ARTICLE XIX.

The present treaty shall continue in force for ten years, counting from the day of the exchange of the ratifications; and if, twelve months before the expiration of that period, neither of the high contracting parties shall have announced to the other by an official notification its intention to arrest the operation of the said treaty, it shall remain obligatory one year beyond that time, and so on until the expiration of the twelve months which will follow a similar notification, whatever is the time at which it may take place.

ARTICLE XX.

The present treaty shall be approved and ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, and by His Majesty the King of Sardinia; and the ratifications shall be exchanged in the city of Washington within ten months from the date of the signature thereof, or sooner if possible.

In faith whereof the Plenipotentiaries of the contracting parties have signed the present treaty, and thereto affixed their respective seals.

Done at Genoa this 26th November, 1838.

[SEAL.] [SEAL.]

NATHANIEL NILES.
SOLAR DE LA MARGUERITE.

SEPARATE ARTICLE.

Circumstances of a peculiar nature rendering it necessary for His Sardinian Majesty to continue for a time differential duties, to the disadvantage of foreign flags, on grain, olive-oil, and wine, imported directly from the Black Sea, the ports of the Adriatic, and of those of the Mediterranean, as far as Cape Trafalgar, notwithstanding the general provisions of the articles No. 2, 3, and 4 of the present treaty, it is distinctly understood and agreed by the high contracting parties, that the United States shall have full and entire liberty to establish countervailing differential duties on the same articles imported from the same places to the disadvantage of the Sardinian flag, in case the existing or any other differential duties on the said articles shall be continued in force, to the disadvantage of the flag of the United States of America, by His Sardinian Majesty, beyond a period of four years, counting from the day of the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty and separate article, but all countervailing differential duties on the said articles shall cease to be exacted from the time the United States Government shall have been informed officially of the discontinuance or differential duties on the part of His Sardinian Majesty.

The present separate article shall have the same force and value as if it were inserted word for word in the treaty signed this day, and shall be ratified in the same time.

In faith whereof we, the undersigned, by virtue of our full powers, have signed the present separate article, and thereto affixed our respective seals.

Done at Genoa the 26th November, 1838.

[SEAL.] [SEAL.]

NATHANIEL NILES.

SOLAR DE LA MARGUERITE.

SAXONY.

(SEE GERMAN EMPIRE.)

1845.

CONVENTION ABOLISHING DROIT D'AUBAINE AND EMIGRATION TAXES.

Concluded May 14, 1845; ratification advised by the Senate, with amendment, April 15, 1846; ratified by the President April 22, 1846; ratifications exchanged August 12, 1846; proclaimed September 9, 1846.

I. Taxes abolished.

ARTICLES.

II. Disposal of real property.
III. Disposal of personal property.
IV. Protection of rights of absent
heirs.

V. Suits.

VI. Extent of treaty provisions.
VII. Ratification.

The United States of America, on the one part, and His Majesty the King of Saxony, on the other part, being equally desirous of removing the restrictions which exist in their territories upon the acquisition and transfer of property by their respective citizens and subjects, have agreed to enter into negotiations for this purpose.

For the attainment of this desirable object, the President of the United States of America has conferred full powers on Henry Wheaton, their Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of His Majesty the King of Prussia, and His Majesty the King of Saxony upon John DeMinckwitz, his Minister of State, Lieutenant-General, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the said Court;

Who, after having exchanged their said full powers, found in due and proper form, have agreed to the following articles:

ARTICLE I.

Every kind of droit d'aubaine, droit de retraite, and droit de détraction or tax on emigration, is hereby and shall remain abolished between the two contracting parties, their States, citizens, and subjects, respectively.

ARTICLE II.

Where, on the death of any person holding real property within the territories of one party, such real property would by the laws of the land descend on a citizen or subject of the other, were he not disqualified by alienage, or where such real property has been devised by last will and testament to such citizen or subject, he shall be allowed a term of two years from the death of such person-which

term may be reasonably prolonged according to circumstances-to sell the same and to withdraw the proceeds thereof without molestation, and exempt from all duties of détraction on the part of the Government of the respective States.

ARTICLE III.

The citizens or subjects of each of the contracting parties shall have power to dispose of their personal property within the States of the other, by testament, donation, or otherwise; and their heirs, being citizens or subjects of the other contracting party, shall succeed to their said personal property, whether by testament or ab intestato, and may take possession thereof, either by themselves or by others acting for them, and dispose of the same at their pleasure, paying such duties only as the inhabitants of the country where the said property lies shall be liable to pay in like cases.

ARTICLE IV.

In case of the absence of the heirs, the same care shall be taken, provisionally, of such real or personal property as would be taken, in a like case, of the property belonging to the natives of the country, until the lawful owner, or the person who has a right to sell the same, according to Article II, may take measures to receive or dispose of the inheritance.

ARTICLE V.

If any dispute should arise between the different claimants to the same inheritance, they shall be decided according to the laws and by the judges of the country where the property is situated.

ARTICLE VI.

All the stipulations of the present convention shall be obligatory in respect to property already inherited, devised, or bequeathed, but not yet withdrawn from the country where the same is situated at the signature of this convention.

ARTICLE VII.

This convention shall be ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of their Senate, and by His Majesty the King of Saxony, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Berlin within the term of eighteen months from the date of the signature, or sooner if possible.

In faith of which, the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the above articles, both in German and English, and have thereto affixed their seals.

Done in triplicate, in the city of Berlin, on the 14th of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty-five, and the sixty-ninth of the Independence of the United States of America. HENRY WHEATON. MINCKWITZ.

[SEAL.] [SEAL.]

SCHAUMBURG-LIPPE.

1854.

a

DECLARATION OF ACCESSION TO THE CONVENTION FOR THE EXTRADITION OF CRIMINALS, FUGITIVE FROM JUSTICE, OF JUNE 16, 1852, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND PRUSSIA AND OTHER STATES OF THE GERMANIC CONFEDERATION, AND TO ADDITIONAL ARTICLE THERETO OF NOVEMBER 16, 1852.

Dated June 7, 1854; proclaimed July 26, 1854.

Whereas a treaty for the reciprocal extradition of fugitive criminals, in special cases, was concluded between Prussia and other States of the Germanic Confederation on the one hand, and the United States of North America on the other, under date of June 16th, 1852, at Washington, by the Plenipotentiaries of the contracting parties, and has been ratified by the contracting Governments; and whereas, in the second article of the same, the United States of North America have declared that they agree that the stipulations of the aforesaid treaty shall be applicable to any other State of the Germanic Confederation which shall have subsequently declared its accession to the treaty: Now, therefore, in accordance therewith, the Government of His Serene Highness the Reigning Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe, hereby declares its accession to the aforesaid treaty of June 16th, 1852, which is, word for word, as follows:

[The original declaration here includes a copy in German and English of the treaty of June 16, 1852, and of the additional article thereto of November 16, 1852.]

and hereby expressly gives assurance that each and every article and stipulation of this treaty shall be faithfully observed and enforced within the territory of the Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe. In testimony whereof, the Government of the Prince, in the name of His Serene Highness the Reigning Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe, has executed the present declaration of accession, and caused the seal of the Government to be thereunto affixed.

Done at Buckeburg, the seventh day of June, one thousand eight hundred and fifty-four.

The Government of the Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe.

V. SAUER.

[SEAL.]

1612

a Translation.

WERNER.

SERVIA.

1881.

CONVENTION OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION.

Concluded October 14, 1881; ratification advised by the Senate July 5, 1882; ratified by the President July 14, 1882; ratifications exchanged November, 15, 1882; proclaimed December 27, 1882.

The United States of America and His Highness the Prince of Serbia, animated by the desire of facilitating and developing the commercial relations established between the two countries, have determined with this object to conclude a treaty, and have named as their respective plenipotentiaries, viz:

The United States of America, Eugene Schuyler, their chargé d'affaires and consul-general at Bucarest: His Highness the Prince of Serbia, Monsieur Ched. Mijatovitch, His Minister of Foreign Affairs, Grand Officer of His Order of Takova, &c., &c., &c.,

Who, after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon and concluded the following articles:

ARTICLE I.

There shall be reciprocally full and entire liberty of commerce and navigation between the citizens and subjects of the two high contracting powers, who shall be at liberty to establish themselves freely in each other's territory.

Citizens of the United States in Serbia and Serbian subjects in the United States shall reciprocally, on conforming to the laws of the country, be at liberty freely to enter, travel or reside in any part of the respective territories, to carry on their business, and shall enjoy in this respect for their persons and property the same protection as that enjoyed by natives or by the subjects of the most favored nation.