formerly to chorea. They have two sons born in the best of environments. The younger (III, 3) is still in the kindergarten, seems wholly normal, truth-telling and lovable; the other, (III, 2) now thirteen, developed normally, has had no convulsions, and has never been seriously sick and ordinarily sleeps well. He has regular, refined features and a normal alert attitude and is very industrious. He attends Sunday school regularly, has excellent talent for music. At three years of age he walked to a near-by railroad, boarded a train and was carried twelve miles before the conductor discovered him; since then he has run away very many times. From an institution for difficult boys, where he was placed, he ran away thirteen times. He escapes from his home after dark and sleeps in neighboring doorways. His mother used to make Saturday a treat day. She would take a violin lesson with him and spend the afternoon in the Public Library which he much enjoyed but he would slip away from her on the way home and be gone till midnight. He is an unconscionable liar. He contracts debts, steals when he has no use for the articles stolen and has been convicted for burglary. Much money and effort have been spent on him in vain. His mother's father, (of whom he has never heard) was a western desperado, drank hard and was involved in a murder, but finally married a very good woman and has two normal daughters in addition to this boy's mother.

The typical skipping of a generation, seen in these pedigrees of the wandering instinct, suggests that it is a recessive-like most neuroses-and strengthens the probability that it is due to a real mental defect.

The final chapter of this book we should like to quote in full; and it is a pity that every sentimental philanthropist in the land could not be made to read it and read it again. We quote a few lines:

The practical question in Eugenics is this:-What can be done to reduce the frequency of the undesirable mental and bodily traits that are such a burden to the tax payer?

First-There is the surgical operation....

There is no question that if every public minded epileptic, insane, or criminal person in the United States were operated upon this year there would be an enormous reduction of criminals twenty years hence. This, however, the author states is by no means scientific or sufficiently inclusive; for a feeble minded mother often, married to a mentally strong man, produces normal children. Again, degenerates are often born of fine parentage.

Secondly, laws against the marriage of feeble-minded are unscientific because what real standards have we by which to judge? Again, is it wise to sterilize, leaving the man free to act but with no responsibility for his act? Again, would not segregation in the course of a generation produce equally good results? As an illustration, the Cretins of northern Italy were segregated in 1890; in 1910 there were only one 60-year-old cretin and three demi-cretins in the community.

The book closes with a rich bibliography, including special magazine articles from specialists. Woodrow Wilson's History of the American People is found in this bibliography because of its strong chapters on immigration.

The Author invites cooperation. The Eugenics Office at Cold Harbor wishes the eugenics to get in touch with persons interested in movement. It invites every person who is willing to do so to record his heritage and place the record on file at the Record Office. "Drop a postal card" at once to the Eugenics Record Office, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, and ask for the blank schedule they furnish. It is understood that all data deposited in this way will be held as confidential and be used only for scientific purposes. The data received are carefully preserved in a fireproof vault and indexed so as to be available to the student. Specifically, the Record Office seeks pedigrees of families in which one or more of the following traits appear-short stature, tallness, corpulency, special talents in music, art, literature, mechanics, invention and mathematics, rheumatism, multiple sclerosis, hereditary ataxy, Ménière's disease. chorea of all forms, eye defects of all forms, otosclerosis, peculiarities of hair, skin and nails (especially red hair), albinism. harelip and cleft palate, peculiarities of the teeth, cancer, Thomsen's disease, hemophilia, exophthalmic goiter, diabetes, alkaptonuria, gout, peculiarities of the hands and feet and of other parts of the skeleton.

The Eugenics Record Office will be glad to assist in the establishment of local eugenics societies which shall become centers for the study of local blood-lines and for local instruction. The Office seeks to assist state officials in the study of the classes the State. and to assist the States are supported and protected by

which

to locate the centers in which their defectives and delinquents are being bred. It is believed that a little money spent in studying the sources of reproduction of persons who are destined to become state wards will prove a highly profitable investment, since it may lead to steps that will diminish such reproduction.

HOW THE BOY WAS LOST, by Frank B. Congill is a little book of no interest to physicians professionally, but is one which will respond to the needs of the average mother. It is the story of a boy who "joined the church" but later went "all wrong." The physician doesn't know much about that boy; but mothers and teachers know him well. The book is a kindly but vigorous arraignment of the disastrous methods of both churches and parents in dealing with the adolescent boy. The last chapters of the book are devoted directly to adolescent psychology.

PSYCHOLOGY OF ADOLESCENT BOYHOOD. The editor of this department wrote twice for a copy of this book to review in this issue of the Gazette: but received no reply. She then bought a copy and reviews it gladly because she so realizes that this is the book which mothers have asked for and have needed. ADOLESCENCE by Dr. G. Stanley Hall is a classic, but not available to the average mother. ADOLESCENT BOYHOOD, however, exactly fills the demand of mothers and teachers for something scientifically accurate but readable and understandable. The author, Dr. Burr, of the Y. M. C. A. Training School, Springfield, Mass., has made Dr. Hall's book a study and quotes that author generously. The book is an epitome of Dr. Hall's book; but is warmed and illuminated from cover to cover with the profound understanding and human sympathy which Dr. Burr has with youth. The following paragraph heads indicate the scientific scope of the book:

Chapter I-Nature of the Problem; General Characteristics of Adolescence; The Development of New Powers; the Quickening of the Senses; Imagination and Idealism; The New Centering of the Ego.

Chapter II-The Intellectual Side of Adolescence; The Emergence of New Interests; The Encouragement of Spontaneous Activities of the Mind; The Proper Studies for the Period; The Necessity of a Diversified Intellectual Diet.

Chapter III-The Social Side of Adolescence; The Sex Instinct and the Gang Instinct; The Rôle of Social Suggestion; The Growing Influence of Sex; The Educative Function of Group Life.

The remaining four chapters are of equally broad sweep; but the charm of the book to the mother is that these phases of psychology are elaborated in simple language and with human sympathy. She cannot fail to recognize them as picturing her own boy. As the average mother is particularly lacking in power to cope with adolescent problems, she should be given an opportunity to read and study this book.

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ORIFICIAL SURGERY The Spring Clinic of The American Association of Orificial Surgeons will be held in the surgical amphitheatre of Hering Medical College, corner of Wood and York Streets, Chicago, Ill., April 23-4-5-6. Dr. E. H. Pratt, A.M., M.D., LL.D. and assistants will operate on clinical patients, demonstrating the fundamental principles of Orificial Surgery as applied in the treatment of Chronic Diseases and as an adjunct to major surgery in general.

On April 26, the fourth and last day of the clinic, Dr. Pratt and assistants will demonstrate other therapeutic measures which have been recently introduced to the medical profession, including abdominal calisthenics. manual therapeutics, high frequency treatment of internal organs, spondylotherapy and new hydro-therapeutic measures. These measures will be introduced and demonstrated not as curative within themselves alone, but as adjuncts to the ordinary armamentarium of the physician.

Tuition for this clinical course is free to all practicing physicians, medical students and nurses.

Physicians are invited to bring clinical cases for operation. No operat ing fee will be charged. Excellent hospital accommodations will be provided. Opportunity will be presented for the physicians bringing clinical cases to assist personally in the operation.

The Clinic headquarters will be Hotel La Salle, where reservations may

be made in advance. For further information address the secretary of the association. W. A. Guild, Des Moines, Iowa.

BOOK REVIEWS.

Textbook of Ophthalmology in the form of clinical lectures by Dr. Paul Roemer, Professor of Ophthalmology at Greifswald; translated by Dr. Matthias Lanckton Foster, Member of the American Ophthalmological Society; Member of the American Academy of Ophthalmology and Oto-Laryngology, with one hundred and eighty illustrations in the text and thirteen colored plates. New York. Rebman Company, 1123 Broadway. p. 300. Price $2.50 net.

The subjects treated in Volume II are Diseases of the Eyelids, Injuries of the Eye, Diseases of the Vitreous, Diseases of the Sclera, Diseases of the Lachrymal Organs, Diseases of the Orbit, Glaucoma, Muscular or Concomitant Strabismus.

After an extended presentation of the various theories, the author concludes "still glaucoma remains an enigma." The discussion of sympathetic irido-cyclytis is very thorough, and the indications for enucleating a dangerous eye are clearly stated. The teaching about the treatment of strabismus is very much up to date. The importance of training the fusion faculty and the class of cases in which orthoptic treatment may be successful are explained. The time to operate is discussed at some length. Tenotomy is recommended only in connection with or following advancement.

The general practitioner will find many timely suggestions concerning the wisdom of assuming the responsibility of treating eye diseases.

D. W. W.

Specific Diagnosis and Medication, by the late John M. Scudder, M.D., 12th edition reprinted. 12 mo., 819 pp., cloth $3.00. John K. Scudder, Publisher, 630 W. 6th St., Cincinnati, Ohio.

This text book of eclectic medicine was written in 1874, and has not been revised since 1890. This explains many of the obsolete ideas contained within its pages, and the absence of any of the recent advances in our knowledge of pharmacology and pharmacodynamics. (The most striking is that quinine "antidotes the malarial poison.") Although the author disclaims any law of cure, and recommends certain drugs for certain conditions "simply because they have been previously used with reputed success," we find that this purely empiric practice conforms closely with the indications by which homeopaths are led to prescribe. In fact the majority of homoeopaths prescribe purely empirically in this same way, but the difference is that they can explain their results by similia similibus curentur instead of by "contraria contrariis opponenda

The first half of the book is devoted to diagnosis. Here the author goes into many details which modern text-books neglect. Very interesting discussions are entered into regarding observations of the tongue, pulse. etc., which are full of valuable clinical information. The second half is devoted to a discussion of eclectic practice and to materia medica. The materia medica is very brief. The last pages are devoted to reports of cases illustrating eclectic practice. The absence of the single remedy, and the relatively large doses make this practice considerably remote from the practice of Homœopathy. As an example, the following was given to a case of intermittent fever. Take Tinct. Aconite gtts XX; Tinct. Asclepias one drachm; water four ounces; Sig. (take) I drachm every hour; also the following inunction twice daily; Quinia Sul., 2 drachms; Lard 2 ounces; Oil of Anise half a drachm, M.

MEDICAL JOURNAL REVIEWS.

North American Journal of Homœopathy, March.

I. The Teaching of the Materia Medica Copeland, R. S.

The author suggests the following plan:-Freshmen-one hour a week throughout the year; Sophomores-two hours a week throughout the year; Juniors-three hours a week throughout the year, and an extra hour for one semester; Seniors-four hours a week throughout the year.

2. The Repertory and Prescribing. Van Denburg, M. W.

3.

4.

A Record of Eight Years in the New York State Health Department. Cole, H.

Materia Medica-Drugs in Maniac Cases. Potter, C. A.

In New York State from 1903 to 1911 inclusive there were recoveries in 25 per cent of the cases treated at the allopathic institutions, and in 33 per cent of the cases treated in the homeopathic institutions.

5. An Experience with Lachesis. Rieger, J.

A recovery from a cough after the administration of the 8x, followed by joint and skin symptoms pathognomonic of the drug.

6. The Rural Death Rate of the State of New York. Hoffman, F. L.

2.

C. W.

Journal of the American Institute of Homœopathy, March.
The Undeveloped Anteflexed Uterus and the Sterile Woman.
D. G.

Wilcox,

Extra-Uterine Pregnancy During the Early Months. Lee, J. M. Does Internal Medication Influence the Growth of Tumors? Smith, D. T. 4. After Primary Operation for Carcinoma, What? Bailey, E. S. Cholelithiasis. Lane, N. F.

5.

7.

Internal Hernia. Fobes, J. H.

The Vaccine Treatment of Septic Infections. Southwick, G. R. An exceedingly optimistic view of the benefits derived from vaccine therapy.

8. General Anesthesia by the Intravenous Route. Honan, W. F. 9. The Question of Homœopathy. Krauss, J.

In this scholarly paper the author answers the question, What is Homeopathy After taking up in detail the origin of the term and its history he criticises the translation of das Aehnlichkeitsgesetz into the law of similars. In German, Gesetz is used in the sense of the English law and also in the sense of the English proposition, Cure through symptom similarity is Homœopathy. While Hahnemann speaks of it as a Naturheilgesetz, he is merely giving logical directions for a method of procedure. Homœopathy is a method, not a law. It is the efforts and not the conclusions of the great philosophers which made them famous. It is their working method that receives and will receive the admiration of the judging world. It is Hahnemann's effort and working method that made him rank with the greatest of medical men. We should not speak of homeopathic medicines. All drugs may be used homeopathically, antipathically, allopathically or empirically. The dose is a matter of pharmaco-therapeutics, and it varies according to how we use it. There is no homeopathic pharmacology or pathology. Pharmacology and pathology are sciences. Homoeopathy is not a science but a method of therapeutics connecting these two sciences.

I.

C. W.

Berliner Homœopathische Zeitschrift, February. Homeopathy experimentally proven. Cahis, M. (translated from the Spanish).

A brief report of the author's results with various toxin administrations Rabbits which were given lethal doses of strichnine by intraperitoneal injection recovered if they were given weak dilutions of strychnia every five minutes afterward by mouth. Recovery of a case of epithelioma by the administration of cancer toxin.

2.

Plasma de Quinton. Arnulphy.

3. Iodine and its Salts. Senkspiel.

4. Regarding the Foundation of the Law of similars.

Schlegel, E.

The Journal of Ophthalmology and Oto-Laryngology, February, 1913. Blood Changes in Sympathetic Ophthalmia. Harry S. Gradle, M.D.

"In 1910 at the Thirty-Sixth Heidelberger Congress, I reported that blood changes existing in sympathetic or impending sympathetic disease, together with the blood findings in a series of cases of uveitis of other than traumatic etiology as a control. Briefly stated, these changes consist in a relative increase in the mononuclear elements of the white cells at the cost of the polynuclear elements, particularly the polynuclear neutrophiles. The increase in the mononuclears, according to my conception of the subject, is mainly among the true lymphocytes, to a lesser extent among the large mononuclears. I reported six cases of traumatic uveitis in which enucleation was subsequently performed in order to prevent an outbreak of sympathetic ophthalmia. In these cases there was an increase of the mononuclears from the normal 25 per cent of the white cells to as high as 67 per cent of the white cells with a corresponding decrease of the polynuclears. None of the cases showed a leucocytosis. The second series consisted of ten cases of perforating injury of the eye, followed either by panophthalmitis or by rapid normal restitution ad integram, i.e., cases which would not develop a sympathetic disease. In all of these cases, the blood showed normal relative proportions. The third class consisted of twelve cases of iridocyclitis of non-traumatic origin which could not lead to sympathetic ophthalmia. Here, too, the blood was invariably normal. On the basis of these observations I was able to state that amononucleosis, developing during the course of traumatic uveitis was of great diagnostic significance in predicting the outbreak of a sympathetic ophthalmia."

D. W. W. The Journal of Ophthalmology, Otology and Laryngology, March, 1913. Hæmorrhagic Glaucoma. John H. Payne, M.D.

"I have reported this case in extenso as it is fresh in my mind, has run a typical course with exception of a halt for a few months under a Galezowski sclerotomy, and has had an experience with x-ray flashes and the Dowling method, both of which you may say were applied too late to be of positive value. The lesson I have learned is not to make an iridectomy until the last thing, and then not to do it, but if surgery is to be adopted, then to confine efforts to some form of sclerotomy in which I personally up to the present time have a preference for the Galezowski, as that can be repeated as often as desired. You will note in this connection that the first Galezowski restored the vision and held it there for seven months, and that later when the sight was rapidly declining from day to day a repetition of the same operation held it stationary for a month. I hope that instillations of warm olive oil may prove to be of some definite value, and that this may be tried by others and reported on later."

The Ophthalmic Record, February, 1913. Protection of the Eyes of School Children, Nelson M. Black, M.D., and F. A. Vaughn, Consulting Engineer, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

The Board of Education of the City of New York have adopted the following regulations :

"1. That hereafter no calendered or coated paper be permitted in the text-books given to the children, as the dazzle of such paper is injurious to their eyes.

"2. That half-tone pictures be not permitted in school books but that simple, easily seen outline pictures be substituted for them.

"3. That the length of line in school books be from a minimum of 22 inches to a maximum of 3 inches.