ARTICLE VI. The present convention shall be ratified by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, and by His Majesty the King of Sweden and Norway; and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Stockholm within twenty-four months from the date hereof. In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries have signed and sealed this convention. STOCKHOLM, May 26, 1869. [SEAL.] [SEAL.] PROTOCOL. JOSEPH J. BARTLETT. Done at Stockholm, May 26, 1869. The undersigned met to-day to sign the convention agreed upon in conformity with their respective full powers, relating to the citizenship of those persons who emigrate from the United States of America to Sweden and Norway, and from Sweden and Norway to the United States of America; on which occasion the following observations, more exactly defining and explaining the contents of this convention, were entered in the following protocol: I. Relating to the first articles of the convention. It is understood that if a citizen of the United States of America has been discharged from his American citizenship, or, on the other side, if a Swede or a Norwegian has been discharged from his Swedish or Norwegian citizenship, in the manner legally prescribed by the Government of his original country, and then in the other country in a rightful and perfectly valid manner acquires citizenship, then an additional five years' residence shall no longer be required; but a person who has in that manner been recognized as a citizen of the other country shall, from the moment thereof, be held and treated as a Swedish or Norwegian citizen, and, reciprocally, as a citizen of the United States. II. Relating to the second article of the convention. If a former Swede or Norwegian, who under the first article is to be held as an adopted citizen of the United States of America, has emigrated after he has attained the age when he becomes liable to military service, and returns again to his original country, it is agreed that he remains liable to trial and punishment for an action punishable by the laws of his original country and committed before his emigration, but not for the act of emigration itself, unless thereby have been committed any punishable action against Sweden or Norway, or against a Swedish or Norwegian citizen, such as non-fulfilment of military service, or desertion from the military force or from a ship, saving always the limitation established by the laws of the original country, and any other remission of liability to punishment; and that he can be held to fulfil, according to the laws, his military service, or the remaining part thereof. III. Relating to the third article of the convention. It is further agreed that if a Swede or Norwegian, who has become a naturalized citizen of the United States, renews his residence in Sweden or Norway without the intent to return to America, he shall be held by the Government of the United States to have renounced his American citizenship. The intent not to return to America may be held to exist when a person so naturalized resides more than two years in Sweden or Norway. [SEAL.] [SEAL.] JOSEPH J. BARTLETT. C. WACHTMEISTER. SWITZERLAND. (SWISS CONFEDERATION.) 1847. CONVENTION AS TO PROPERTY RIGHTS. Concluded May 18, 1847; ratification advised by the Senate April 26, 1848; ratified by the President April 29, 1848; ratifications exchanged May 3, 1848; proclaimed May 4, 1848. I. Disposition of property. ARTICLES. III. Duration; ratification. The President of the United States of America and the Federal Directory of the Swiss Confederation, animated by the desire to secure and extend by an amicable convention the relations happily existing between the two countries, have to this effect appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, to wit: The President of the United States of America, James Buchanan, Secretary of State of the United States; and the Federal Directory of the Swiss Confederation, A. C. Cazenove, Swiss Consul at Alexandria; Who, after the exchange of their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon and signed the following articles: ARTICLE I. The citizens of each one of the high contracting parties shall have power to dispose of their personal property within the jurisdiction of the other, either by testament, donation, or ab intestato, or in any other manner; and their heirs, being citizens of the other party, shall inherit all such personal estates, whether by testament or ab intestato, and they may take possession of the same, either personally or by attorney, and dispose of them as they may think proper, paying to the respective governments no other charges than those to which the inhabitants of the country in which the said property shall be found would be liable in a similar case; and in the absence of such heir, or heirs, the same care shall be taken of the property that would · be taken in the like case for the preservation of the property of a citizen of the same country, until the lawful proprietor shall have had time to take measures for possessing himself of the same; and in case any dispute should arise between claimants to the same succession as to the property thereof, the question shall be decided according to the laws and by the judges of the country in which the property is situated. • This convention was superseded by the convention of 1850, ARTICLE II. If, by the death of a person owning real property in the territory of one of the high contracting parties, such property should descend, either by the laws of the country or by testamentary disposition, to a citizen of the other party, who, on account of his being an alien, could not be permitted to retain the actual possession of such property, a term of not less than three years shall be allowed to him to dispose of such property, and to collect and withdraw the proceeds thereof, without paying to the Government any other charges than those which in a similar case would be paid by an inhabitant of the country in which such real property may be situated. ARTICLE III. The present convention shall be in force for the term of twelve years from the date hereof; and further, until the end of twelve months after the Government of the United States on the one part, or that of the Swiss Confederation on the other, shall have given notice of its intention of terminating the same. This convention shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington, within twelve months after its date, or sooner if possible. In faith whereof, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present convention, and have thereunto affixed their seals. Done at Washington, this eighteenth day of May, A. D. 1847, and of the Independence of the United States the seventy-first. [SEAL.] [SEAL.] 1850.@ JAMES BUCHANAN. CONVENTION OF FRIENDSHIP, COMMERCE, AND EXTRADITION. Concluded November 25, 1850; ratification advised by the Senate with amendments March 7, 1851; ratified by the President March 12, 1851; ratification again advised by the Senate with amendment May 29, 1854; finally ratified by the President November 6, 1854; ratifications exchanged November 8, 1855; proclaimed November 9, NOTE.-Notice given on March 23, 1899, of intention of United States to arrest the operation of Articles VIII to XII, inclusive. Articles XIII, XIV, XV, XVI, and XVII terminated by treaty concluded May 14, 1900 (p. 1771). (Haver v. Yaker, 9 Wall., 32.) The United States of America and the Swiss Confederation, equally animated by the desire to preserve and to draw more closely the bonds of friendship which so happily exist between the two Republics, as well as to augment, by all the means at their disposal, the commercial intercourse of their respective citizens, have mutually resolved to conclude a general convention of friendship, reciprocal establishments, commerce, and for the surrender of fugitive criminals. For this purpose they have appointed as their Plenipotentiaries, to wit: The President of the United States, A. Dudley Mann, Special Agent of the United States on a mission to the Swiss Confederation: and the Swiss Federal Council, Henry Druey, President of the Swiss Confederation, Director of the Political Department, and Frederick Frey-Hérosée, member of the Federal Council, Director of the Department of Commerce and of Tolls; Who, after a communication of their respective full powers, have agreed to the following articles: ARTICLE I. The citizens of the United States of America and the citizens of Switzerland shall be admitted and treated upon a footing of reciprocal equality in the two countries, where such admission and treatment shall not conflict with the constitutional or legal provisions, as well federal as State and cantonal, of the contracting parties. The citizens of the United States and the citizens of Switzerland, as well as the members of their families, subject to the constitutional and legal provisions aforesaid, and yielding obedience to the laws, regulations, and usages of the country wherein they reside, shall be at liberty to come, go, sojourn temporarily, domiciliate or establish themselves permanently, the former in the Cantons of the Swiss Confederation, the Swiss in the States of the American Union, to acquire, possess, and alienate therein property, (as is explained in Article V;) to manage their affairs; to exercise their profession, their industry, and their commerce; to have establishments; to possess warehouses; to consign their products and their merchandise, and to sell them by wholesale or retail, either by themselves or by such brokers or other agents as they may think proper; they shall have free access to the tribunals, and shall be at liberty to prosecute and defend their rights before courts of justice in the same manner as native citizens, either by themselves or by such advocates, attorneys, or other agents as they may think proper to select. No pecuniary or other more burdensome condition shall be imposed upon their residence or establishment, or upon the enjoyment of the above-mentioned rights, than shall be imposed upon citizens of the country where they reside, nor any condition whatever to which the latter shall not be subject. The foregoing privileges, however, shall not extend to the exercise of political rights, nor to a participation in the property of communities, corporations, or institutions of which the citizens of one party, established in the other, shall not have become members or co-proprietors. ARTICLE II The citizens of one of the two countries, residing or established in the other, shall be free from personal military service; but they shall |