ed the intemperance of their ambition, and darkened the splendour of victory.

"The scene is closed; and we are no longer anxious lest misfortune should sully his glory. He has travelled on to the end of his journey, and carried with him an increasing weight of honour. He has deposited it safely where misfortune cannot tarnish it; where malice cannot blast it. Favoured of heaven, he departed without exhibiting the weakness of amanity; nagnanimous in death, the darkness of the gravi ould not obscure his brightness."

The committee, appointed to devise sme mode by which to express the national feelings, recommend that a marble monument be erected by the United States, at the ¿y of Washington, to commemorate the great events of Washington's military and political life; that a funeral oration be delivered by a member of congress; that the president be requested to write a letter of condolence to Mrs. Washington; and that it be recommended to the citizens of the United States, to wear crape on the left arm for thirty days.

These resolutions passed both houses unanimously. The whole nation appeared in mourning. The funeral procession at the city of Washington was grand and solemn, and the eloquent oration, delivered on the occasion by Gen. Henry Lee, was heard with profound attention, and with deep interest.

Throughout the United States, similar marks of affliction were exhibited. Funeral orations were delivered, and the best talents devoted to an expression of grief, at the loss of "the man, first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his feltow-citizens."

Section VII. In 1800, agreeably to a resolution passed in congress in 1790, the seat of government was transferred from Philadelphia to the city of Washington, in the District of Columbia.

The District of Columbia is a territory of ten miles square. It is about three hundred miles from the sea, at the head of tide water on the Potomac, which runs through it diagonally, near the centre. It was ceded, in 1790, to the United States, by Maryland and Virginia, and it is under the immediate government of congress.

Section VIII. On the 4th of March, 1801, Mr. Adams' term of office as president would expire. Before the arrival of the time for a

new election, it had been pretty certainly predicted that he could not be re-elected. His administration, through the whole course of it, had been the subject of much popular clamour, especially by the democratick party. But the measures which most excited the opposition of that party, and which were most successfully employed to destroy the popularity of Mr Adams' administration, and to place the government in other hands, were several laws passed during his presidency, among which were the "Alien" and "Sedition" laws.

By the "alien law," the president was authorized to order any alien, whom he should judge dangerous to the peace and safety of the United States, &c. to depart out of the territory, within such time" as he should judge proper, upon penalty of being "imprisoned for a term not exceeding three years," &c.

The design of the "sedition law" so called, was to punish the abuse of speech, and of the press. It imposed a heavy pecuniary fine, and imprisonment for a term of years, upon such as should combine or conspire together to oppose any measure of government; upon such as should write, print, utter, publish, &c. "any false, scandalous, and malicious writing against the government of the United States, or either house of the congress of the United States, or the president, &c."

These acts, together with others for raising a standing army, and imposing a direct tax and internal duties, with other causes, so increased the opposition to Mr. Adams' administration, as to prevent his re-election, and greatly to weaken the strength of that party to whom he owed his elevation to the presidency.

Section IX. The strife of parties, during the term of electioneering, was spirited. On canvassing the votes of the electors for president, it was found that Mr. Jefferson, and Mr. Burr had each seventy-three votes, Mr. Adams sixtyfive, and C. C. Pinckney sixty four. As the constitution provided that the person having the

greatest number of votes should be president, and Mr. Jefferson and Mr. Burr having an equal number, it became the duty of the house of representatives, voting by States, to decide between these two Gentlemen.

The ballot was taken for several days in succession, February, 1801, before a choice was made. The federalists generally supported Mr. Burr; the democratick party Mr. Jefferson. At length, after much political heat and party animosity, the choice fell upon the latter, who was declared to be elected president of the United States for four years, commencing March 4th, 1801. Mr. Burr was elected vice-president.

Notes.

Section X. Manners. The manners of the people of the United States underwent no marked change during this period.

Section XI. Religion. Although infidelity does not seem to have made much progress in the United States, during this period, it was evident that it had taken deep root in many minds.

Infidels, however, were less confident, and less ready to avow their sentiments. They stood abashed before the world, at the fearful and blood-chiliing horrours which their principles had poured out upon France. Their doctrines were, at the same time, powerfully refuted by the ablest men both in England and America. At length, they ceased to make proselytes, spoke favourably of the Christian religion, generally admitted that it was absolutely necessary to good government; and errour, with regard to religion, assumed a new form.

Towards the close of this period, a revival of religion commenced in New-England, and seems to have been the beginning of that series of revivals which have since overspread the United States. Some sects which had before regarded "revivals of re

ligion" with suspicion or aversion, became convinced of the utility and began to promote them.

Section XII. Trade and Commerce. Trade and commerce were still prosperous, and the remarks made in respect to them, under period VII. apply to them during this period.

The exports, in 1801, were ninety-three millions, twenty thousand five hundred and seventy-three dollars, the imports, one hundred and eleven millions, three hundred and sixty-three thousand five hundred and eleven dollars.

Section XIII. Agriculture. Agriculture still continued to flourish.

Section XIV. Arts and Manufactures. The general remarks on the preceding period, relative to this subject, apply, without material alteration to this period.

Section XV. Population. The number of inhabitants, at the close of this period, was not far from five millions, five hundred thousand

We have no

Section XVI. Education. thing particular to observe in relation to education. Publick and private schools, however, were multiplied as the people increased, and as new settlements were made.

In 1798, a college was founded at Lexington, Kentucky, call ed the Transylvania University. Middlebury college, in Vermont, was founded in 1800. At the commencement of the 18th century, there was, in New-England but one college completely founded, but now there were six; in the colonies south of Con necticut, there was only one, but now there were fifteen or six

teen.