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liary troops required by his Britan nic majesty should be obliged to march by land, and to traverse the dominions of any other powers, his Britannic majesty shall use his endeavours jointly with her Imperial majesty of all the Russias to obtain for them a free passage, and shall supply them on their march with the necessary provisions and forage in the manner stipulated in the preceding article; and when they shall have to cross the sea, his Britannic majesty shall take upon himself either to transport them in his own ships, or to defray the expences of their passage; the same is also to be understood as well with regard to the recruits which her Imperial majesty will be obliged to send to her troops, as respecting their return to Russia, whenever they shall either be sent back by his Britannic majesty, or recalled by her Imperial majesty of all the Russias for her own defence, according to article 6 of this treaty. It is farther agreed upon, that, in case of recalling or sending back the said troops, an adequate convoy of ships of war shall escort them for their security.

9. The commanding officer, whe. ther of the auxiliary troops of her Imperial majesty of all the Russias, or of the squadron which his Britannic majesty is to furnish Russia with, shall keep the command which has been entrusted to him; but the command in chief shall belong most certainly to him whom the requiring party shall appoint for that purpose; under the restriction, however, that nothing of importance shall be undertaken that shall not have been beforehand regulated and determined upon in a council of war, in the

presence of the general and commanding officers of the party re quired.

10. And, in order to prevent all disputes about rank, the requiring party shall give due notice of the officer to whom he will give the command in chief, whether of a fleet or of land forces; to the end that the party required may regulate in consequence the rank of him who shall have to command the auxiliary troops or ships.

11. Moreover, these auxiliary: forces shall have their own chaplains, and the entire free exercise of their religion, and shall not be judged in whatever appertains to military service, otherwise than according to the laws and articles of war of their own sovereign. It shall likewise be permitted for the general and the rest of the auxiliary forces to keep up a free correspondence with their country, as well by letters as expresses.

12. The auxiliary forces on both sides shall be kept together as much as possible; and in order to avoid their being subjected to greater fatigues than the others, and to the end that there may be in every expedition and operation a perfect equality, the commander in chief shall be bound to observe on every occasion a just proportion, according to the force of the whole fleet or army.

13. The squadron which his Britannic majesty is to furnish by virtue of this alliance, shall be ad. mitted into all the ports of her Imperial majesty of all the Russias, where it shall experience the most amicable treatment, and shall be provided with every thing which it may stand in need of, on paying the same price as the ships of her Imperial

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Imperial majesty of all the Russias; and the same squadron shall be allowed to return every year to the ports of Great Britain, as soon as the season will no longer permit it to keep the sea; but it is formally and from this time forward stipu. lated, that this squadron shall return every year to the Baltic sea about the beginning of the month of May, not to quit it again before the month of October, and that as often as the exigency of the treaty shall require it.

14. The requiring party, in claiming the succours stipulated by this treaty, shall point out at the same time to the required party, the place where he shall wish that it may, in the first instance, repair; and the said requiring party shall be at liberty to make use of the said succour during the whole time it shall be continued to him, in such manner and at such places as he shall judge to be most suitable for his services against the aggressor.

15. The conditions of this treaty of alliance shall not be applicable to the wars which may arise between her Imperial majesty of all the Russias and the powers and people of Asia, respecting whom his Britannic majesty shall be dispensed with from furnishing the succours stipulated by the present treaty; excepting in the case of an attack made by any European power against the rights and possessions of her Imperial majesty, in whatever part of the world it may As also, on the other hand, her Imperial majesty of all the Russias shall not be bound to furnish the succours stipulated by this same treaty in any case whatever, excepting that of an attack made by

be.

any European power against the rights and possessions of his Bri tannic majesty, in whatever part of the world it may be.

16. It has been in like manner agreed upon, that considering the great distance of places, the troops which her Imperial majesty of all the Russias will have to furnish by virtue of this alliance, for the defence of his Britannic majesty, shall not be sent to Spain, Portugal, or Italy, and still less out of Europe.

17.

If the succours stipulated in the fourth article of this treaty should not be sufficient, in that case the contracting parties reserve to themselves to make a farther provision between themselves with respect to the additional succours which they should give to each other.

18. The requiring party shall make neither peace nor truce with the common enemy, without in. cluding the required party, to the end that the latter may not suffer any injury in consequence of the succours he shall have given to his ally.

19. The present defensive alli ance shall in no way derogate from the treaties and alliances which the high contracting parties may have with other powers, inasmuch as the said treaties shall not be contrary to this, nor to the friendship and good understanding which they are resolved constantly to keep up between them.

20. If any other power would accede to this present alliance, their said majesties have agreed to con cert together upon the admission of such power.

21. The two high contracting parties, desiring mutually and with

eagerness

eagerness to strengthen and to consolidate as much as possible the friendship and union already hap. pily subsisting between them, and to protect and extend the commerce between their respective subjects, promise to proceed without delay to the forming of a definitive arrangement of commerce.

22. As circumstances may make it necessary to make some change in the clauses of the present treaty, the high contracting parties have thought proper to fix the duration of it to eight years, counting from the day of exchanging the ratifica. tions: but before the expiration of the eighth year it shall be renewed according to existing circum

stances.

23. The present treaty of alli. ance shall be ratified, and the ratifications exchanged here, in the space of two months, or sooner if it can be done.

In witness whereof the above mentioned ministers plenipotentiary on both sides have signed the present treaty, and have thereunto affixed the seals of their arms.

(L.S.)

Done at St. Petersburgh this
eighteenth day of February,
one thousand seven hundred
and ninety-five.

(L.S.) (L.S.)

CHARLES WHITWORTH.

most gracious sovereign, the em. press of all the Russias, governor general of Minck, Izaslaw, and Bracklaw, knight of the Russian order of St. Alexander Newsky, &c.

In executing the Supreme will of my most gracious sovereign, the empress of all the Russias, be it known to all those whom it may concern, that her Imperial majesty, having repressed the troubles gene. rally prevailing in the provinces occupied by her troops, means to incorporate with her own estates for ever the provinces adjoining to the governments committed to my care.

For the purpose of maintaining justice and good order, and pre serving the limits of the ancient frontier between the Russian and Austrian possessions to the river Bog, the countries along the de scent of that river, to the fron tier of Lithuania, comprising the palatines of Wolhynia and Chelm, situate on the right side of the Bog; and all the lands, districts, and towns adjoining the palatinates of Beltz and Russia, shall, in future and for ever, belong to the Rus. sian crown, and a perpetual subjec tion is attached henceforth to all the inhabitants of these provinces, and all the proprietors, of every

CTE. JEAN D'OSTERMAN. age, sex, or rank whatever.

ALEXANDER СТЕ. DE

BESBORODKO.

(L.S.) ARCADI DE MARCOFF.

Manifesto on the Part of the Empress of Russia relative to the Affairs of Poland.

I, Timothy Tutolmin, lieutenant-general of the armies of my

For this purpose I have received strict orders from her majesty, the empress, to assure all her new sub. jects in her name and on her word, that they shall be admitted to all her benefits and distinctions granted by her Imperial manifesto of the 27th of March, 1793, as fol. lows:

1. Her most gracious majesty not only confirms to all persons the full and free exercise of their reli. T 3 gion

gion, but also guarantees to all an equal participation of all the rights, immunities, and privileges, enjoyed by her ancient subjects, so that the citizens of the incorporated provinces shall be entitled to all the advantages suitable to their condi. tions, through the whole extent of the empire of Russia.

2. All the citizens in general of the newly annexed provinces, beginning with the dignitaries of the most distinguished nobility, and proceeding to the lowest proprie. tors, shall within the space of one month take solemn oaths of fidelity and subjection to her majesty the empress, and the grand dukes her successors, before the persons whom her Imperial majesty shall officially appoint to receive them. On the other hand, if any of the nobility or other persons, possessing im. moveable property, shall neglect to take such oath at the time appointed, they are allowed within the space of three months, to dispose of such immoveable property, and remove from the country; but, after the expiration of three months, all the goods and pro. perty that remain shall be sequestered.

3. All the clergy high and low, are charged not only to shew promptitude in taking this oath, but also shall publicly offer up prayers every day for the preservation of the health of her Imperial majesty, and her son the grand duke Paul Petrovitch, and all the imperial family, according to the formulæ which shall be given to them.

Until an order of government shall be introduced for the happiness of this country, conformably to the gracious regulations of her Imperial majesty, the existing tri.

bunals in the countries, palatinates and districts annexed, shall exercise their functions at the usual periods, in the name and on the authority of her Imerial majesty, and in conformity to the rules of justice and good order.

I declare finally, that the troops stationed in these countries shall observe the strictest discipline, live at the expence of the state, and offer no interruption whatever to agriculture, trade, or commerce.

In order that this manifesto may be universally known, it is ordered to be read in all the churches on the 28th of June, 1795, enregistered in all the courts, and posted up in such places as may be deemed necessary.

Done by the order of my most gra. cious sovereign the Empress, and signed with my own hand and arms, 18th of June, 1795, (L.S.) TIMOTHY TUTOLMIN.

Proclamation by Sir Gilbert Ellist, Viceroy of Corsica.

In the name of the King.

THE facts that have occurred in some districts, and the errors committed by a part of the inhabi. tants, seduced by turbulent minds, have induced me to expose to the view of all Corsicans the grievous consequences of such conduct, in order to preserve them from this bad example, to maintain them in the observance of the laws, and in just obedience to his majesty's government. It is well known, that from certain circumstances and past events, Corsica was reduced to a situation the most dangerous for any nation to experience. It was this situation that moved the mag

nanimity

nanimity of his majesty to afford it assistance, and with the sovereignty, to accept the task of rendering it happy. It is not necessary to repeat the sacrifices that have been made, and how much English blood has been bravely and generously shed, for the purpose of effecting that undertaking. In the circumstances in which it is incumbent on his majesty to supply the most considerable expences, he has not ceased to communicate, with the utmost liberality, in whatever he thought necessary for the defence of the island; the English troops have been employed to protect it; several Corsican battalions raised and maintained by his majesty's beneficence, and an arsenal established at Ajaccio; navigation has been restored, and care has been taken to protect it from the enemy; industry has been compensated by riches, and the means of consump tion increased by the station of the fleet and army; the national credit has been respected by foreigners, and supported by all the political influence of his majesty; laws have been framed according to the constitution of the kingdom; the public authorities regulated and protected; individual liberty pre. served inviolable, and every motive for intestine division suppressed; the exercise of the religion of your ancestors has been re-established, and a happy conclusion to the ar. ticles presented by the parliament to his holiness the pope may soon be expected; and, in fine, a rapid progress in every point towards a perfect organization of the system of government effected, with the applause and consent of the whole nation. But when we promised ourselves that the moral effects

of these changes would have been sufficient for the maintenance of tranquillity and obedience to the laws, and to direct the national activity towards industry and every means of accelerating the general good, it was with much displeasure that, in some pirts, we perceived tumults formed, for the purpose of forcing the peaceable and well. behaved subjects to participate in acts of turbulence and licentiousness, viz. to burn the public naga. zines, to declare and resolve against the payment of the imposts, to search the houses of individuals by an armed force, and threaten the lives of the citizens, with several other inconveniences, manifested and executed with a spirit of insub. ordination to the govemment, and the dissolution of every good prin. ciple of society, characterized by traits unworthy of persons who pos sess any stimulus of respect for themselves, or attachment to their country: however, it has been some consolation to us in perceiving that these proceedings are held in abhorrence by the greatest part of the kingdom, and regretted by per. sons of credit and respectability. It is incumbent upon the Corsicans to consider the danger of the divisions to which this conduct must infalli. bly expose their nation: tumults are inevitably connected with vexa. tions and acts of violence; arbitrary sway takes place of the law, and then neither life nor property is any longer secure. Neither should we forget an enraged and neighbouring enemy, who can only be kept at a distance by his majesty's arms, your own unanimity, and the energy of the government. The pretence that a people may be go

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