24. So likewise an attributive adverb is used sometimes for an attributive adjective, as, "The very man ;" "The people there." 25. NOTE. A large proportion of the adjectives of material, in our language are properly substantives. Thus, gold, silver, tin, wood, wire, lead, &c., are all used as adjectives.

26. REMARK. From the above, it is evident that use, as well as signification, must be considered, in determining the real substantive, predicative, or a tributive character of a

term.

EXERCISE 2.-Distinguish the different kinds of terms in the following. Note such as are used out of their first and proper signification.

(ILLUSTRATION. "Shell combs." "Shell is a substantive word, used here as an attributive; “Comb" is a substantive word.)

Wood-houses, lead pipe, the then king, under side, stonebridges, building material, rain drops, by paths, steel saws, iron wheels, men servants, converging lines, long walks, she wolves, the house there, eating saloon, hand me a book, ship the goods, stone the thief, cast stones, fence a field, shoe the horse.

SEC. III.-CONNECTIVE-WORDS.

27. CONNECTIVE-WORDS, are used to join different thoughts. They may be divided into,

1. COÖRDINATE CONNECTIVES.

2. SUBORDINATE CONNECTIVES.

28. Coördinate Connectives are used to join coördinate elements. (See Chap. III., Sec. VIII.) They are the conjunctions: and, both, but, either, neither, or, nor, yet. The following adverbs likewise have often the force of connectives, viz: also, accordingly, besides, even, likewise, therefore, thereupon, hence, so, then, moreover, now, further, furthermore, still, nevertheless, consequently; and the expressions, " as well as," on the other hand."

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29. Of the above, the following are used correlatively, viz: both-and, either-or, neither-nor, and also, and-likewise, now-now, not only-but also, "on the one hand-on the other hand."

30. Subordinate connectives are used to introduce subordinate elements, (See Chap. III., Sec. IV.) They are the conjunctions: as, although, albeit, because, if, lest, provided, seeing, that, though, than, unless, whereas.

31. The following prepositions have the force of connectives, when used to introduce clauses, viz: after, before, ere, for, except, since, save, without, until. The following combinations with the conjunction that, are mere connectives, viz: as that, because that, but that, so that, seeing that, now that, &c. So likewise the expressions, so as, as though, than if; some of which arise from an ellipsis of a clause. The expressions, "in as much as," (since,) " in order that," (= that,) and "forasmuch as,” (= since,) are mere connectives.

EXERCISE 3.-Distinguish the different kinds of significant terms; also the coordinate and subordinate connectives. Note those words which are used out of their ordinary signification. We, and, you, though, either, see, seeing, because, begins, going, moreover, that. but, comes, lest, me, ye, or, in order that, whereas, almost, although, yet, useful, with, provides, provided, as, but that, as if, in as much as, as well as, not only-but also, both-and, unless.

Healing balms, tin roofs, ivory combs, Boston goods, pewter plates, a morning sail, the rising sun, a buffalo hunt, the after part of the ship.

SEC. IV. RELATION-WORDS.

32. RELATION-WORDS express the relationship of significant thoughts. They consist of the following prepositions, viz: Aboard, about, above, across, after, against, along, amid or amidst, among or amongst, around, at, athwart; bating, before, behind, below, beneath, beside or besides, between or betwixt, beyond; concerning, down, during; ere, except, excepting; for, from; in, into; mid, midst; notwithstanding, of, out, over, overthwart; past, pending; regarding, respecting, round; since; through, throughout, till, to, touching, toward or towards; under, underneath, until, unto, up, upon; with, within, without.

33. NOTE 1. The following are sometimes used as relation-words, viz: Aslope, adown, afore, along, alongside, aslant, astride, atween, atwixt, across, dehors, despite.

34. NOTE 2. The adverb off, and the conjunction but, when followed by an objective case, are relation-words: as "Off the table," All but John." The word a in such expressions as, " a fishing," "a hunting," is a relation

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