Power Electronics in Transportation

alternator voltage application architecture attenuation circuit automotive auxiliary switch average power consumption battery boost converter brushless capacitor cascade inverter charge clamp clamp circuit CM noise coil current commutation brushes components conduction losses cost current-fed cycle dc/dc converter diode direct torque control driveshaft efficiency Electric Vehicle energy Figure Fijalkowski engine filter flux control flux linkage fuel cell full-bridge H-Bridge hard-switching homopolar motor Hybrid Electric Vehicles IEEE IGBT improved ZCT increase induction alternator induction motor inductor input load current long stator macrocommutator main brushes main switches maximum mode modules motor drive multilevel inverter operation output overall parameters peak phase PMSM pole voltage Power Electronics power MOSFETs rectifier resonant current resonant inductor ripple rotor shown in Fig simulated snubber soft-switching topologies stator flux steering switching frequency switching losses topology torque control loop triacs turn-off loss turn-on vector waveforms