Analogical Reasoning: Perspectives of Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Science, and PhilosophyD.H. Helman Springer Netherlands, 31. 7. 1988 - Počet stran: 428 In the last few years, there has been an enormous amount of activity in the study of analogy and metaphor. This is partly because of an interest of artificial intelligence researchers in simulating learning processes using analogy. It also arises from critical examinations of standard theories in the philosophy of language, with their inbuilt literal/meta phoric distinction. This volume consists of recent previously unpub lished work in this area, with a particular emphasis upon the role of analogies in reasoning and, more generally, their role in thought and language. The papers are contributed by philosophers, computer scientists, cognitive scientists and literary critics. Researchers in these fields whose focus is the study of analogy and metaphor will find much of interest in this volume. These essays can also serve as an introduction to some of the major approaches taken in the investigation of analogy. As noted, this volume brings together the work of researchers in several different disciplines. The various approaches taken with respect to the understanding of analogy tend to be rather different, however, the articles suggest a common conclusion. Analogy and metaphor pervade thought and language; their close investigation thus constitutes a valuable contribution to our understanding of persons. DAVID H. HELMAN Case Western Reserve University vii PART I CONCEPTUAL AND CATEGORICAL THEORIES OF ANALOGICAL UNDERSTANDING MARK TURNER CATEGORIES AND ANALOGIES I want to pursue the following claims: The way we categorize helps explain the way we recognize a statement as an analogy. |
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Strana 96
... constraint can only be used aposteriori ( you don't know it was useful until after you've solved it ) , other constraints on analogical inference must be introduced . Greiner introduces a domain - independent constraint which requires ...
... constraint can only be used aposteriori ( you don't know it was useful until after you've solved it ) , other constraints on analogical inference must be introduced . Greiner introduces a domain - independent constraint which requires ...
Strana 115
... constraints by implementing them in a computer program called ACME ( Analogical Constraint Mapping Engine ) that represents constraints by a network of supporting and competing hypotheses regarding what elements to map . A cooperative ...
... constraints by implementing them in a computer program called ACME ( Analogical Constraint Mapping Engine ) that represents constraints by a network of supporting and competing hypotheses regarding what elements to map . A cooperative ...
Strana 383
... constraints.18 But another type of constraint , not discussed by Nickles , is also subject to violation . In General Problem Solver a closure restriction renders the problem space closed under certain operations that trans- form one ...
... constraints.18 But another type of constraint , not discussed by Nickles , is also subject to violation . In General Problem Solver a closure restriction renders the problem space closed under certain operations that trans- form one ...
Obsah
MARK JOHNSON Some Constraints on Embodied Analogi | 25 |
P K SAHA Metaphorical Style as Message | 41 |
SMADAR KEDARCABELLI Analogy From a Unified | 65 |
Autorská práva | |
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abstract analogical inference analogical problem solving analogical reasoning analogical transfer analogy by similarity argument Artificial Intelligence assumption attributes base domain basic level behavior Burstein Carbonell CARL case-based reasoning chromosome Cognitive Science Cognitive Science Society components concepts conjectures consider constraints context corresponding cue validity defined described determination dimensions entities equation example experience fact formula function genes Gentner germ cell given goal Greiner heuristic Holyoak human HYPO hypothesis formation important instantiation interpretation justification Kedar-Cabelli knowledge language lexemes Machine Learning Markov chain match meaning mental models metaphor metatext Niiniluoto NLAG objects part-whole particular Philosophy of Science plausible possible predictions principle probability problem situation properties reasoning by analogy relations relevant representation represented retrieval Rosch rules satisfy schema scientific semantic solution solvers structure-mapping syntactic target domain target problem Thagard theory tion Turing test understanding University variables vector Winston