found three cases, one of which was immediately destroyed; the other two were turned over to the marshal. One of them was owned by a man in the adjoining county, and was slipped off by the owner. when Marshal Benjamine notified the officers of that county to look after the case; and the other was taken back to the former owner by the party in whose possession we found it, and has since been killed. On Thursday I visited Mr. Ryan's ranch, which was reported to have diseased animals on it, but I found none there.

I met Mr. McCrab, of Thomaston, who was also reported to have sick horses on his ranch, but he positively denied having any sick animals at the present time. His ranch being some 10 miles distant I did not visit it owing to such assurance. I then visited Mr. Burns's ranch. Not finding anything I drove to Mr. Bonner's and examined his horses and mules, he being reported to have the same disease among his stock which had killed that of others, and also to have had it himself, and to be able to cure it. I found no disease among his stock, but on the neighboring ranch I found a well-defined case of glanders in a mule in the possession of Spencer Spriggs. He had it destroyed the next day. On Friday, hearing of three suspicious cases, I visited Mr. Louis Burns, jr.'s, ranch and two neighboring ranches, and found one developed case in the chronic form, and immediately had it killed; on post-mortem examination the lungs showed a mass of tubercles. On Saturday I visited Mr. Wooford's ranch and saw three head that were exposed to a horse believed to have glanders, which had since been killed, but they showed no symptoms of the disease; and on returning to the city I went to Mr. Lackey's ranch, but found no glanders. On Saturday I followed up some false alarms, but found no cases. On Monday I visited the ranch of Mr. Braoh in company with Mr. J. Miller, and examined two horses that the former had removed from the city about three weeks previously. They were found to be glandered, and he agreed to have them destroyed the next day. This was the last case I could hear of. I returned to the city. It being past train time I prepared to leave for home, which I did the next day.

There were numerous rumors of cases in the neighboring counties, where it no doubt exists; but there were no reports of serious attacks, and as I was only commissioned to inquire into and report on the outbreak in De Witt County I had to consider my investigation at an end.

In summing up I wish to thank the citizens of Cuero for their assistance in ferreting out and having destroyed all cases of glanders to be found in De Witt County.

In Texas, there being no law to compel the destruction of animals with glanders, and as a great many of the cases were found in the hands of a poor class of people, such as Mexicans and negroes, who are quite ignorant of the nature of the disease, having bought or traded for them while diseased, they seemed to think that as long as they could eat, drink, and work, a little discharge from the nose amounted to nothing. To get glandered stock belonging to this class of people destroyed quietly, without causing an open rupture, required some policy.

There are a great many horses and mules raised here every year, and consequently there is a great deal of common distemper every season. In the fall and winter the days are hot and the nights very cool, and in consequence colds and catarrhal discharges are common in horses in this locality. These, of course, as a rule, get well. When

glanders get into a locality where these conditions are common, owners, not being able to distinguish the difference between the different diseases, are in consequence led astray, and argue that the one horse is sick the same as the other, and as the one got well the other may also.

Out of the seventeen cases I found, sixteen were in the chronic form. Most of them were in fair condition, being worked or ridden, which might be due to the mild climate, but which made the disease all the more treacherous. I believe its spread in the locality was due principally to the public watering place. On the open range I do not think there is as much danger of spreading the disease, as there most of the stock is watered at ponds, a great many of which are made artificially in low places to catch and hold surface water, and are termed tanks. They are seldom drunk to the bottom, where the discharge of glanders generally sinks, and when dropped on the grass where the animal is grazing it is destroyed in a short time by flies and insects, or the rains wash it off the grass and into the earth.

In regard to the resolutions passed at a mass meeting called by the mayor and other prominent citizens of San Antonio at the instigation. of a half dozen horse dealers, declaring that there was not a case of glanders in the State of Texas, nor in their belief has there ever been one in the State, and these statements indorsed by two veterinary surgeons practising in the city of San Antonio and published in the San Antonio Express, I will say that in the four years I have practiced in Texas I have seen a good many cases, and I know that it exists to a considerable extent throughout the State. I have seen over 25 cases in the city of Dallas. One stockman in Grayson County lost 375 out of 530 odd head of horses. The contractors of the Fort Worth and Denver Railroad (Cary & Jones) lost 33 head in 1887. A party living near Bryan, Brazos County, lost 44 head in 1888. A number died and others were killed in the Sherman street-car stables in 1887. A suit was brought in the courts of Fort Worth, and judgment rendered for the plaintiff. The ground upon which said suit was brought was glanders. In this case some 300 out of 450 animals died and were killed for glanders. I have seen and know glanders to exist in ten different counties in north Texas. I have condemned' horses for glanders several times, but owing to the loose laws of the State regarding contagious diseases I could do no more, and the owners have spirited them away to some distant point and traded them off. I condemned a mare for glanders, a well-marked case in the chronic form, in April, 1888. She was traded to a shipper of horses in a neighboring county, who was warned that she had glanders. His reply was, that he did not care. He put her in with a carload of horses, and shipped her to a neighboring State. I was forbidden by the owners to go on a farm in Dallas County, this spring, to examine some horses believed by the neighbors to have glanders. The parties interested, when they could not get the horses examined, applied to the county judge, prosecuting attorney, and grand jury, and they all decided that according to the law nothing could be done. These horses have since been taken out of the county and traded off. Another party in this State took a drove of horses, about 100 in number, to a certain county in a neighboring State and sold them. In about two months he returned with another lot, and 36 of the first lot had died from glanders. He had to shift his base and hunt another market. I could go on and multiply these, and I am prepared to furnish the names and dates and can easily substantiate all

the statements I have here named by facts and witnesses beyond contradiction.

Now I do not believe in creating any unnecessary alarm in saying there are ten cases when there are only five. I feel that I am as much identified with the interest of the State of Texas as any other citizen. I do not believe it is right to deny facts, especially in connection with a disease of the character of glanders, when by the proper laws and officers to enforce them it can be completely stamped out. The neighboring States believe, know, and assert, that there is glanders in Texas. The State veterinarian of Indiana a year ago considered the propriety of asking the governor to quarantine against all Texas horses coming into that State on account of three distinct outbreaks of glanders directly traceable to the importation of Texas horses. The State veterinarian of Illinois had the same question under advisement for the same causes. They know that we have no laws whereby we can systematically arrest the spread of any contagious disease; that we have no State funds to apply to the eradication of any such cases, and no authorized officers to take cognizance of any contagious disease whatever.

We know we have glanders here; so what is the use of denying it. Denying facts is only misleading to the ignorant, and does the State more damage by allowing the disease to still further spread.

Very respectfully,

WM. FOLSETTER, M. D., V. S.

DALLAS, TEX., November 15, 1890,

REGULATING THE TRANSPORTATION OF SOUTHERN CATTLE.

Hon. J. M. RUSK,

Secretary of Agriculture:

SIR: By your direction, April 1, 1890, I assumed control of the yarding and "routing" of all cattle that have arrived at the Kansas City stockyards, from April 1 to December 1, 1890. With the aid of the assistant inspectors stationed at the different railroad yards, I have yarded all cattle that have come since March 15, 1890, from any point south of the line described in your order in the west side division of the Kansas City stockyards.

Assistant Inspector Howard Rhoades, at Argentine, Kans., inspected and routed, via Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fé Railroad, 8,998 cars containing Southern cattle. Of these 7,674 cars were billed to Kansas City and 1,324 cars consigned direct to Chicago. Three thousand three hundred and ninety-seven cars were billed from stations that are from 1 to 75 miles north of the Department quarantine line. Assistant Inspector Anderson M. Hunter, at Parsons, Kans., on the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railroad, inspected and marked Southern cattle on the waybills of 8,500 cars of cattle, 5,840 of which were consigned to Chicago, 1,458 cars to St. Louis, and 1,202 cars to Kansas City stockyards.

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Assistant Inspector Charles E. Collins, at Herington, Kans., on the western division of the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad, inspected and directed" 1,830 cars as "Southern cattle." Of these 1,412 came to Kansas City, 411 cars went to Chicago, and 7 were shipped to Omaha. Two hundred and fourteen cars of these cattle were billed from north of the quarantine line. Having no competent United States inspector for the Missouri Pacific Railroad, it was thought best to leave it in charge of Joseph Bruser, inspector for the State of Missouri, who had orders to cooperate with and report to the inspector of the Bureau of Animal Industry at Kansas City, Mo. Mr. Bruser did good service by designating 1,045 car loads as "Southern cattle." Eight hundred and three carloads were consigned to Kansas City, and 242 cars for Chicago. Three hundred and eightytwo cars were billed from stations in Kansas.

July 15 Assistant Inspector Thomas W. Oshel reported for instruction, and on the 15th of September he was assigned to a station at Springfield, Mo., on the St. Louis and San Francisco Railroad, it being believed that many cattle were run that way to avoid the inspection at Kansas City. Assistant Inspector Oshel's report shows these rumors to be well founded, by his marking "Southern cattle"

on the waybills of 886 carloads of cattle consigned to St. Louis. Fifty-one cars were from stations north of the thirty-seventh degree north latitude.

Received from other railroads 33 cars of Southern cattle, making in all a total of 21,292 carloads of Southern cattle that have passed under our observation.

Col. A. J. McCoy, assistant inspector, did valuable service for the Bureau of Animal Industry in superintending the cleansing and disinfecting of stock cars, and in making known the regulations and wishes of the Bureau of Animal Industry to managers of the different railroads doing interstate business at this point. The inspectors here miss his wise counsel, and in his death the Bureau has lost a faithful officer.

It has been a very hard matter to get the railroads here to clean and disinfect in a satisfactory manner the cars that brought in Southern cattle, to say nothing of getting them to clean and disinfect cars that had been used for carrying Northern cattle, when used again to transport "feeders" or "export cattle.

In the general inspection of the yards during the season I found at various times 49 cars of cattle that were yarded in the wrong "division." These cattle were removed, and the pens and chutes cleaned and disinfected.

To inform you of the condition of the Kansas City stockyards during the past season, it would only be necessary for me to state that of the 70,000 Northern and Western cattle that have been shipped from these yards into the State of Kansas, not one animal has died of Texas fever.

Southern Texas cattle have been driven north of the southern boundary line of the counties of Childress, Hall, Briscoe, Swisher, Castro, and Parmer, in the Panhandle of Texas, since March 15, 1890, in violation of the regulations of the Department of Agriculture. These cattle caused Texas fever in Castro, Randall, Potter, and Hutchinson counties, Texas.

In all cases where parties allowed native cattle to run on the same range with Southern cattle, the assistant inspectors were instructed to "route" all such native Panhandle cattle as "Southern cattle.” The railroad companies transporting cattle from the "West-side division" of the Kansas City stockyards, invariably marked the waybills "Southern cattle."

There were five outbreaks of Texas fever in Missouri and Kansas from cattle that were brought from Texas in February, 1890, causing the loss of more than 400 native cattle. Two cars of these Texas cattle passed through the Kansas City stockyards.

Respectfully submitted.

KANSAS CITY, Mo., December 12, 1890.

ALBERT DEAN,

Inspector.