mained in quiet, profiting by the care of home, till he was summoned to aid in the defence of his State, which had now become the theatre of active hos tilities. Morgan again succeeded in assembling a force of riflemen, with whom he joined Lafayette. He participated in the defensive movements, which were terminated by the surren der at Yorktown, though ill-health prevented his sharing in the triumph of this final catastrophe of his old enemy. After the war, he passed his time at home, engaged in the business of his farm, and the care of a large landed perior by about one-third to that of the Americans; they had the advantage of two field-pieces as well as in cavalry and in picked troops, against a body largely composed of militia. "Our loss," says Morgan, in his dispatch to General Greene, "is very inconsiderable, not having more than twelve killed and sixty wounded. The enemy's loss was ten commissioned officers killed, and upwards of one hundred rank and file; two hundred wounded; twenty-nine commissioned officers and more than five hundred privates, prisoners, which fell into our hands, with two fieldpieces, two standards, eight hundred property, of which he had come into muskets, one travelling forge, thirty-five wagons, seventy negroes, and upwards of one hundred dragoon horses, and all their music. They destroyed most of their baggage, which was immense. Such was the inferiority of our numbers, that our success must be attributed to the justice of our cause and the gallantry of our troops. My wishes would induce me to name every sentinel in the corps." This brilliant action, following upon the defeat of Camden, was received with admiration through the country. Congress, "impressed with the most lively sentiments of approbation," voted its thanks to officers and men, and a medal of gold, appropriately inscribed, to the commander. Morgan continued in the field, in the rapid retreat to Guilford, an active service of this crowded era, but he was soon obliged to ask leave of absence to recruit his health, now much broken by a painful sciatica. Retirement was a measure of necessity. He consequently withdrew to Virginia, where he re possession by grant and purchase. He was once more called into service by Washington, at the head of the Vir ginia militia, in the suppression of the whisky insurrection in Pennsylvania, when he marched with his command to Pittsburg. When resistance was over, he was judiciously employed in healing the remaining disaffection. After his return, he was elected to Congress, as a representative from his district, in the federal interest, when he gave his support to the administration of Adams. He retired stricken with illness, before the end of his term. Though he continued to be afflicted with disease, which would have prevented his participation in active service, he was yet consulted by Washington in his arrangements, in 1799, for meeting the threatened war with France. His last days were given to religion. He was a devout member of the Presbyterian Church. His death took place at Manchester, Virginia, July 6, 1802, in his sixty-ninth year. ANTHONY WAYNE. make a scholar. I must be candid with you, brother Isaac," he concludes, "unless Anthony pays more attention to his books, I shall be under the painful necessity of dismissing him from the school." The boy never would have made a good soldier if he had proved insensible to this appeal. He rallied his mental forces, made a fresh attack on the fortified camp of the sciences, and carried it by storm. He was sent to the Philadelphia Academy, which returned him to his rural county, in his eighteenth year, sufficiently qua lified to open a land surveyor's office. THE grandfather of this spirited and may make a soldier," says the uncon efficient soldier of the Revolution, bear-sciously prophetic teacher, "but one ing the same name, emigrated to Ame- thing I am certain of, that he will never rica in 1722. He was English by birth, had made Ireland his residence, where he sided with William, the Protestant Deliverer, fought at the battle of the Boyne, and experienced, as he thought, the not uncommon ingratitude of princes. With this experience of the Old World, he turned to the New. Alighting upon Pennsylvania, he settled as a farmer in Chester County, where his grandson, Anthony, the subject of our sketch, came into the world on the first of January, 1745, "and a better new year's gift," adds his biographer, Headley, "fortune could not have presented to the nation." His father, a farmer, was for many years a representative of the county in the Colonial Assembly. At the close of the old French war, at this time, he was chosen, by a com pany of merchants of Philadelphia, to superintend a colonization scheme The young Anthony seems to have which they were putting into effect in had some rubs at school. We find his some land investments in Nova Scotia. preceptor, his uncle Gilbert, writing Benjamin Franklin was one of the to his brother Isaac, the boy's father, speculators, and it is said that Wayne, of his indifference to his studies, and then at the age of twenty-one, was inof his zeal for military amusements. trusted with this duty at the philosoHe neglected his books, and set the pher's special recommendation. It is school topsy-turvy with his redoubts not unlikely; for Franklin was an exceland intrenchments and skirmishing, lent judge of character, and quite likely out of which the boys came with to appreciate Wayne's good qualities. broken heads and black eyes. "He The latter appears to have continued which Washington had been for some time engaged. Wayne took part in the movements between New York and Philadelphia, which preceded the British General's landing in the Chesa peake. When the latter event took place, in August, 1777, and the forces of Washington were pushed forward at this distant post till 1767, when the affairs of the country growing unsettled, he returned to Pennsylvania. He then married Miss Penrose, the daughter of a merchant in Philadelphia, and devoted himself to his farm and surveying in Chester County. He succeeded his father as a representative in the Assembly, in 1773, and took an active to meet him for the defence of Philaand patriotic part in the political ques-delphia, Wayne's brigade was stationed tions of the day. Wayne, who had upset the discipline of the school by playing at camps and soldiering, was not likely to sit quiet under the trumpet-call of the Revolution. He was one of the first in the field, drilling his men as he had marshalled his school-boys, and ready with his volunteer company for service. Congress, in 1776, conferred on him the rank of Colonel, and sent him, with his regiment, to the northern army on the borders of Canada. He there found himself under the command of Sullivan, and was detached to accompany General Thompson in what proved an unfortunate raid into Canada. The latter commander failed in efficiency, his force became entangled, the officers were wounded or taken prisoners, and the honor of conducting a difficult retreat fell to Wayne. He was also of great service in the further movements, when the American force retired to Ticonderoga, and in the operations of that place under Gates, in 1776. He was left by Gates in command of the fort in the winter, when Congress created him Brigadier-General. In the spring he joined Washington, and was placed in command of a brigade ready for active service against Howe, in at the leading position of Chadd's Ford, on the Brandywine, where the main fighting was expected to take place. The British troops opposite to that spot on the river were, however, left there merely as a diversion, while Sir William Howe sent his chief force, under Cornwallis, to cross the river above, and gain the rear of the American army. When Washington first heard of this attempt being in progress, he ordered an attack upon the enemy at Chadd's Ford, but being told that his previous information was an error, arrested this engagement. Presently the news of Cornwallis' advance was confirmed, and an engagement took place on the right wing, which resulted in the defeat of the Americans, leaving Wayne to sustain a prolonged attack, and ultimately to retreat from his position. Howe, though he gained Philadelphia by his victory, failed by his want of activity, as he might have done, to destroy the army of Washington, who succeeded in establishing himself on his retreat at the Schuylkill. Wayne was again advanced to harass the army of Howe in conjunction with General Smallwood, and took post in the enemy's rear. At first he was so pleased |