Vicissitudes of Whigs and Tories . Not true that the parties have exchanged their principles Restrictions on the political influence of the commercial classes Intellectual tendency towards despotism Growth of the doctrine of the Divine Right of Kings Summary of the causes of the Revolution Part played by general and particular causes in history Unpopularity of the Revolutionary Government Strength of the English hatred of foreigners . It acted at first in favour of the Revolution And was strengthened by the Protestant feelings of the country The jealousy of foreigners gradually turns against the Revolution England desires the acceptance of the will of Charles II. Change of feeling produced by the invasion of Flanders 38 Government at length completely Whig . Alienation of the Queen. The Ministers depend mainly for their power on the continuance of the war Marlborough refused the position of Captain-General Downfall of the Whigs Coincidence of great ecclesiastical influence in England with great political and intellectual activity Relations of the clergy to the Revolution: the abjuration oath Analysis of the Whig Party. 1. The Aristocracy Their remarkable liberality in England Their influence in raising public labour to honour Effect of the funding system and of the great mercantile corpora- tions in strengthening the Whigs Political corruption by rich merchants Summary of the political influence of the commercial classes Insurrection of 1715 Languor of public opinion. The Septennial Act Decline of the Monarchical Sentiment in England Multiplication of disputed successions throughout Europe Decay of the doctrine of Divine right The party interest of the Tories hostile to the reigning King The respect for law opposed to high monarchical views Influences favourable to the royal power were overbalanced. Increased simplicity of the Court Growth of party government diminishes monarchical authority 241 |