of March, in the year eighteen hundred and fifty-seven, shall extend to all oaths, affirmations, and affidavits, required or authorized by this act. SEC. 8. And be it further enacted, That nothing in this act shall be so construed as to prevent any person who has availed him or herself of the benefits of the first section of this act from paying the minimum price, or the price to which the same may have graduated, for the quantity of land so entered at any time before the expiration of the five years, and obtaining a patent therefor from the government, as in other cases provided by law, on making proof of settlement and cultivation as provided by existing laws granting pre-emption rights. APPROVED, May 20, 1862. ABSTRACT OF THE LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES IN RELATION TO THE NATURALIZATION OF ALIENS. SEC. 1. Who may be admitted as citizens. 2. Form of declaration two years prior to the admission, and before whom made. 3. Certain persons exempted from preceding conditions. 4. Admission of minors who arrive in the United States when not over eight, een years of age. 5. When widow and children of deceased alien deemed citizens. 6. Oath upon admission. 7. Proof of character and residence, before admission, and by whom to be made. 8. Alien to renounce hereditary title-record thereof-to be citizen of country at peace with the United States. 9. As to aliens residing in the United States in 1812. 10. As to aliens residing in the United States between 1802 and 1812. 11. As to aliens residing in the United States between 1798 and 1802, what proof of residence required, and how set forth in record, to ren mission valid. render ad 12. What children of aliens, &c., deemed citizens. Proscribed persons not to be admitted. 13. As to aliens residing in the United States prior to 1795. 15. Five years' residence required before admission of alien who arrives in the United States after 1815. SECTION 1. Any alien being a free white person, may be admitted to become a citizen of the United States, or any of them, on the following conditions, and not otherwise: SEC. 2. First: That he shall have declared, on oath or affirmation, before the supreme, superior, district or circuit court, of some one of the states, or of the territorial districts of the United States, or a circuit or district court of the United States, or before the clerk of either of such courts, two years at least before his admission, that it was bona fide his intention to become a citizen of the United States, and to renounce forever, all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, state or sovereignty, whatever, and particularly, by name, the prince, potentate, state or sovereignty, whereof such alien may, at the time, be a citizen or subject. SEC. 3. From this condition are exempted, any alien being a free white person, who was residing within the limits and under the jurisdiction of the United States at any time between the eighteenth day of June, seventeen hundred and ninety-eight, and the fourteenth day of April, eighteen hundred and two, and who has continued to reside within the same. SEC. 4. Any alien, being a free white person and a minor, under the age of twenty-one years, who shall have resided in the United States three years next preceding his arrival at the age of twenty-one years, and who shall have continued to reside therein to the time he may make application to be admitted to be a citizen thereof, may, after he arrives at the age of twenty-one years, and after he shall have resided five years within the United States, including the three of his minority, be admitted a citizen of the United States, without having made the declaration required in the second section, three years previous to his admission: but such alien shall make the declaration required therein, at the time of his or her admission; and shall further declare on oath, and prove to the satisfaction of the court, that for three years next preceding, it has been the bona fide intention of such alien to become a citizen of the United States; and shall, in all other respects, comply with the laws in regard to naturalization. SEC. 5. When any alien shall have complied with the condition specified in section second, and who shall have pursued the directions prescribed in the second section of the act of April fourteen, eighteen hundred and two, may die before he is actually naturalized, the widow and the children of such alien shall be considered as citizens of the United States, and shall be entitled to all rights and privileges as such, upon taking the oaths prescribed by law. SEC. 6. An alien shall, at the time of his application to be admitted, declare, on oath or affirmation, before some one of the courts aforesaid, that he will support the constitution of the United States, and that he doth absolutely and entirely renounce and abjure all allegiance and fidelity to every foreign prince, potentate, state or sovereignty, whatever, and particularly by name, the prince, potentate, state or sovereignty, whereof he was before a citizen or subject: which proceedings shall be recorded by the clerk of the court. SEC. 7. The court admitting such alien shall be satisfied that he has resided within the United States five years, at least, and within the state or territory where such court is at the time held one year at least, and it shall further appear to their satisfaction that, during that time, he has behaved as a man of good moral character, attached to the principles of the constitution of the United States, and well disposed to the good order and happiness of the same. The oath of the applicant shall, in no case, be allowed to prove his residence. SEC. 8. In case the alien, applying to be admitted to citizenship, shall have borne any hereditary title, or been of any of the orders of nobility, in the kingdom or state, from which he came, he shall, in addition to the above requisites, make an express renunciation of his title or order of nobility, in the court to which his application shall be made, which renunciation shall be recorded in the said court: Provided, That no alien, who shall be a native citizen, denizen or subject of any country, state or sovereign, with whom the United States shall be at war, at the time of his application, shall be then admitted to be a citizen of the United States. SEC. 9. But persons resident within the United States or the territories thereof, on the eighteenth day of June, in the year one thousand eight hundred and twelve, who had, before that day, made a declaration according to law, of their intention to become citizens of the United States; or who, by the existing laws of the United States, were, on that day, entitled to become citizens, without making such declaration, may be admitted to become citizens thereof, notwithstanding they shall be alien enemies; at the times, and in the manner prescribed by the laws heretofore passed on that subject: Provided, That nothing herein contained, shall be taken or construed to interfere with, or prevent the apprehension and removal agreeably to law of any alien enemy, at any time previous to the actual naturalization of such alien. SEC. 10. Any alien being a free white person, who was residing within the limits, and under the jurisdiction of the United States, between the fourteenth day of April, one thouand eight hundred and two, and the eighteenth day of June, one thousand eight hundred and twelve, and who has continued to reside within the same, may be admitted to become a citizen of the United States, without having made any previous declaration of his intention to become a citizen: Provided, That whenever any person, without a certificate of such declaration of intention, shall make application to be admitted a citizen of the United States, it shall be proved to the satisfaction of the court, that the applicant was residing within the limits, and under the jurisdiction of the United States, before the eighteenth day of June, one thousand eight hundred and twelve, and has continued to reside within the same, or he shall not be so admitted; and the residence of the applicant within the limits, and under the jurisdiction of the United States, for at least five years immediately preceding the time of such application, shall be proved by the oath or affirmation of citizens of the United States; which citizens shall be named in the record as witnesses; and such continued residence within the limits and jurisdiction of the United States, when satisfactorily proved, and the place or places, where the applicant has resided, for at least five years, as aforesaid, shall be stated and set forth, together with the names of such citizens, in the record of the court, admitting the applicant; otherwise the same shall not entitle him to be considered and deemed a citizen of the United States. SEC. 11. Nothing in the foregoing section, ten, contained, shall be construed to exclude from admission to citizenship, any free white person who was residing within the limits and under the jurisdiction of the United States at any time between the eighteenth day of June, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-eight, and the fourteenth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and two, and who, having continued to reside therein without having made any declaration of intention before a court of record as aforesaid, may be entitled to become a citizen of the United States, according to section three. Whenever any person without a certificate of such declaration of intention as aforesaid, shall make application to be admitted a citizen of the United States, it shall be proved to the satisfaction of the court, that the applicant was residing within the limits and under the jurisdiction of the United States, before the fourteenth day of April, one thousand eight hundred and two, and has continued to reside within the same, or he shall not be so admitted. And the residence of the applicant within the limits and under the jurisdiction of the United States, for at least five years immediately preceeding the time of such application, shall be proved by the oath or affirmation of citizens of the United States; which citizens shall be named in the record as witnesses. And such continued residence within the limits and under the jurisdiction of the United States, when satisfactorily proved, and the place or places where the applicant has resided for at least five years, as afore |