Congress-Continued.

to assemble at least once a year, 1, 4, 2.

may alter regulations for election of members, 1, 4, 1.
each House to judge of qualifications of its members, 1, 5, 1.
majority of each House a quorum, 1, 5, 1.

may adjourn, 5,

each House to determine rules of its proceedings, 1, 5, 2.
two-thirds may expel a member, 1, 5, 2.

each House to keep journal of proceedings, 1, 5, 3.
restriction on power to adjourn, 1, 5, 4.
compensation of members, 1, 6, 1.

members privileged from arrest, except, 1, 6, 1.
ineligible to offices created during term of service, 1, 6, 2.
who ineligible, 1, 6, 2.

bills for raising revenue to originate in House, 1, 7, 1.
proceedings on bill returned by President, 1, 7, 2.
power to lay and collect duties, etc., 1, 8, 1.

to borrow money on credit of United States, 1, 8, 2.
to regulate commerce, 1, 8, 3.

to establish rule of naturalization, 1, 8, 4.

to establish uniform laws on subject of bankruptcies, 1, 8, 4.

to coin money and regulate value of coin, 1, 8, 5.

to fix standards of weights and measures, 1, 8, 5.
to punish counterfeiting, 1, 8, 6.

co establish post-offices and post-roads, 1, 8, 7.
to promote progress of science and art, 1, 8, 8.
to constitute inferior tribunals, 1, 8, 9.

to define and punish piracies, etc., 1, 8, 10.

to punish offenses against law of nations, 1, 8, 10.
to declare war, 1, 8, 11.

to grant letters of marque and reprisal, 1, 8, 11.
to make rules concerning captures, 1, 8, 11.
to raise and support armies, 1, 8, 12.
restriction on appropriations, 1, 8, 12.
to provide and maintain a Navy, 1, 8, 13.
to inake rules for Army and Navy, 1, 8, 14.

to call out militia in case of necessity, 1, 8, 15.

to provide for organizing, etc., militia, 1, 8, 16.

to legislate over District of Columbia, and over forts, magazines, etc., 1, 8, 17.

to make all laws necessary to carry out the powers of Govern ment, 1, 8, 18.

may determine time of choosing Presidential electors, 2, 1, 3.
may admit new States into the Union, 4, 3, 1.

may make needful rules for the territory of the United States,4,3,2.
two-thirds may propose amendments, 5.
who disqualified as members, Am. 14, 3.
disqualifications may be removed, Am. 14, 3.
may enforce Thirteenth Amendment, Am. 13, 2.
may enforce Fourteenth Amendment, Am. 14, 5.
may enforce Fifteenth Amendment, Am. 15, 2.

Co-ent-of Congress, required for official to receive present, etc.,

1,9,8.

required for State to lay imposts, etc., 1, 10, 2.

or to lay duty on tonnage, 1, 10, 3.

or to enter into agreement or compact with other State, 1, 10, 3.

or to engage in war, 1, 10, 3.

or to form new State within another State, 4, 3, 1.

o for the junction of States or parts of States, 4, 3, 1.

Delter House to adjourn without consent of other, 1, 5, 4.
are required in making treaty, 2, 22.
es pointing Ambassadors, etc., 2, 2, 2.

Contracts-State not to pass law violating obligations of, Art. 1, Sec.
10, ¶ 1.

Convention-for proposing amendments, how called, 5.
Copyrights-Congress may provide for, 1, 8, 8.
Counterfeiting-Congress shall provide punishment for, 1, 8, 6.
Courts-inferior may be constituted by Congress, 1, 8, 6.
judicial power vested in, 3, 1.

term of office of judges of, 3, 1.

Credit-to be given to public acts and records, 4, 1.

Crime-how person held to answer for, 5.

impeachment of civil officers for, 2, 4.
trial for to be by jury, 3, 2, 3.
place of trial for, 3, 2, 3.

prosecutions for, rights of accused, 6,

Cruel or unusual punishments prohibited-Am. 8.

Debt of United States-not to be questioned, Am. 14, 4.
Congress has power to pay, 1, 8, 1.
under prior confederation assumed, 6, 1.

Debts-incurred in aid of insurrection repudiated, Am. 14, 4.
Defense-Constitution adopted to insure, Preamble.

power of Congress to provide for, 1, 8, 1.
right of accused in criminal prosecutions, Am. 6.
Departments-appointment of officers may be vested in, 2, 2, 2.
Direct tax-how laid, 1, 9, 4.

how apportioned, 1, 2, 3.

[Repealed by 14th Amendment.]

Disability-provisions in case of as to President, etc., 2, 1, 5.
to hold office by engagement in rebellion, Am. 14, 3.
may be removed by Congress, Am. 14, 3.

Disqualification-of Senator or Representative for other office, 1, 6, 2.
for membership of either House, 1, 6, 2.
by engaging in rebellion, Am. 14, 3.

District of Columbia-Congress to exercise exclusive legislation, 1,

8, 17.

Dockyards-exclusive control of Congress, 1, 8, 17.

Due process of law-persons not to be deprived of life, liberty, or
property without, Am. 5.

State not to deprive of life, liberty, or property without, Am.
14, 1.

Duties of President-when to devolve on Vice-President, 2, 1, 5.
in case of disability of both, Congress shall declare who shall act,

2, 1, 5.

Duties-imposts and excises, power of Congress to lay, 1, 8, 1.

to be uniform throughout U. S., 1, 8, 1.

no duty or tax to be laid on exports from a State, 1, 8, 1.
vessels clearing from one State not to pay in another, 1,9, 6.
no State to lay duty on imports or exports, 1, 10, 2.

if laid by consent of Congress, net produce to be for use of U. S.,
1, 10, 2.

all such laws subject to control and revision of Congress, 1, 10. 2.
Duty on tonnage-no State to lay without consent of Congress, 1, 10, 3.

Elections-of executive, Congress may determine day of, 2, 1, 3.
day to be the same throughout U. S., 2, 1, 3.

Elections-Continued.

for Senators and Representatives, Legislatures of States to pre-
scribe, Art. 1, Sec. 4, ¶ 1.

subject to alteration and regulation of Congress, 1, 4, 1.
each House to judge of returns and qualifications of its mem-
bers, 1, 5, 1.

Electors-for President and Vice-President, each State to appoint,

2, 1, 2.

number equal to Senators and Representatives, 2, 1, 2.
who not eligible, 2, 1, 2.

Congress may determine time of choosing and of voting by, 2, 1, 3.
day to be the same throughout U. S., 2, 1, 3.

to meet and vote by ballot, Am. 12.

ballots for President and Vice-President to be distinct, Am. 12.
one at least to be inhabitant of another State, Am. 12.

distinct lists to be made, Am. 12.

to sign, certify, and transmit lists to President of Senate, Am. 12.
who disqualified to office of, Am. 14, 3.
Congress may remove disability, Am. 14, 3.

Emancipation-of slave, claim for loss by illegal and void, Am. 14, 4.
Emoluments-U. S. official not to accept from foreign king, etc., 1,9,8.
Enumeration-of inhabitants, when to be made, 1, 2, 3.

ratio of representation, 1, 2, 3.

of rights, not to disparage others retained, Am. 9.
Equal protection of the laws-no State shall deny, Am. 14, 1.
Equal suffrage in Senate-secured to States, 5.
Excessive bail-shall not be required, Am. 8.

Excises-power of Congress to lay and collect, 1, 8, 1.

to be uniform, 1, 8, 1

Exclusive legislation-by Congress over District of Columbia, 1, 8, 17.
over places ceded to United States, 1, 8, 17.

Executive departments-heads of may be vested with power to ap-
point inferior officers, 2, 2, 2.

Executive officers-to be bound by oath to support the Constitution,

6, 3.

of States to be bound by oath, 6, 3.

President may require written opinions of, 2, 2, 1.
Executive power-vested in President, 2, 1, 1.
Expenditures-of money to be published, 1, 9, 7.
Exports from States, no tax to be laid on, 1, 9, 5.

no State to lay duties on without consent of Congress, 1, 10, 2.
if laid to be for use of Treasury, 1, 10, 2.
and be subject to revision of Congress, 1, 10, 2.

Ex post facto laws-shall not be passed, 1, 9, 3.

State not to pass, 1, 10, 1.

Expulsion of member-by concurrence of two-thirds, 1, 5, 2.

Faith and credit-to acts, records, and judicial proceedings of the
several States, 4, 1.

Felony-members of Congress not privileged from arrest for, 1, 6, 1.
on high seas, Congress shall have power to define and punish,
1, 8, 10.

Fines--excessive not to be imposed, Am. 8.

Foreign coin-Congress may regulate value of, 1, 8, 5.

Foreign nations-Congress to regulate commerce with, Art. 1, Sec. 8,
་ 3.

Foreign powers-State prohibited from entering into compact with,
Forfeiture-not to extend beyond life of party attainted, 3, 3, 2.
Formation of new States-provisions for, 4, 3, 1.

Form of government-States in Union to be guaranteed republican,

4, 4.

States to be protected from invasion and domestic violence, 4, 4.
Forts-exclusive legislation by Congress over sites, 1, 8, 17.
Freedom of speech and of the press-guaranteed, Am. 1.
Fugitives-from justice to be delivered up, 4, 2, 2.

from service or labor to be delivered up, 4, 2, 3.

General welfare-purpose of Constitution to secure, Preamble.
Congress shall have power to provide for, 1, 8, 1.
Georgia-Representatives in first Congress, 1, 2, 3.
Gold and silver coin-restriction on States as to tender in payment,
1, 10, 1.

Government of States-republican form guaranteed, 4, 4.
protection from invasion or domestic violence, 4, 4.
Grand jury-crimes to be tried on presentment of, Am. 5.
exceptions as to land and nava! forces and militia, Am. 5.
Guarantee of republican form of Government to States, 4, 4.

of protection of States from invasion and domestic violence, 4, 4.

Habeas corpus-writ not to be suspended, unless, 1, 9, 2.
Heads of departments-may be vested with power to appoint officers,

2.2.2.

President may require written opinions from, 2, 2, 1.

High crimes and misdemeanors-removal of officers on impeach-

ment for, 2, 4.

House of Representatives-composed of members chosen every
second year, 1, 2, 1.

qualification of electors, 1, 2, 1.

qualification of member, age, and residence, 1, 2, 2.
State executives to issue writs of election, 1, 2, 4.

shall choose speaker and other officers, 1, 2, 5.

shall have sole power of impeachment, 1, 2, 5.

shall judge elections, returns, and qualifications of its members.

1,5, 1.

a majority to constitute a quorum, 1, 5, 1.

less, may adjourn from day to day, 1, 5, 1.
may determine its rule of proceeding, 1, 5, 2.

may punish for disorderly behavior, or expel a member, 1, 5, 2.

shall keep journal of proceedings, 1, 5, 3.
restriction on power to adjourn, 1, 5, 4.

members not to be questioned for speech or debate, 1, 6, 1.
United States official not eligible to membership, 1, 6, 2.
members ineligible to offices created during their membership,

1, 6, 2.

bills for raising revenue to originate in, 1, 7, 1.

votes for President and Vice-President to be counted in presence
of, Am. 12.

when and how to choose President, Am. 12.

vote to be taken by States, Am. 12.

quorum in such case, what to constitute, Am. 12.

House of Representatives-Continued.

majority of States necessary to choice, Am. 12.

disability to membership by participation in rebellion, Am. 14, 3. Congress may remove disability, Am. 14, 3.

Immunities-privilege of member of Congress from arrest, 1, 10, 3. soldiers not to be quartered in time of peace, 3.

no person to be twice in jeopardy for same offense, 5.
who are citizens of United States, Am. 14, 1.

privileges and immunities of citizens not to be abridged, Am. 14, 1. State not to deprive of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, Am. 14, 1.

nor deny the equal protection of the law, Am. 14, 1.

Impeachment -House to have sole power of, 1, 2, 5.
Senate the sole power to try, 1, 3, 6.
to be on oath or affirmation, 1, 3, 6.
when Chief Justice to preside, 1, 3, 6.
two-thirds necessary for conviction, 1, 3, 6.
judgment, extent of on conviction, 1, 3, 7.

judgment, not to bar indictment and punishment, 1, 3, 7.

Importation of slaves-restriction on power of Congress, 1, 9, 1.

tax may be imposed, 1, 9, 1.

Imports or exports-State shall not lay without consent of Congress,

1, 10, 2.

of land by State, for use of Treasury, 1, 10, 2.

shall be subject to revision of Congress, 1, 10, 2.

Imposts and excises-Congress shall have power to lay and collect,

1, 8, 1.

to be uniform throughout States, 1, 8, 1.

Indian tribes-Congress to regulate commerce with, 1, 8, 3. Indictment, or presentment-essential to trial for capital or infamous

crime, Am. 5.

except in cases in land and naval forces and militia, Am. 5.
of person convicted on impeachment, 1, 3, 7.

Inferior courts-power of Congress to establish, 1, 8, 9.

judicial power vested in, 3, 1.

judges to hold office during good behavior, 3, 1. compensation not to be diminished during official term, 3, 1. Inferior officers-Congress may invest appointment of where they

think proper, 2, 2, 2.

Insurrections-Congress to provide for suppression of, 1, 8, 15.
participants in, disqualified for office, Am. 14, 3.
Congress may remove disabilities, Am. 14, 3.
debts contracted in aid of, void, Am. 14, 4.
Invasion-State, when may engage in war, 1, 10, 3.
writ of habeas corpus, suspension of, 1, 9, 1.
Congress may call militia out to repel, 1, 8, 15.
United States to protect each State against, 4, 4.
Inventors-Congress to pass laws to secure rights to, 1, 8, 8.
Involuntary servitude-abolition of, except for crime, Am. 13, I.

Jeopardy of life and limb-person not to be twice subject to, Am. 5.
Journal of proceedings-each House to keep, 1, 5, 3.
Judges of United States courts to hold office during good behavior, 3,1.
compensation not to be diminished during term, 3, 1.

in every State bound by Constitution, laws, and treaties of United

States, 6, 2.