"Dr. Cotton needs no banquet nor speech to demonstrate the place he fills. The real sentiment is written in your beaming faces. The representation of the great professional and scientific bodies that are here tonight, speaks loudly in his honor. Words of praise are sometimes questioned, but the spontaneous outflow of hearts of love never can be questioned. "Dr. Cotton made Chicago his home some forty years ago. He came to this city unsupported and unhandicapped by ancestral pedigree; he came without influence, except the inherent gifts of a great soul and a great intellect. By the sheer force of such power he forged to the front and has carried the banner of success and planted it on the citadel of every undertaking; his private and public life shows that he is deep, discerning and analytical; that he possesses a mind that is broad and liberal and a judgment that is true. He has filled many positions, accumulated friends that are legion, yet amidst all the multiplicity of his professional and official life, his integrity and character remain unimpeached.

"I have known Dr. Cotton long and intimately and I have seen him tested under many trying conditions. In the transitional stage, in the conversion of the rule of the Chicago Medical Society from an oligarchy to a democracy the position of Dr. Cotton was epochal. In that struggle conditions demanded as a leader no summer soldier or sunshine patriot. Times like these called for no political dilettante, who comes into camp when honors are most ripe to pluck. They called for no half-fledged chanticleer who was only just beginning to acquire a democratic crow. The time needed a general who had suffered the hardships of the camp, the toils of the march, the dangers of the field; one who had stood at the bloody angles and who had proved his mettle in the baptism of fire. Dr. Cotton met all these requirements.

"He does not cling to a thing simply because it is hoary with age. Neither will he embrace it because it is new. He is conservative enough to believe that nothing should be destroyed merely because it has lasted a long time. He is progressive enough not to reject an idea simply because it is not covered with the mildew of antiquity.

"These lines from Wayland Hoyt illustrate the character of Dr. Cotton; they also contain a sentiment which his life beautifully exemplifies :

"What are we here for, you and I,

As the long and wonderful days go by;
Each one stretching to us a hand
Filled with privilege high and grand?
Born of a meaning our lives must be,
God has a purpose in you and me.

"We are here, you and I, to pass along

Blossoms of kindness and gladness and song;
To give of our joy a sacred cup

That the hearts around us may be brimmed up;
And to hold to the struggling, where'er we stand,
The comfort and strength of a helping hand.'"

Dr. T. W. Brophy: "I accepted the invitation to be present tonight with the keenest delight. It was my good fortune to be one of Dr. Cotton's classmates at Rush Medical College. Dr. Cotton was even then a leader of men, brilliant in his classes, lovable in his personality, noble in his character. Dr. Cotton was the valedictorian of his class. I remember one episode during his student days, when he was delegated to present Professor Walter S. Haines with a microscope-a testimonial from the class-it was a monocular, all that the class could afford. In presenting the microscope he said: 'We did not give you a binocular, hoping that you would close one eye to our many faults and with the other magnify our few virtues.'

"Dr. Cotton held the chair of Diseases of Children

for many years in Rush Medical College. Foremost as a teacher of the subject in the United States, he was the ideal doctor of the hundreds of students who passed through the institution and who profited by his example. It is a pleasure to me, as I look around this hall and see so many graduates of Rush, graduates of every class for the past 38 years, also representatives of every college and society of medicine in the state, representatives of the army and marine medical corps and other organizations, to note that upon the foundation of friendships laid by Dr. Cotton 40 years ago, has been reared a magnificent temple of love and admiration. I feel that Dr. Cotton's best work is still before him, and that now he is approaching the zenith of his powers. Magnificent as has been his work, I feel that in future he will excel any of the past."

Dr. John A. Robison: "I must say I would have been greatly disappointed if I had not had an opportunity to voice my deep affection for our silver-haired, smiling-faced friend. Dr. Cotton has been associated with me for many years in college, hospital and professional work. He is the Mount Blanc of the medical profession of Illinois, snow-capped summer and winter, his peaks catch the morning and evening rays, reflecting light into the dark places. His sturdy form has been active in good deeds for mankind, laymen, and professional friends. I believe, Dr. Cotton, you will cherish the memories of this night as one of the choice occasions of your life, for these genuine expressions of love are more precious to receive than gold and gems. We hope that you will continue to be linked to us, your friends, for many years to come with these chains of fraternity."

Dr. J. Chase Stubbs: "There are two words in the English language which stand forth prominently and boldly-one is brother and the other is friend. Brotherhood is an accident of birth-one has no choice in the selection of his brother or brothers. Friendship occurs by attraction. It grows as the flower, conceived in the bud, ripens, expands, and unfolds its beauty to the sunlight, giving us the full blown flower. Friendship, unlike the flower, never dies. Friendship is always green, it is never young, neither is it ever old. It is not measured by time. Tonight we are all gathered together to tell our esteemed friend that we know him and that we prize his friendship. In place of waiting until our friends are laid away to rest, to shed the silent tear and drop a flower of tribute, we all gather together to give a joyous home-coming and to tell our honored guest that we honor, cherish, and love him while he is still in the full vigor of life."

Dr. Van Derslice: "We are here to do honor to the man who has been my teacher, superior, friend and brother for the past twenty years. No one can know the extreme gratification with which I view this body of representative medical men assembled here to do honor to him who has had more to do than any other man in the shaping of my medical career.

"Were I to eulogize him my thought would not run in the same channel as those who have preceded me this evening. We all recognize the army of friends that he has all over this country. It has seemed that to know him was to love him, but do we love him most for the friends or for the enemies he has made?

"As I look over this friendship of twenty years, one trait of his character stands out above all the rest: that is his loyalty to his friends. Cotton has suffered more, endured more for his friends than human mind can estimate. This high cost of loyalty must in a way be repaid by the reward of his knowing that we, his friends, know the fearful cost and recognize that sterling integrity in him that has endeared him to us and entrenched him in our hearts."

For want of space only a brief synopsis of the many speeches of praise and congratulation may be given: Col. James J. Healy, a civil war veteran and late of the 2nd Regt. I. N. G. after speaking feelingly of his

thirty years' intimate association with Dr. Cotton in the Veteran Union League, the G. A. R. and in the I. N. G., said, "Whether in camp as surgeon of the artillery battalion, in post as commander or in the Veteran Union League as a comrade, Captain Cotton was always consistent as an advocate of fair play. Always courageous in opposing cliques and ring rule, always popular on account of his character and personality."

Prof. D. W. Graham, ex-president of the Chicago and State Medical Societies, who served in the Civil War, a former teacher of Dr. Cotton's and later a colleague in hospital and college, said in part: "Our guest of the evening has been for many years my near neighbor, and I have always been proud to call him friend. Differing at times on matters of public or professional policy I have found him always honorable, fearless and straightforward with a personality that won him friends even among his political opponents.

"The merited encomiums heaped upon Dr. Cotton tonight by his fellows of the profession might well cause a less worthy heart to quail in fear of failure to make good in the future."

Dr. J. W. Pettit, former president State Medical Society, after expressing his great pleasure at being present at this magnificent ovation related a number of laughable experiences with Dr. Cotton forty-four years ago when the latter was principal of schools in southern Illinois, later renewing his acquaintance as his teacher in Rush Medical College. He eulogized Dr. Cotton's high character as instructor, author, friend and opponent.

Dr. C. S. Bacon, former president Chicago Medical Society, after congratulating Dr. Cotton upon this magnificent demonstration of friendship and appreciation entered at length upon an analytical exegesis regarding our guest's popularity and stated that ability, honesty, loyalty and character might in this instance be summed up in the one word personality.

Dr. Jacob Frank, retiring president Chicago Medical Society, reviewed at some length the different stages of Dr. Cotton's record as from the films of a cinematograph and from past performance and achievements predicted that the future held for him still more distinguished honors.

Dr. P. J. H. Farrell, late secretary Chicago Medical Society, and late captain in U. S. Army, congratulated Dr. Cotton upon the high esteem in which he was held by his old veteran friends and spoke feelingly of personal encouragement from our guest at a time when he was new to the profession in Chicago.

"This gathering is the most remarkable tribute to a man's character and ability that I have ever witnessed."

Dr. John Dill Robertson, president medical department Loyola University, spoke of his only too short acquaintance with Dr. Cotton. Congratulated him upon the well merited esteem of his fellows because of his achievements quoting:

"Somebody said it couldn't be done,

But he with a chuckle replied

That maybe it couldn't, but he would be one

Who wouldn't say so till he'd tried.

So he buckled right in with the trace of a grin

On his face. If he worried he hid it.

He started to sing as he tackled the thing
That couldn't be done, and he did it.

"Somebody scoffed—Oh you'll never do that
At least no one ever has done it.

But he took off his coat and he took off his hat,
And the first thing he knew he'd begun it.
With the lift of his chin and a bit of a grin,
Without any doubt or quiddit, he started to sing,
As he talked of the thing

That couldn't be done-and he did it."

Since the impromptu ovation scores of messages

by wire, letter and telephone have been received regretting that the senders were not informed in time to participate in the home coming welcome to Dr. Cotton.

The brief time allowed for preparation and the fact that so large an ovation was not contemplated' must be responsible for this lack of general notice.

SAYINGS OF THE FOUR WISE MEN

The first duty of a statesman is to preserve the public health.-Gladstone.

The care of the public health has become the first duty of the state.-Mayo.

Our national health is physically our greatest national asset.-Roosevelt.

But I believe that the conservation of men and women is of paramount importance in this world. -Bryan.-From Bulletin Kansas State Board of Health.

HEALTHGRAM Outdoor air is the best. Try this prescription.

Any old physicianI'll bet two bonesRecommends it:

Golfers know it:

R Seasonable clothes, q. s.,
(A sufficient outfit.)
Mislay your cares:
Sally forth:

March till in a healthy glow. Don't fail to repeat p. r. n.

After the Bulletin (A Long Way).

To measure the health security of a neighborhood, take a look at its back yards and its alleys. Shun a dirty neighborhood.

Eat, drink and be merry, for to-morrow we diet:

A funny old bird is the pelican.

His bill can hold more than his belican.
He can tote in his beak
Enough food for a week,

But we don't understand how the helican.
-Eatgrams from the Chicago Daily Press.

and eliminate much of the objections; and still better, they may be fitted with a dimmer.Root's Motor Digest.

CUTTING DOWN THE COST OF
MOTORING.

The recent performance of a New York man in driving a well known air-cooled car a distance of 83.5 miles on 1 gallon of gasoline is worth more than passing mention, even though it may have been more or less of a publicity stunt. It is true, also, that the car was especially prepared for the test by the addition of a number of ball bearings to lessen friction, and also by the removal of all superfluous parts so as to bring the weight of the car down as low as possible. That such a thing can be done at all calls attention to the fact that every motorist can economize on his fuel to the extent of saving about a third if he will simply give close attention to this matter until it has become second nature to him. Fuel can be saved by coasting down hills; it can be saved by making very steep hills on the second gear and running the engine more slowly; it can be saved by slowing the car to take turns instead of running up to them fast and then using the brake, and in a dozen other ways which will occur to any experienced driver.

Perhaps the real merit of the performance mentioned will be more apparent if some additional figures are given. The car was a fourcylinder air-cooled one and as stripped weighed 1,995 pounds so that the ton-mileage a gallon works out at 83.28. When it is considered that the average car owner seldom gets above onefourth of this fuel consumption (20.9 or in round figures 21 miles a gallon), and not one in a hundred does better than a ton-mileage of 25, a good idea is obtained of what the test showed was possible. Twenty-five ton-miles a gallon works out to 20 miles of traveling for a car weighing 2,500 pounds, 16.6 miles for a 3,000-pound car and 14.3 for a car which scales 3,500. From this it may be seen that the performance cited is about four times as good as the average owner is able to do. With the present price of fuel it should be borne in mind that even a very small saving like 10 per cent is well worth quite a little time and effort to say nothing of an enormous one amounting to perhaps 400 to 500 per cent as has just been pointed out.-Motor Life.

Society Proceedings

ALEXANDER COUNTY
Regular Meeting, June 19, 1913.

At the meeting of June 19, 1913, the following paper was read:

DOES NOT SCIENTIFIC MEDICINE CALL FOR CHANGE OF SPECIALISM?

A. A. BONDURANT. CAIRO, ILL.

By "Medicine" I mean the science of healing, or relieving the abnormal condition of fellow beings, whether by the so-called general practitioner or specialist. Since the days when the barbers were surgeons the specialists have multiplied by division and subdivision, until most every important part of our anatomy has its medical friend, who lauds its importance, and by actions if not words, minimizes the remaining anatomical parts without which his idol could not have existed. I could not, nor would I detract from the grand achievements of specialists from the beginning to this moment. Mankind has ever honored the practice or art, now science of medicine. For the old stock is going to be disposed of, slowly at first, but rapidly within the near future, when an invoice of specialists will not reveal their identity by the size of hand-bag, tone of voice, or blood in eye, but by the essence of concentrated thought, gleaned from analytical study of man, normal and abnormal, and the cause of the latter which necessarily implies, as far as possible, the removal of the cause.

The new era of specialism will not be recognized as now by an anatomical line of demarcation distinctly drawn; as eye, ear, nose, chest, abdomen, genito-urinary, rectal, skin, orthopedic, nervous, heart, lungs, kidney, stomach, circulatory, feebleminded, insane (pardon the digression), why has not some enterprising M. D. made a specialty of "attention to intelligent people"; I cannot enumerate all, but will mention a few more; the surgeon, gynecologist, children, male, female and even specialists for the fat and lean. The future specialist will, first, be a diagnostician; that is what every M. D. should be, for without it he is not a physician, simply an imitator, or a mechanic, of which there are many grades. Once a diagnostician (not by proxy), as "Dick" says urine is so and so; "Jerry" says stomach is so and so; "Harry" says reflexes are so and so; "Sam" says field of vision is contracted, right eye astigmatic and vision in same 20/40, left eye vision equals 20/200, but can't find the cause; a surgeon may be inclined to place more importance upon those findings which indicated the necessity of a brilliant operation; if an internal medicine man, he may stand by the opposite side of the equation as given to him. The one who does the work has a different spirit leading him, as his personal equation yields to the evidence that is clear cut, because it is more certain.

Here beginneth the future specialists: Tubercular

infection invades every organ in our bodies, as do syphilis, typhoid, malaria, rheumatic, cancer, streptococcic, diplococcic, alcholism. You may be an expert at syphilis, but the orthopedic surgeon will draw the line if you approach the syphilitic joint. The skin man will defy you, the oculist ignore you. The streptococcic endometrium and tube following confinement may cause a ruffle between the obstetrican and gynecologists, by crossing the imaginary line between the bread-winning domains of adjoining neighbors; the obstetrician herd has entered the field of the gynecologist, who proceeds to reap the harvest, practically because of the time-honored argument, "Possession is Nine Points in Law," "O" imported, nourished, and multiplied cocci from 1 to 8 or 10 days, receiving the sum of $10.00 to $40.00 for his services, "G" receives from one to five hundred dollars for a much less expenditure of nerve force and labor. Other things equal, "O" was the better prepared to muzzle and destroy the enemy, he having observed his peculiar mode of invasion and degree of resis

tance.

In 1865, Robley Dunglison describes a specialist as, "One who devotes himself to a specialty; as to diseases of particular parts, as of the eye, ear, chest, etc." As practiced today the great Lexicographer's definition would need no revision. In 1904, Frof. C. M. Stevans' Revised Common Sense Dictionary says: "Specialist-a person who devotes himself to, or who has a special knowledge of some particular subject." The latter explanation is nearer in keeping with the known truths of this period, but has not been accepted by our specialists.

Is diphtheria a disease of the nose and throat and so treated and conceded as the property of the specialist? Answer. No, the up-to-date medical man immediately proceeds to secure and administer the remedy, usually in side or back of infected child because that part of his anatomy is best suited to receive the specific remedy. Search the storehouse of your knowledge and mention the disease, or diseases, purely local to any organ of man. Not a disease of heart, lung, stomach, kidney, intestine, bladder, bone, muscle, etc., but an infection which has invaded heart, lungs, etc., and is pronounced a disease of a special organ because its local manifestations are more pronounced. I cannot recall an infection which is technically local.

The meningitis infection (epidemic) has been found in the nose and throat of patients, but within the cerebrospinal cavities they seem to be at home; other pathologic bacteria produce cerebrospinal meningitis, yet differing in some respects, their most prolific field of action being other organs necessitating a remedy somewhat different, because of different toxines, if best results are expected. So in this a specialist would not be a specialist for the brain and cord, but a qualified bacteriologist, who can utilize both positive and negative evidence. The best and only scientific management of such is to

withdraw some spinal fluid, search and find the enemy, and treat accordingly. Puncturing the spinal canal is a delicate surgical procedure properly done, vet who calls the specialist to perform the task. To follow the rule, which was recently attempted, to eliminate all so-called internal medicine men from using a surgical knife, would if applied to all alike, confine surgeons to traumatic surgical cases, for they and only they are truthfully local. Can all medical men do surgical work? No, but the percentage of medico-surgical men is fully as high as that of surgico-medical, and he who claims for himself and kind, a superiority entitling them to special privileges, or correctly speaking, seek and demand. the curtailment of privileges from their equals leaving the self constituted judges monarch of all they survey, have forgotten one of the principles set forth in the declaration of American Independence, and one of the most beautiful attributes of civilization, Modesty as taught by their mothers from early infancy. The best surgeons of today are those who know most scientific medicine and practice same. Save the race from the ravages of those who boast, they know nothing save one of the numerous socalled specialties, as any one is but a fraction of the whole. Many mechanics are used in the construction of a locomotive, each in the part which he knows, but when the locomotive has been assembled and placed for duty, to whom is it entrusted on the mission of life or death-a mechanic? No. An engineer who is supposed to be familiar with all parts, and he must be if he is a high grade engineer.

It is not my province to draw anew imaginary lines through human anatomy and label each section, that future medical men might each take his choice for a specialty, and by close application to same, obtain superior skill, which would seem unnatural, as some specialists would unconsciously paint the map of the medical world, as it now exists. The greatest physicians today (and by that I include every specialty) is the best diagnostician, clear cut, analytical; monarch of all he surveys, mentally and scientifically qualified to do the best for any defect found in any part of the body.

The thought confronts me here that scientific medicine pleads for few specialties, not limited by anatomical lines, but by the ravages produced by the direction and scope traversed by the cyclone. Knowing the enemy and its customs, one may elect to combat a certain class of infections, and they permeate the entire system, then in that sense he would be a specialist. Should he conquer with serum, antidotes, or combinations, honor him, for such is his due. Failing, discredit him not, for if abscess, paralysis, hypertrophy, atrophy, necrosis, distortion, dislocation, or fracture be left in the wake, he is best prepared to carry out or suggest treatment. It has been said one may be an operator and not a surgeon, but a surgeon is both. One who is skilled in operating and is not an analytical diagnostician should be

leased to the latter, or enter other fields of labor, for his knife is far more dangerous than that of the diagnostician. The ideal is a diagnostician, therapeutist, and surgeon. The so-called internal medicine man and the surgeon take in the whole field of our professional work; others have taken a small section, side-stepped and by close application (some) have become more efficient in surgical manipulation and possibly medication in some instances than those not limited. Do not understand me to advocate the doctrine that all physicians should do everything brought to them. One who does not know when the tension of an eye is normal, plus or minus, has no right to prescribe for that eye, neither should he prescribe for an ear unless he is familiar with normal color and tension of the drum. If we have not studied the normal nose, septum, turbinates, and their relations to each other then keep out. I have been told a man cannot be informed upon all those branches which are simply component parts of the whole. The average man deceives himself in the thought that he cannot master it. Could all people of this community who when babes were given oil, paregoric, sage tea, and carried about by different members of the family from 8:00 p. m. till sunrise next day on account of colic (supposedly) the good doctor having been with them since midnight, appear in a body and remind us they fell asleep after the most miserable twelve hours of their existence, because an over distended middle-ear, from an acute infection, had ruptured the membrana tympani giving a measure of relief, we would blush with shame. Could we excuse ourselves because we were not specialists? Positively no. Can an internal medicine man keep half a dozen specialists with him for emergencies? Then what should he do? Stand erect, master the anatomical scientific, and practical elements of our profession and hurl defiance at the posers who either lack the energy or ability to do a thing so essential.

COOK COUNTY. CHICAGO MEDICAL SOCIETY

Annual Meeting, June 25, 1913.

The annual meeting was held June 25, 1913, with the president, Dr. Jacob Frank, in the chair. The various committees rendered their reports and the new officers were installed: Dr. Charles P. Caldwell, president; Dr. James A. Clark, president-elect; Dr. Charles H. Parkes, secretary; and John S. Nagel, treasurer.

Meeting of Alienists and Neurologists. Under the Auspices of the Chicago Medical Society, June 23-25, 1913.

DR. HAROLD MOYER, chairman. DR. W. T. MEFFORD, Secretary.

PROGRAM

Address by the Chairman. DR. HAROLD N. MOYER
Welcome Address by the President of the Chicago
Medical Society.
DR. JACOB FRANK