ift, That Mr. Young gives (p. 19-23,) a description of the nature, &c. of the fields at Bradfield Combuftt, on which (efpecially as we fhall have frequent recourfe to them in the review of experiments) we have nothing to remark; for we must take thefe and all other facts for unquestionable, except that we think the quantity of each fhould have been added.

In the 2d place we muft obferve, that the number of grafs fields amounts to 13, and of the arable to 20. Two are woodland, and two are called experimental fields. All these make a great figure, being marked with the letters of the alphabet reguJarly, and by a fecond alphabet with afterifms, as far as M*, But the impartiality of Reviewers obliges us to add, that the number of thefe fields appears to be much more confiderable than the quantity of each, or of any, or of all of them!

In Mr. Young's introductory explanations, there are several things well worthy the attention of judicious Reviewers, and of his Readers.

The most confiderable of these, is our Author's method of ftating the expences of his experiments; a point of fo much confequence, that the fenfible Reader, without being fatisfied in this, cannot acquiefce in any experiment.

Our Author obferves that there are three methods:
ift, Taking the general hiring prices of the country;
2d, Stating only what is certain, viz. the labour;
3d, Stating the actual coft.

Objections to all occur; as to the 1ft, That there is a profit at the hiring prices, which fhould not go to expences.

To the 2d, That the variations in other articles of expences (as keeping horfes or oxen) may be confiderable; and that method leaves the refult of the experiment very incomplete.

To the 3d, That real expences may be accidentally greater than they ought in general, as doing that by rake and line, which fhould be done by the drill-plough, &c.

Mr. Young determined to follow the 2d method, yet so as to call in the aid of the 3d, and to deduct the expence of the cattle, of wear and tear, from the profit, or (which comes to the fame thing) add them to the lofs.

We must however give our judgment for the 3d method, as the clearest and most convincing; and we believe that whatever impartial perfon looks into any one of the experiments of this courfe, will find that Mr. Young, by endeavouring to unite the 2d and 3d methods, has gained nothing but perplexity. We who juffer must be allowed to complain. What needlefs trouble is it, firft to ftate what he calls the profit, and

7

+ Burned, by way of diftinction.

them

then to have the clear profit to calculate, when the whole might

have been done at once!

We must here note, that we apprehend the greatest difficulty, by far, in ftating the true expences, to be, the determining what ought really to be allowed for keeping of cattle, lofs in their worth, and wear and tear. We fometimes hope, for the credit of agriculture, when we fee lofs by fo many crops, that Mr. Young may involuntarily have rated thefe articles too high.

In the 2d explanation we intirely approve Mr. Young's ftating the real not national prices of the products; especially as we believe that the latter can scarce poffibly be stated with accuracy.

In his 3d explanation he has juftly noted that fome of his crops were not manured for; and though he thinks experiments on unmanured fields equally useful, (as in fome respects they may be,) we can never know whether and how far the failure of crops was owing to this failure of manure.

In his 6th explanation Mr. Young notes, that he charges the real rent paid for the ground, and that it is equal to what the neighbourhood pay for the like. This point however we apprehend is of no great confequence, if the kind of ground be accurately defcribed; as any perfon inclined to try the experi ment can easily make allowance for the higher or lower rent which he pays for like ground. Such a Gentleman as Mr. Young describes, who rates his own improved home-ftall as only equal to his neighbour's unimproved one, may thence foolishly deduce marvellous fuccefs, but deferves no attention.

We highly approve the caution of Mr. Young in his laft explanation, viz. Not to charge the real expence of rake and line work, or of repairing Mr. Randal's worthless drill-plough; but the price of the work performed by good inftruments, on fuppofition of which alone a comparison betwixt the old and new hufbandry can fairly be made. However, as he confefles that there are defects in all drill-ploughs yet produced, which muft increase the expence, it seems as if no fair comparison had yet been made; and finks the value of all Mr. Young's experiments on this head.

[To be continued in our next.]

в N. B. His 1. art.

MONTHLY CATALOGU E, For FEBRUARY, 1771.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Art. 13. The new Latin and English Dictionary defigned for the Ufe of private Schools, and private Education: Containing all the Words and Phrafes proper for reading the claffic Authors in both Languages. By John Entick, M. A. 8vo. 4s. Dilly. 1771.

WE

E are, by no means, of opinion, that this work contains all the words and phrafes which it may be necessary and proper for the ftudent to confult, in perufing the Roman claffics, or thofe of his own country. The compiler, by throwing this affertion into the title of his book, difcovers a contempt of former Lexicographers, which his merits give him no ground to entertain. His publication may be of ufe to thofe, who have juft entered upon the ftudy of the Latin, but can afpire no higher; and, though Mr. Entick, bas paffed fifty years, either as a private tutor, a schoolmafer, or a writer for, and a corrector of the prefs, and had the advantage of a regular univerfity education for ten years; there would, yet, be little difficulty in executing a work on a fimilar plan, and nearly within the fame compaís, that would infinitely exceed his performance.

*

Art. 14. Le Guide du Traducteur, or, the inftructive Exercifes rendered into French. 12mo. 2 S. Law.

St.

Entertaining and
By John Perrin.

See Review, vol. xl. p. 78. where our Readers will find a brief commendation of thefe Exercifes: Art. 24. of the catalogue. Art. 15. The Travels of Father William Orleans, a Jefuit, who being banished from France, among the rest of that fociety, travelled through Afia, Africa, and America, and at laft became a good Proteftant. 8vo. gd. Printed for J. Mackenzie, in Woodfreet.

Pretends to give an account of the travels of one Father Orleans, who fet fail froin the port of London in 1764, for Gibraltar; from whence he rambled to Tripoli, Damafcus, Aleppo, Jerufalem, Grand Cairo, Mecca, &c. &c. At length he arrives in America, where he becomes a follower of Whitefield, and an affociate of Meff. John and Charles Wesley.- It feems to be all lies, abfurdity, cant, and nonfenfe; calculated to impose on credulous undifcerning Readers.

Art. 16. Confiderations on the prefent State of the Peerage of Scotland. Addreffed to his Grace the Duke of Buccleugh. By a Peer of Scotland +. 8vo. 6 d. Cadell. 1771.

We are glad to find, that the Peers of Scotland are beginning to recover their importance. They are intitled to inveft fixteen of their number with the highest dignity to which a British fubject can afpire. But from the methods employed in the election of these, it

* See his addrefs to the teachers of the Latin tongue.
+ Lord Elibank,

appears

appears, that they have been posted in the houfe of Lords for the mere purpose of fupporting the meafures of government. They were fuppofed to have no opinions of their own, and obeyed, with a pliant fervility, the mandates of a minister. Nor are the advantages arifing from their degradation, to be compared to thofe which, in the event of their free election, will refult to themselves, to the rank to which they belong, and to the country they reprefent. Thefe particulars are urged, with great ftrength of argument, and much elegance of expreffion, in the fpirited publication before us. st. Art. 17. The Complete Baker; or a Method of effe&ually raising a Buthel of Flour with a Tea-fpoonful of Barm: intended to ob viate the great Difficulties Bakers are often put to, for Want of a Quantity of Barm-In which is likewife fhewn, that the Caufe of Bread being clofe and heavy, is entirely owing to the Baker being unacquainted with the Nature of Barm and Flour. By James Stone, of Amport, in Hampshire. 8vo. Is. Salisbury printed, for the Author, and fold by Crowder in London.

Mr. James Stone deferves the thanks of all thofe who are interested in the point in queftion. The effects of barm, as well as of many other ferments, may by a proper management be extended in infinitum. -The knowledge of this fact is the foundation of the directions which are here delivered. D. Art. 18. A fhort Grammar and Vocabulary of the Moors Language. 8vo. 1 s. 6d. Flexney. 1771.

The Author of this publication may be very well acquainted with the Indoftan language; but the materials he employs are fo fcanty, that they furnish but an imperfect idea of it; and, on this account, little advantage can refult from his work,

POLITICAL.

St

Art. 19. A free Addrefs to Freemen. By William Sharp, Jun. 8vo. 6 d. Flexney. 1771.

This performance is compofed with more paffion than judgment; and, though we refpect the cause it would ferve, we must think, that its intereft may rather be hurt, than promoted by it. St. Art. 20. A Letter to Robert Morris, Efq; wherein the Rife and Progrefs of our political Difputes are confidered. Together with fome Obfervations on the Power of Judges and Juries, as relating to the Cafes of Woodfall and Almon, 8vo. 2 s. 6d. Baldwin. 1771.

Great abilities, furely, are neceffary to the writer, who, in a free country, would inculcate leffons of fubjection and dependance. The Author, however, of the pamphlet before us, though he is an advocate for prerogative and tyranny, has no great claim to fagacity or eloquence. Bold affertion, and a feeble attempt towards wit, he has fubftituted in the place of argument and reafoning. St. Art. 21, Free Thoughts on the prefent State of public Affairs, in a Letter to a Friend. 8vo. I S. 1770.

The Writer of this letter profeffes, that he has no intimacy with politicians; and acknowledges, that politics lie quite out of his province. On what title, then, it may be asked, does he prefume to treat of public affairs? He has likewise informed his Reader, that

with regard to the prefent political contefts, he has no bias either one way, or the other. His performance, however, extols, beyond meafure, all the acts of adminiftration; and he is perpetually expreffing his diflike of what he terms the prefent public commotions, the amazing ferment among the people,-and the general difcontent of the nation.' We perceive nothing in his letter that can induce us to recommend it to the public. st. Art. 22. A Letter to the Rev. Mr. John Wesley; in Answer to his late Pamphlet, entitled, Free Thoughts on the present State of public Affairs. 8vo. 9 d. Towers.

This addrefs to Mr. Wefley contains an examination of the more remarkable paffages in the preceding article. It is fpirited and fenfible; and the opinions it combats, deferved not, in our judgment, fo able a refutation. St. Art. 23. Public Accounts of Services and Grants: fhewing how the Money given for each Year has been difpofed of; what Parts remain unfatisfied; and the Balance of Overplus and Deficiency. To which is added, an Introductory Preface to explain particular Parts, and a Table of the Totals of Services and Grants, and of the Acts of Parliament paffed each Year for the Ways and Means; likewife an Index to the fundry Services. By Sir Charles Whitworth, Chairman of the Committee of Supply and Ways and Means. Folio. 5 s. fewed. Robfon. 1771.

The public is obliged to Mr. Whitworth for this valuable communication, the worth of which will be estimated folely by its correctnefs; and of its correctness we can entertain no degree of doubt. The accounts are extracted from the parliamentary Journals, commencing with the year 1722; before which time they were not regularly entered. The articles are arranged under the particular heads of Navy, Ordnance, Forces, Sundry Services, Deficiencies, &c.

Such a collection of our annual public accounts cannot fail of being very useful, as the refpectable Compiler obferves, not only to members of parliament, but to every attentive Reader of English hiftory.

In order to authenticate his publication, and render it the more nfeful, Mr. Whitworth has inferted the volume and page of the Journals, where referred to, with the name and date when and by whom the account was prefented: and he has, further, thought it proper to add, to the accounts of fervices and grants, extracts of the feveral acts relative to the three capital funds, the aggregate, general, and finking funds, recited in the very words of the statutes, to prevent mistakes.

Art. 24. The Lawyers inveftigated. In a Series of Letters addreffed to the Right Honourable ED, Sir S. S. She, Sir W- Md, &c. By W. G. of Richmond: and the Lawyers Letters in Reply, with other needful Vouchers. 8vo. 19. 6 d. Bingley.

The tranfactions alluded to in this performance may have had a real foundation; but we do not think it was neceffary to publish a dull feries of letters, to let the world know that lawyers are addicted to frauds and chicanery.

Art