any such carrier shall fail to file such reports within the time fixed by the Commission it shall be subject to the forfeitures last above provided. "Said forfeitures shall be recovered in the manner provided for the recovery of forfeitures under the provisions of this act. "The oath required by this section may be taken before any person authorized to administer an oath by the laws of the state in which the same is taken. "The Commission may, in its discretion, prescribe the forms of any and all accounts, records and memoranda to be kept by carriers subject to the provisions of this act, including the accounts, records and memoranda of the movement of traffic as well as the receipts and expenditures of moneys. The Commission shall at all times have access to all accounts, records and memoranda kept by carriers subject to this act, and it shall be unlawful for such carriers to keep any other accounts, records or memoranda than those prescribed or approved by the Commission, and it may employ special agents or examiners, who shall have authority under the order of the Commission to inspect and examine any and all accounts, records and memoranda kept by such carriers. This provision shall apply to receivers of carriers and operating trustees, "In case of failure or refusal on the part of any such carrier, receiver or trustee to keep such accounts, records and memoranda on the books and in the manner prescribed by the Commission, or to submit such accounts, records and memoranda as are kept to the inspection of the Commission or any of its authorized agents or examiners, such carrier, receiver or trustee shall forfeit to the United States the sum of $500 for each such offence and for each and every day of the continuance of such offence, such forfeitures to be recoverable in the same manner as other forfeitures provided for in this act, "Any person who shall wilfully make any false entry in the accounts of any book of accounts or in any record or memoranda kept by a carrier, or who shall wilfully destroy, mutilate, alter, or by any other means or device falsify the record of any such account, record or memoranda, or who shall wilfully neglect or fail to make full, true and correct entries in such accounts, records or memoranda of all facts and transactions appertaining to the carrier's business, or shall keep any other accounts, records or memoranda than those prescribed or approved by the Commission, shall be deeemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be subject, upon conviction in any court of the United States of competent jurisdiction, to a fine of not less than $1,000 nor more than $5,000, or imprisonment for a term not less than one year nor more than three years, or both such fine and imprisonment, "Any examiner who divulges any fact or information which may come to his knowledge during the course of such examination, except in so far as he may be directed by the Commission or by a court or judge thereof, shall be subject, upon conviction in any court of the United States of competent jurisdiction, to a fine of not more than $5,000 or imprisonment for a term not exceeding two years, or both. "That the circuit and district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction, upon the application of the Attorney General of the United States at the request of the Commission, alleging a failure to comply with or a violation of any of the provisions of said act to regulate commerce or of any act supplementary thereto or amendatory thereof by any conimon carrier, to issue a writ or writs of mandamus commanding such common carrier to comply with the provisions of said acts, or any of them. "And to carry out and give effect to the provisions of said acts, or any of them, the Commission is hereby authorized to employ special agents or examiners, who shall have power to administer oaths, examine witnesses and receive evidenc. "That any common carrier, railroad or transportation company receiving property for transportation from a point in one state to a point in another state shall issue a receipt or bill of lading therefor and shall be liable to the lawful holder thereof for any loss, damage or injury to such property caused by it or by any common carrier, railroad or transportation company to which such property may be delivered or over whose line or lines such property may pass, and no contract, receipt, rule or regulation shall exempt such common carrier, railroad or transportation company from the liability hereby imposed: Provided, that nothing in this section shall deprive any holder of such receipt or bill of lading of any remedy or right of action which he has under existing law. "That the common carrier, railroad or transportation company issuing such re ceipt or bill of lading shall be entitled to recover from the common carrier, railroad or transportation company on whose line the loss, damage or injury shall have been sustained the amount of such loss, damage or injury as it may be required to pay to the owners of such property, as may be evidenced by any receipt, judgment or transcript thereof." Section 8 provided that a new section be added to said act at the end thereof, to be numbered as Section 24, as follows: "Section 24. That the Interstate Commerce Commission is hereby enlarged so as to consist of seven members with terms of seven years, and each shall receive $10,000 compensation annually. The qualifications of the Commissioners and Enlarged the manner of the payment of their salaries shall be as already proCommission, vided by law. Such enlargement of the Commission shall be accomplished through appointment by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, of two additional Interstate Commerce Commissioners, one for a term expiring December 31, 1911, one for a term expiring December 31, 1912. The terms of the present Commissioners, or of any successor appointed to fill a vacancy caused by the death or resignation of any of the present Commissioners, shall expire as heretofore provided by law. Their successors and the successors of the additional Commissioners herein provided for shall be appointed for the full term of seven years, except that any person appointed to fill a vacancy shall be appointed only for the unexpired term of the Commissioner whom he shall succeed. Not more than four Commissioners shall be appointed from the same political party." Section 9 provided that all existing laws relating to the attendance of witnesses and the production of evidence and the compelling of testimony under the act to regulate commerce and all acts amendatory thereof shall apply to any and all proceedings and hearings under this act. Section 10 provided that all laws and parts of laws in conflict with the provisions of the act should be repealed, but the amendments therein provided for shall not affect causes now pending in courts of the United States, but such causes shall be prosecuted to a conclusion in the manner heretofore provided by law. A joint resolution approved June 30, 1906, provided that the act above should take effect sixty days after approval. Inspection. The Agricultural Appropriation Act, approved June 30, 1906, provided that for the purpose of preventing the use in interstate or foreign commerce, as hereinafter provided, of meat and meat food products which are unsound, unhealthMeat ful, unwholesome or otherwise unfit for human food, the Secretary of Agriculture, at his discretion, may cause to be made, by inspectors appointed for that purpose, an examination and inspection of all cattle, sheep, swine and goats before they shall be allowed to enter into any slaughtering, packing, meat canning, rendering or similar establishment, in which they are to be slaughtered and the meat and meat food products thereof are to be used in interstate or foreign commerce; and all cattle, swine, sheep and goats found on such inspection to show symptoms of disease shall be set apart and slaughtered separately from all other cattle, sheep, swine or goats, and when so slaughtered the carcasses of said cattle, sheep, swine or goats shall be subject to a careful examination and inspection, all as provided by the rules and regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of Agriculture as herein provided for. For the purposes hereinbefore set forth the Secretary of Agriculture shall cause to be made by inspectors appointed for that purpose, as hereinafter provided, a postmortem examination and inspection of the carcasses and parts thereof of all cattle, sheep, swine and goats to be prepared for human consumption at any slaughtering, meat canning, salting, packing, rendering or similar establishment in any state, territory or the District of Columbia for transportation or sale as articles of interstate or foreign commerce; and the carcasses and parts thereof of all such animals found to be sound, healthful, wholesome and fit for human food shall be marked, stamped, tagged or labelled as "Inspected and passed"; and said inspectors shall label, mark, stamp or tag as "Inspected and condemned' all carcasses and parts thereof of animals found to be unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome or otherwise unfit for human food; and all carcasses or parts thereof thus inspected and condemned shall be destroyed for food purposes by the said establishment in the presence of an inspector, and the Secretary of Agriculture may remove inspectors from any such establishment which fails to so destroy any such condemned carcass or part thereof, and said inspectors, after said first inspection, shall, when they deem it necessary, reinspect said carcasses or parts thereof to determine whether since the first inspection the same have become unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome or in any way unfit for human food, and if any carcass or any part thereof shall, upon examination and inspection subsequent to the first examination and inspection, be found to be unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome or otherwise unfit for human food, it shall be destroyed for food purposes by the said establishment in the presence of an inspector, and the Secretary of Agriculture may remove inspectors from any establishment which fails to so destroy any such condemned carcass or part thereof. The foregoing provisions shall apply to all carcasses or parts of carcasses of cattle, sheep, swine and goats, or the meat or meat products thereof, which may be brought into any slaughtering, meat canning, salting, packing, rendering or similar establishment, and such examination and inspection shall be had before the said carcasses or parts thereof shall be allowed to enter into any department wherein the same are to be treated and prepared for meat food products; and the foregoing provisions shall also apply to all such products which, after having been issued from any slaughtering, meat canning, salting, packing, rendering or similar establishment, shall be returned to the same or to any similar establishment where such inspection is maintained. For the purposes hereinbefore set forth the Secretary of Agriculture shall cause to be made by inspectors appointed for that purpose an examination and inspection of all meat food products prepared for interstate or foreign commerce in any slaughtering, meat canning, salting, packing, rendering or similar establishment, and for the purposes of any examination and inspection said inspectors shall have access at all times, by day or night, whether the establishment be operated or not, to every part of said establishment; and said inspectors shall mark, stamp, tag or label as "inspected and passed" all such products found to be sound, healthful and wholesome, and which contain no dyes, chemicals, preservatives or ingredients which render such meat or meat food preducts unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome, or unfit for human food; and said inspectors shall label, mark, stamp or tag as "inspected and condemned" all such products found unsound, unhealthful and unwholesome, or which contain dyes, chemicals, preservatives or ingredients which render such meat or meat food products unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome or unfit for human food, and all such condemned meat food products shall be destroyed for food purposes, as hereinbefore provided, and the Secretary of Agriculture may remove inspectors from any establishment which fails to so destroy such condemned meat food products: Provided, that, subject to the rules and regulations of the Secretary of Agriculture, the provisions hereof in regard to preservatives shall not apply to meat food products for export to any foreign country and which are prepared or packed according to the specifications or directions of the foreign purchaser, when no substance is used in the preparation or packing thereof in conflict with the laws of the foreign country to which said article is to be exported; but if said article shall be in fact sold or offered for sale for domestic use or consumption then this proviso shall not exempt said article from the operation of all the other provisions of this act. When any meat or meat food product prepared for interstate or foreign commerce which has been inspected as hereinbefore provided and marked "inspected and passed" shall be placed or packed in any can, pot, tin, canvas or other receptacle or covering in any establishment where inspection under the provisions of this act is maintained, the person, firm or corporation preparing said product shall cause a label to be attached to said can, pot, tin, canvas or other receptacle or covering, under the supervision of an inspector, which label shall state that the contents thereof have been "inspected and passed" under the provisions of this act; and no inspection and examination of meat or meat food products deposited or inclosed in cans, tins, pots, canvas or other receptacle or covering in any establishment where inspection under the provisions of this act is maintained shall be deemed to be complete until such meat or meat food products have been sealed or inclosed in said can, tin, pot, canvas or other receptacle or covering under the supervision of an inspector, and no such meat or meat food products shall be sold or offered for sale by any person, firm or corporation in interstate or foreign commerce under any false or deceptive name; but established trade name or names which are usual to such products and which are not false and deceptive and which shall be approved by the Secretary of Agriculture are permitted. The Secretary of Agriculture shall cause to be made, by experts in sanitation or by other competent inspectors, such inspection of all slaughtering, meat canning, salting, packing, rendering or similar establishments in which cattle, sheep, swine and goats are slaughtered and the meat and meat food, products thereof are prepared for interstate or foreign commerce, as may be necessary to inform himself concerning the sanitary conditions of the same, and to prescribe the rules and regulations of sanitation under which such establishments shall be maintained; and where the sanitary conditions of any such establishment are such that the meat or meat food products are rendered unclean, unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome, or otherwise unfit for human food, he shall refuse to allow said meat or meat food products to be labelled, marked, stamped or tagged as "inspected and passed." The Secretary of Agriculture shall cause an examination and inspection of all cattle, sheep, swine and goats, and the food products thereof, slaughtered and prepared in the establishments hereinbefore described for the purposes of interstate or foreign commerce, to be made during the nighttime as well as during the daytime when the slaughtering of said cattle, sheep, swine and goats or the preparation of said food products is conducted during the nighttime, On and after October 1, 1906, no person, firm or corporation shall transport or offer for transportation, and no carrier of interstate or foreign commerce shall transport or receive for transportation from one state or territory or the Dis Meats in trict of Columbia to any other state or territory or the District of CoInterstate lumbia, or to any place under the jurisdiction of the United States, or or Foreign to any foreign country, any carcasses or parts thereof, meat or meat food Commerce. products thereof which have not been inspected, examined and marked as "inspected and passed," in accordance with the terms of this act and with the rules and regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Agriculture: Provided, that all meat and meat food products on hand on October 1, 1906, at establishments where inspection has not been maintained, or which have been inspected under existing law, shall be examined and labelled under such rules and regulations as the Secretary of Agriculture shall prescribe, and then shall be allowed to be sold in interstate or foreign commerce. No person, firm, or corporation, or officer, agent or employe thereof, shall forge, counterfeit, simulate, or falsely represent, or shall without proper authority use, fall to use, or detach, or shall knowingly or wrongfully alter, deface, or destroy, or fail to deface or destroy, any of the marks, stamps, tags, labels or other identification devices provided for in this act, or in and as directed by the rules and regulations prescribed hereunder by the Secretary of Agriculture, on any carcasses, parts of carcasses, or the food products, or containers thereof, subject to the provisions of this act, or any certificate in relation thereto, authorized or required by this act or by the said rules and regulations of the Secretary of Agriculture. The Secretary of Agriculture shall cause to be made a careful inspection of all cattle, sheep, swine and goats intended and offered for export to foreign countries at such times and places and in such manner as he may deem proper, to ascertain whether such cattle, sheep, swine and goats are free from disease. For this purpose he may appoint inspectors who shall be authorized to give an official certificate clearly stating the condition in which such cattle, sheep, swine and goats are found. No clearance shall be given to any vessel having on board cattle, sheep, swine or goats for export to a foreign country until the owner or shipper of such cattle, sheep, swine or goats has a certificate from the inspector herein authorized to be appointed, stating that the said cattle, sheep, swine or goats are sound and healthy, or unless the Secretary of Agriculture shall have waived the requirement of such certificate for export to the particular country to which stich cattle, sheep, swine or goats are to be exported. The Secretary of Agriculture shall also cause to be made a careful inspection of the carcasses and parts thereof of all cattle, sheep, swine and goats the meat of which, fresh, salted, canned, corned, packed, cured or otherwise prepared, is intended and offered for export to any foreign country, at such times and places and in such manner as he may deem proper. For this purpose he may appoint inspectors who shall be authorized to give an official certificate stating the condition in which said cattle, sheep, swine or goats, and the meat thereof, are found. No clearance shall be given to any vessel having on board any fresh, salted, canned, corned or packed beef, mutton, pork or goat meat, being the meat of animals killed after the passage of this act, or except as hereinbefore provided, for export to and sale in a foreign country from any port in the United States, until the owner or shipper thereof shall obtain from an inspector appointed under the provisions of this act a certificate that the said cattle, sheep, swine and goats were sound and healthy at the time of inspection, and that their meat is sound and wholesome, unless the Secretary of Agriculture shall have waived the requirements of such certificate for the country to which said cattle, sheep, swine and goats or meats are to be exported. The inspectors provided for herein shall be authorized to give official certificates of the sound and wholesome condition of the cattle, sheep, swine and goats, their carcasses and products, as herein described and one copy of every certificate granted under the provisions of this act shall be filed in the Department of Agriculture, another copy shall be delivered to the owner or shipper, and when the cattle, sheep, swine and goats or their carcasses and products are sent abroad. a third copy shall be delivered to the chief officer of the vessel on which the shipment shall be made. No person, firm or corporation engaged in the interstate commerce of meat or meat food products shall transport or offer for transportation, sell or offer to sell, any such meat or meat food products in any state or territory or in the District of Columbia or any place under the jurisdiction of the United States, other than in the state or territory or in the District of Columbia or any place under the jurisdiction of the United States in which the slaughtering, packing, canning, rendering or other similar establishment owned, leased or operated by said firm, person or corporation is located unless and until said person, firm or corporation shall have complied with all of the provisions of this act. Any person, firm or corporation, or any officer or agent of any such person, firm or corporation, who shall violate any of the provisions of this act shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be punished on conviction thereof by a Penalties. fine of not exceeding $10,000 or imprisonment for a period not more than two years, or by both such fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court, The Secretary of Agriculture shall appoint from time to time inspectors to make examination and inspection of all cattle, sheep, swine and goats, the inspection of which is hereby provided for, and of all carcasses and parts thereof, and of all meats and meat food products thereof, and of the sanitary conditions of all establishments In which such meat and meat food products hereinbefore described are prepared; and said inspectors shall refuse to stamp, mark, tag or label any carcass or any part thereof, or meat food product therefrom, prepared in any establishment hereinbefore mentioned, until the same shall have actually been inspected and found to be sound, healthful, wholesome, and fit for human food, and to contain no dyes, chemicals, preservatives or ingredients which render such meat food product unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome, or unfit for human food; and to have been prepared under proper sanitary conditions, hereinbefore provided for; and shall perform such other duties as are provided by this act and by the rules and regulations to be prescribed by said Secretary of Agriculture; and said Secretary of Agriculture shall, from time to time, make such rules and regulations as are necessary for the efficient execution of the provisions of this act, and all inspections and examinations made under this act shall be such and made in such manner as described in the rules and regulations prescribed by said Secretary of Agriculture not inconsistent with the provisions of this act. Any person, firm or corporation, or any agent or employe of any person, firm or corporation who shall give, pay or offer, directly or indirectly, to any inspector, deputy inspector, chief inspector, or any other officer or employe of the United States authorized to perform any of the duties prescribed by this act or by the rules and regulations of the Secretary of Agriculture any money or other thing of value, with intent to influence said inspector, deputy inspector, chief inspector or other officer or employe of the United States in the discharge of any duty herein provided for, shall be deemed guilty of a felony and, upon conviction thereof, shall be punished by a fine not less than $5,000 nor more than $10,000 and by imprisonment not less than one year nor more than three years; and any inspector, deputy inspector, chief inspector or other officer or employe of the United States authorized to perform any of the duties prescribed by this act who shall accept any money, gift or other thing of value from any person, firm, or corporation, or officers, agents, or employes thereof, given with intent to influence his official action, or who shall receive or accept from any person, firm or corporation engaged in interstate or foreign commerce any gift, money or other thing of value given with any purpose or intent whatsoever, shall be deemed guilty of a felony and shall, upon conviction thereof, be summarily discharged from office and shall be punished by a fine not less than $1,000 nor more than $10,000 and by imprisonment not less than one year nor more than three years. The provisions of this act requiring inspection to be made by the Secretary of Agriculture shall not apply to animals slaughtered by any farmer on the farm and sold and transported as interstate or foreign commerce, nor to retail butchers and retail dealers in meat and meat food products, supplying their customers: Provided. that if any person shall sell or offer for sale or transportation for interstate or foreign commerce any meat or meat food products which are diseased, unsound, unhealthful, unwholesome or otherwise unfit for human food, knowing that such meat food products are intended for human consumption, he shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof shall be punished by a fine not exceeding $1,000 or by imprisonment for a period of not exceeding one year, or by both such fine and imprisonment: Provided also, that the Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to maintain the inspection in this act provided for at any slaughtering, meat canning, salting, packing, rendering or similar establishment notwithstanding this exception, and that the persons operating the same may be retail butchers and retail dealers or farmers; and where the Secretary of Agriculture shall establish such inspection then the provisions of this act shall apply, nothwithstanding this exception. There is permanently appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the sum of $3,000,000, for the expenses of the inspection of cattle, sheep, swine and goats and the meat and meat food products thereof which enter into interstate or foreign commerce and for all expenses necessary to carry into effect the provisions of this act relating to meat inspection, including rent and the employment of labor in Washington and elsewhere, for each year. And the Secretary of Agriculture shall, in his annual estimates made to Congress, submit a statement in detail, showing the number of persons employed in such inspections and the salary or per diem paid to each, together with the contingent expenses of such inspectors and where they have been and are employed. Pure Food. An act approved June 30, 1906, entitled "An act for preventing the manufacture, sale or transportation of adulterated or misbranded or poisonous or deleterious foods drugs, medicines and liquors, and for regulating the traffic therein," provided in its first section that it shall be unlawful for any person to manufacture within any territory or the District of Columbia any article of food or drug which is adulterated or misbranded, within the meaning of this act; and any person who shall violate any of the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and for each offence shail, upon conviction thereof, be fined not to exceed $500 or shall be sentenced to one year's imprisonment, or both such fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court, and for each subsequent offence and conviction thereof shall be fined not less than $1,000 or sentenced to one year's imprisonment, or both such fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court. Section 2 provided that the introduction into any state or territory or the District of Columbia from any other state or territory or the District of Columbia, or from any foreign country, or shipment to any foreign country of any article of food or drugs which is adulterated or misbranded, within the meaning of this act, is hereby probibited; and any person who shall ship or deliver for shipment from any state or territory or the District of Columbia to any other state or territory or the District of Columbia, or to a foreign country, or who shall receive in any state or territory or the District of Columbia from any other state or territory or the District of Columbia, or foreign country, and having so received, shall deliver, in original unbroken packages, for pay or otherwise, or offer to deliver to any other person, any such article so adulterated or misbranded within the meaning of this act, or any person who shall sell or offer for sale in the District of Columbia or the territories of the United States any such adulterated or misbranded foods or drugs, or export or offer to export the same to any foreign country, shail be guilty of a misdemeanor, and for such offence be fined not exceeding $200 for the first offence, and upon conviction for each subsequent offer.ce not exceeding $300 or be imprisoned not exceeding one year, or both, in the discretion of the court: Provided, That no article shall be deemed misbranded or adulterated within the provisions of this act when intended for export to any foreign country and prepared or packed according to the specifications or directions of the foreign purchaser when no substance is used in the preparation or packing thereof in conflict with the laws of the foreign country to which said article is intended to be shipped; but if said article shall be in fact sold or offered for sale for domestic use or consumption, then this proviso shall not exempt said article from the operation of any of the other provisions of this act. Sections 3-5 provided that the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of Commerce and Labor shall make uniform rules and regulations for carrying out the provisions of this act, including the collection and examination of specimens of foods and drugs manufactured or offered for sale in the District of Columbia, or in any territory of the United States, or which shall be offered for sale in unbroken packages in any state other than that in which they shall have been respectively manufactured or produced, or which shall be received from any foreign country, or intended for shipment to any foreign country, or which may be submitted for examination by the chief health, food or drug officer of any state, territory or the District of Columbia, or at any comestic or foreign port through which such product is offered for interstate commerce, or for export or import between the United States and any foreign port or country. Examinations of specimens of foods and drugs shall be made in the Bureau of Chemistry of the Department of Agriculture, or under the direction and supervision of such bureau, for the purpose of determining from such examinations whether such articles are adulterated or misbranded within the meaning of this act; and if it shali appear from any such examination that any of such specimens is adulterated or misbranded within the meaning of this act, the Secretary of Agriculture shall cause notice thereof to be given to the party from whom such sample was obtained. Any |