THE TRANSCONTINENTAL RAILROADS In 1853 Congress provided one million dollars for the purpose of surveying a route for the Pacific Railroad. When the surveys were completed the Civil War prevented any further action until 1861, when subsidies were granted in addition to twenty-five million acres of land along the route. The Central Pacific worked from California eastward, while the Union Pacific worked westward. The line was completed in 1869. The articles entitled "Pacific Railroads" and "Subsidy " in the Encyclopedic Index give the details, and following it are the citations of presidential references to the subject. the fact of the ratification of the said amendment by the legislature of the State of Louisiana in the manner hereinbefore set forth. In testimony whereof I have signed these presents with my hand and have caused the seal of the United States to be hereto affixed. Done at the city of Washington, this 18th day of July, A. D. 1868, and of the Independence of the United States of America. the ninety-third. ANDREW JOHNSON. [SEAL.] By the President: WILLIAM H. SEWARD, Secretary of State. BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. A PROCLAMATION. Whereas by an act of Congress entitled "An act to admit the States of North Carolina, South Carolina, Louisiana, Georgia, Alabama, and Florida to representation in Congress," passed the 25th day of June, 1868, it is declared that it is made the duty of the President, within ten days after receiving official information of the ratification by the legislature of either of said States of a proposed amendment to the Constitution known as article fourteen, to issue a proclamation announcing that fact; and Whereas a letter was received this day by the President, which letter, being addressed to the President, bears date of July 16, 1868, and was transmitted by and under the name of William H. Smith, who therein writes himself governor of Alabama, in which letter was inclosed and received at the same time by the President a paper purporting to be a resolution of the senate and house of representatives of the general assembly of the State of Alabama ratifying the said proposed amendment, which paper is attested by the signature of Charles A. Miller, as secretary of state, under a seal purporting to be the seal of the State of Alabama, and bears the date of approval of July 13, 1868, by William H. Smith, as governor of said State: Now, therefore, be it known that I, Andrew Johnson, President of the United States of America, in compliance with and execution of the act of Congress before mentioned, do issue this my proclamation, announcing the fact of the ratification of the said amendment by the legislature of the State of Alabama in the manner hereinbefore set forth. In testimony whereof I have signed these presents with my hand and have caused the seal of the United States to be hereto affixed. Done at the city of Washington, this 20th day of July, A D. 1868, and of the Independence of the United States of America the ninety-third. ANDREW JOHNSON. [SEAL.] By the President: WILLIAM H. SEWARD, Secretary of State. BY THE PRESIDENT of the United STATES OF AMERICA. A PROCLAMATION. Whereas by an act of Congress entitled "An act to admit the States of North Carolina, South Carolina, Louisiana, Georgia, Alabama, and Florida to representation in Congress," passed the 25th day of June, 1868, it is declared that it is made the duty of the President, within ten days after receiving official information of the ratification by the legislature of either of said States of a proposed amendment to the Constitution known as article fourteen, to issue a proclamation announcing that fact; and Whereas a paper was received at the Department of State this 27th. day of July, 1868, purporting to be a joint resolution of the senate and house of representatives of the general assembly of the State of Georgia, ratifying the said proposed amendment and also purporting to have passed the two said houses, respectively, on the 21st of July, 1868, and to have been approved by Rufus B. Bullock, who therein signs himself governor of Georgia, which paper is also attested by the signatures of Benjamin Conley, as president of the senate, and R. L. McWhorters, as speaker of the house of representatives, and is further attested by the signatures of A. E. Marshall, as secretary of the senate, and M. A. Hardin, as clerk of the house of representatives: Now, therefore, be it known that I, Andrew Johnson, President of the United States of America, in compliance with and execution of the act of Congress before mentioned, do issue this my proclamation, announcing the fact of the ratification of the said amendment by the legislature of the State of Georgia in the manner hereinbefore set forth. In testimony whereof I have signed these presents with my hand and have caused the seal of the United States to be hereto affixed. Done at the city of Washington, this 27th day of July, A. D. 1868, and of the Independence of the United States of America the ninety-third. [SEAL.] By the President: ANDREW JOHNSON. WILLIAM H. SEWARD, Secretary of State. BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. A PROCLAMATION. In the year which is now drawing to its end the art, the skill, and the labor of the people of the United States have been employed with greater diligence and vigor and on broader fields than ever before, and the fruits of the earth have been gathered into the granary and the storehouse in marvelous abundance. Our highways have been lengthened, and new and prolific regions have been occupied. We are permitted to hope that long-protracted political and sectional dissensions are at no distant day to give place to returning harmony and fraternal affection throughout the Republic. Many foreign states have entered into liberal agreements with us, while nations which are far off and which heretofore have been unsocial and exclusive have become our friends. The annual period of rest, which we have reached in health and tranquillity, and which is crowned with so many blessings, is by universal consent a convenient and suitable one for cultivating personal piety and practicing public devotion. I therefore recommend that Thursday, the 26th day of November next, be set apart and observed by all the people of the United States as a day for public praise, thanksgiving, and prayer to the Almighty Creator and Divine Ruler of the Universe, by whose ever-watchful, merciful, and gracious providence alone states and nations, no less than families and individual men, do live and move and have their being. In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. [SEAL.] Done at the city of Washington, this 12th day of October, A. D. 1868, and of the Independence of the United States the ninety-third. By the President: ANDREW JOHNSON. WILLIAM H. SEWARD, Secretary of State. EXECUTIVE ORDERS. BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. EXECUTIVE ORDER. WASHINGTON, December 17, 1867. It is desired and advised that all communications in writing intended for the executive department of this Government and relating to public business of whatever kind, including suggestions for legislation, claims, contracts, employment, appointments, and removals from office, and pardons, be transmitted directly in the first instance to the head of the Department to which the care of the subject-matter of the communication properly belongs. This regulation has become necessary for the more convenient, punctual, and regular dispatch of the public business. By order of the President: WILLIAM H. SEWARD, GENERAL ORDERS, NO. 104. HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY, By direction of the President of the United States, the following orders are made: I. Brevet Major-General E. O. C. Ord will turn over the command of the Fourth Military District to Brevet Major-General A. C. Gillem, and proceed to San Francisco, Cal., to take command of the Department of California. II. On being relieved by Brevet Major-General Ord, Brevet MajorGeneral Irvin McDowell will proceed to Vicksburg, Miss., and relieve General Gillem in command of the Fourth Military District. III. Brevet Major-General John Pope is hereby relieved of the command of the Third Military District, and will report without delay at the Headquarters of the Army for further orders, turning over his command to the next senior officer until the arrival of his successor. IV. Major-General George G. Meade is assigned to the command of the Third Military District, and will assume it without delay. The Department of the East will be commanded by the senior officer now on duty in it until a commander is named by the President. V. The officers assigned in the foregoing orders to command of military districts will exercise therein any and all powers conferred by acts of Congress upon district commanders, and also any and all powers pertaining to military-department commanders. The following orders are published for the information and guidance of all concerned: General U. S. GRANT, EXECUTIVE MANSION, Washington, D. C., February 12, 1868. Commanding Armies of the United States, Washington, D. C. GENERAL: You will please issue an order creating a military division, to be called the Military Division of the Atlantic, to be composed of the Department of the Lakes, the Department of the East, and the Department of Washington, and to be commanded by Lieutenant-General William T. Sherman, with his headquarters at Washington. Until further orders from the President, you will assign no officer to the permanent command of the Military Division of the Missouri. Respectfully, yours, ANDREW JOHNSON. Major-General P. H. Sheridan, the senior officer in the Military Division of the Missouri, will temporarily perform the duties of commander of |