SCHOOLS FOR GIRLS. District of Columbia.-Continued. ONE OF OUR TWELVE BUILDINGS NATIONAL PARK SEMINARY For Young Women Washington, D.C.(Suburbs) The Glen School. The story of this school: of its phenomenal growth; its remarkable equipment of 12 buildings, attractively grouped in college fashion, forming a miniature village; its unique subdivision into eight groups of girls; its training in home making and social graces; its development of special talents; its provisions for pleasure, sight seeing and study of our National Capital- can only be told fully in our catalogue. Address Box 120, Forest Glen, Maryland. Church School for Girls In the Blue Ridge Mountains 63d Session. MARIA PENDLETON DUVAL, Principal, Virginia Female Institute, Staunton, Va. LEACHE-WOOD SEMINARY FOR GIRLS, Norfolk, Va. One hour's sail from Old Point Comfort. Delightful home. Academic and Special Courses. Native French Thousand Islands Summer School. teacher. Unusual advantages in Art and Music. 34th session begins Oct. 3d. MISS AGNES D. WEST, Principal. Kentucky. MARGARET Hall (Formerly Ashland Seminary) Versailles, Ky. Diocesan School for Girls. Academic and College Preparatory Courses. Music, Art. Wellequipped new building. Gymnasium. Large grounds. Moderate terms. Bishop Burton, Lexington, Ky., rector. Miss ELLEN C. HOGE BOOM, M.S., Principal. EUROPE. France. MISS HESS' FRENCH SCHOOL For Young Ladies for Supplementary Study. 17th year. 145 Avenue Victor Hugo, Paris, France. Germany. It is situated on a very large island (67 acres) in the most beautiful part of the St. Lawrence River. An ideal spot for a boy to spend the summer. Study not obligatory. For further information apply to REV. AUG. ULMANN, D.D., 132 West 71st Street, New York City. TEACHERS. FINANCIAL. FISK&ROBINSON BANKERS Government Bonds City of New York Bonds and other Investment Securities MEMBERS NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE 35 CEDAR STREET NEW YORK J. ་ 28 STATE STREET BOSTON P. MORGAN & CO. WALL STREET, CORNER OF BROAD. DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN BANKERS Securities bought and sold on commission. Interest allowed on Deposits. Foreign Exchange, Commercial Credits, Cable Transfers. Circular Letters for Travellers available in all parts of the world. DREXEL & CO., MORGAN, HAPJES & CO., AMERICAN AND FOREIGN TEACHERS' AGENCY BROWN BROS. & Co. Supplies Colleges, Schools and Families with Professors, Teachers, Tutors and Governesses, resident or visiting. American or Foreign. Parents aided in choice of schools. MRS. M. J. YOUNG-FULTON, 23 Union Square, New York. CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC. BERLIN, GERMANY. CINCINNATI CONSERVATORY of WILLARD SCHOOL FOR GIRLS. Special Courses in German, Music, Art, Literature, French. College Preparation. Foreign Travel. Twenty-first year opens in October. For circular, address MISS ALICE LUCE, Ph.D. (Heidelberg),27 Luitpold Strasse, Berlin SCHOOLS FOR BOTH SEXES. Massachusetts. Emerson College of Oratory Wm. J. Rolfe, A.M., Litt.D., President. The largest school of Oratory, Literature, and Pedagogy in America. It aims to develop in the student a knowledge of his own powers in expression, whether as a creative thinker or an interpreter. A beautiful new building. Summer sessions. Graduates are sought to teach Oratory, Physical Culture, Rhetoric, Literature, PROTECTOR Music, Pedagogy. 27th year opens Tuesday, Sept. 25th. Address HENRY LAWRENCE SOUTHWICK, Dean, Chickering Hall, Huntington Avenue, Boston, Mass. NO. 59 WALL STREET, N. Y. KNAUTH, NACHOD & KÜHNE, 15 William Street, New York Members of the N. Y. Stock Exchange Letters of Credit and Traveller's Checks available everywhere. Pamphlet, "Funds for Travellers," upon application After 30 Years. Send for our New Message issued after 30 years. Our splendid system has developed out of this vast ex perience. Our first mortgages upon homes in Eastern Kansas will net you six per cent and there is no better security on earth. Responsible agents wanted. Write to-day for the New Message. PERKINS & COMPANY, Lawrence, Kansas. OUR CUSTOMERS 34 YEARS HAVE TESTED IOWA FARM LOAN MORTGAGES List of Mortgages issued monthly. Will mail to any address. ELLSWORTH & JONES John Hancock Bldg., Boston. Chamber of Commerce, Chicago. Home Office Established 1871. Iowa Falls, Iowa ANNUITIES. Life Annuities, so popular for ages in Europe, are daily increasing in vogue in the United States. When guaranteed by the STRONGEST FINANCIAL INSTI New Haven Normal School of Gymnastics Capital, Surplus, & Undivided Profits, $1,200,000 TUTIONS OF THE WORLD, the income is so ABSO Seasonable Wash Goods White and Colored Swisses, 40c., 50c., 6oc., 75c., $1.00, $1.25. White and Colored Madras in several hundred designs, 35c., 40c., 45c., 50c. per yard. White Embroidered Linens in different weights, 75c., 90c., $1.00: $1.25, $1.50 per yard. White Embroidered Dimities, $1.00, $1.10, $1.25 per yard.. White and Colored Embroidered Batiste, 85c., $1.10, $1.25, $1.50 per yard. French Colored Voiles, $1.25. Pure Linen Lawns, 40c., 50c., 75c., $1.00 per yard. James McCutcheon & Co. 14 West 23d Street, New York TRVING & CASSON 150 Boylston St., Boston, Mass. Designers Wood Workers Church and Domestic CARDEQORIAL WINDOWS 25-CHURCH-SG-CAMBRIDGE TRESACHUSETTS Chas. G. Blake & Co. 770 Woman's Temple, Chicago, Ill. Correct Celtic and other Cross MONUMENTS If intending to purchase a memorial, large or small, we ask you to write us to-day, for our free booklet. It will interest you. N. B.-Distance is no obstacle. (For other Church Furnishings see page 909.) The Company is a legal depositary for moneys paid into Court, and is authorized to act as Executor, Administrator, Trustee, Guardian, Receiver, and in all other Fiduciary capacities. Acts as Trustee under Mortgages made by Railroad and other Corporations, and as Transfer Agent. and Registrar of Stocks and Bonds. Receives deposits upon Certificates of Deposit, or subject to check, and Allows Interest on Daily Balances. Manages Real Estate and lends money on bond and mortgage. Acts as Agent for the transaction of any approved financial business. EDWIN S. MARSTON, President. The Churchman The Faith once delivered unto the Saints Saturday, June 2, 1906. The Gift of Tongues. Critics have differed about the nature of the gift of tongues bestowed upon the apostles at Pentecost. But the question whether or not this gift was a miraculous power to speak in languages or dialects with which they had been unfamiliar does not go to the root of the matter. The real fact of significance is that then, for the first time, men of every nation, with every human need and aspiration, found in the words of the apostles a response to their deepest desires. For the first time in the history of the world the brotherhood of man had become an es tablished fact. Men had talked about it before, and talked very beautifully of it, but now it began to be actually realized before them. The great fact about the inspiration of the apostles was that they were empowered to speak to men of different races, with different temperaments and different needs, in words that brought to each the answer to all that his heart most wished to know. They heard in their own tongues, in language that caught a response in each heart, the wonderful works of God. That must be the work of the Church in every age; it must be our special work now; to speak to men in their own language. The Church must have a message for men in all their varied difficulties. In some way it must make them feel that it knows their language. If, for example, we are to deal with the scholar or the critic, we must know their speech and meet them on their own ground, whether it be in the way of sympathetic appreciation of their difficulties or a truer understanding of their aims. The mistakes of the past have largely been errors of spirit. In the bitter dissensions between religion and science, the real trouble was very often the absolute failure of the teacher of religion to enter sympathetically into the thought of his day. One cannot imagine a man like Huxley being hardened as he was into opposition to Christianity had he met more men like Maurice and fewer of those who flaunted dogma at him like a red rag before an enraged bull. If again, we are to do our work in the present day, with all its sociological and economic problems, the Church must speak the language of the people. It must, to take an instance, know the manual worker and the social reformer, it must feel what they feel of the injustice and oppression at which their souls burn, and it must apply Christian principles to the solution of their problems. The victory will be more than half won if the Church can make them understand that it knows their speech; the work will be a miserable failure, and the Church will re pel men who ought to be won to its ranks, if it cannot bring them its inspired message translated into a language that they know. The Church and Labor. The Presbyterians and Congregational with details of municipal, social and economic reform? Not at all. The Church has to do not with details, but with principles. If the congregation has the right spirit no member of it will go far astray. To any Churchman who realizes that he cannot be a Christian without acting like a Christian, the relation of the Church to It troubles only those who think they must explain and explain away the second of our Lord's commands, to love our neighbor as ourselves; and that in the face of the parable of the Samaritan. The clergy, says Dean Hodges, are of more use in the labor movement as in ists for some time past have been making labor will present no practical difficulty. increasingly successful efforts to secure a better understanding between capital and labor. Our own Church has hardly kept pace with the others in this matter, though we have had, since the Convention at San Francisco in 1901, a Commission on the Relations of Capital and Labor. Most Churchmen, even those interested in social problems, do not know what these other bodies are doing, and the Church Association for the Advancement of the Interests of Labor at its last general convention determined to find out. It instructed its executive committee to ascertain in detail what action had been taken by the Presbyterians and Congregationalists, so that we might profit by their example, either through action at the General Convention or at diocesan conventions. More than one hundred "fraternal delegates" have been chosen by the Presbyterians and Congregationalists and have been welcomed at meetings of organized labor in all parts of the country. Reports that have reached us would seem to indicate that their welcome had been genuine and not merely perfunctory. The awakened interest that the Churches are showing in the labor movement finds a natural response, though not quite so hearty here, perhaps, as it seems to be in England, where a writer in The Church Times observes that labor leaders are showing an unwonted interest in organ ized religion. But there is certainly a marked reaction in our labor organizations from the aggressive materialism that has now become characteristic rather of Socialism. What can the Church do? Dean Hodges said some time ago, answering this question in "The Heresy of Cain," that it would certainly do very little until it wanted to do something. spirers than as instructors, and the principle that every man is his brother's keeper falls quite within the responsibil ity of the teaching Church. "The Church is nothing more than all of us. When we are sympathetically and intelligently interested in the labor movement the Church will be. And then the Church must speak. Christian unity is likely to come about not by agreement first in polity or creed, but by co-operation, by working side by side in the labor movement and in every other movement for the general good." As a herald of such co-operation we note with gratification the resolution and proposed action of the C. A. I. L. convention. We do not know that it is desirable that the C. A. I. L. should have official recognition from the Church; but it is desirable that the Church authorities should manifest an intelligent and sympathetic interest in its work; and it seems desirable also that we should show the same earnest effort as do other Christian bodies to understand the mind of the workingman and seek to bring his thought into harmony with Christian feeling. It should be impossible for any man to say that he reveres Christ but despises Christ's Church. The Presbyterian Prayer Book. The Presbyterians have a Prayer Book. But it is not lack of will alone that The General Assembly of the Presbyhinders the Church from meeting labor terian Church in session at Des Moines, even half way; it is lack of knowledge. Ia., on May 23 authorized the PresbyThe typical congregation knows even less terian Board of Publication to issue a of labor than labor knows of it. It is quite "Book of Common Worship Prepared by at home with the poor that can be patron- the Committee of the General Assembly ized at "rummage sales" and "mothers' of the Presbyterian Church in the United meetings," but it is hopelessly at sea as to States of America for Voluntary Use." the point of view, or the outlook on life, The decision represents a compromise beof the real industrial class. Yet such tween those who wished the book to be knowledge is an essential preliminary to "published by authority" and those to any sympathetic treatment of the ques- whom heredity of individualistic tradition tion, and no treatment of it that is not forbade any direct authorization of ritual sympathetic can be helpful. Does this prayers. The debate between representamean, then, that the preacher must deal tives of the two points of view was long and keen, as debates in which Scotchmen take part are apt to be. The effect of the compromise is, as Dr. Van Dyke, the chairman of the committee who prepared the book, said, to cut from the report and from the book every reference to authority "as carefully and as successfully as a skilled surgeon could remove an appendix,” while at the same time securing recognition of the fact that the book was officially prepared "and published for the purpose contemplated by the General Assembly in 1905." The book and the action are both significant of a change that is showing itself among almost all Protestant bodies. There is in it much more than a desire for "liturgical enrichment." much more than a wish to provide for the esthetically minded a "lovely service," or "something to make them want to come to church." The causes of this change, as has been already remarked, "are more social and the ological than they are liturgical." It is the expression in the worshipping congregation of the same forces that in society and in the State are subordinating the individual to society, emphasizing the fact that the Church is a community, a brotherhood, and that there can be, from the very nature of the Christian Gospel, no solitary Christian. The liberty of individual utterance in prayer and praise is preserved by the Presbyterian Assembly. No congregation need use this Book of Common Worship, but it will surely commend itself in and by use. For, like our own Book of Common Prayer it has its roots in the religious experience and utterance of centuries, and in so far as its compilers have realized their purpose, it is representative of those aspects of Christian life which vary little either with time, place, race, or confession. Such prayers link the present with the past; they make men realize the continuity of the Christian life. It is of their very essence that they form a "common worship." They are a constant lesson in Catholicity, the product of a universal Christianity. So we rejoice that the Presbyterians, and their restored brothers of the Cumberland Church will hereafter share in this common heritage from the universal Church to each new generation of Christians. Our own Prayer Book owes to the ancient liturgies and prayers by far the larger part of what has made it increasingly precious to each succeeding generation. We shall rejoice if it remains no longer "incomparable," though to us it will always be best. Why should there not, as in Old England, be "many uses"? Almost ritual regulation even beyond the pale of Chronicle and Tainted Meat. Revelations as to the con- and the revolting treatment both of work- Pennsylvania The Pennsylvania Rail- save to gain some advantage, and every such advantage was a disadvantage to the competing shipper. Railroad officials, it is plain, must be prohibited by penal statutes from profiting personally from such abuse of their powers. It is amazing that railroad officers, holding fiduciary powers, should feel that they can take gifts and claim that their official action is not affected thereby. Mr. A. J. Cassatt, president of the Pennsylvania Railroad, has been forced to cut short his stay abroad and return at once. Suits have already been brought by a number of independent operators for the failure to provide cars. The evidence in regard to the conduct of the officials of the road has caused a sensation in Pennsylvania exceeding that of the life insurance disclosures. It must, however, be remembered that among the officers examined, three of the most conspicuous-John P. Green, first vice-president; Chas. E. Pugh and Theodore N. Ely, Chief of Motive Power-all men in a position to profit by the practices of their associates, are found to have had no part in the corrupt receipt of stock or special considerations from favored coal miners. Investigation into another phase of the same subject has been in progress before the Interstate Commerce Commission at Cleveland, where it was clearly shown by F. B. Westgate and Lewis Emery, Jr., of Pennsylvania, that rates were being constantly made on oil in a way to aid the Standard Oil Company. Free Alcohol. The denatured alcohol bill has passed the Senate The operation of with trifling changes. the bill is postponed to Jan. 1, 1907, on The Russian Crisis. re The Constitutional Democrats, moderate formers, still control the Duma, which the party of reaction is using all its forces to paralyze or to disperse by some coup d'etat. Parallels between Russia to-day and France in 1789 are numerous and striking, but the points of contrast, less noted, are There was perhaps no less significant. nothing in France corresponding to the bureaucracy's thoroughly organized system of repression, or to the terrorism of the "Black Hundreds." The peasantry had no such feeling toward Louis as the typi inevitably the new book or books like it will the ready and constant supply of cars by cal moujik entertains for the Tsar, and find a way into other hitherto non-liturgical Churches. They will be used by Congregationalists, Methodists, Baptists, and everywhere they will minister to that the railroad, a supply denied or made less there is no reason to suppose that history Will repeat itself any more than it usually does. No doubt there is a very large, influential and unscrupulous body of men willing to incite disorders to provoke reac sense of decency and order in worship intervals $5, $10 and $25 as douceurs from tion, though it were by massacre, and no which will bring these Christian bodies, if not to a visible unity, at least to a closer sympathy of common aspiration and devotional ideals with one another and with us. coal-shippers. The directors of the railroad have met and appointed a committee of five of their number, of which C. Stuart Patterson is chairman, to investigate the officers of the company. The directorate, in Perhaps, too, now that a book of com- ordering this investigation, makes the mon prayer and worship in English, for statement that it is not yet proved that the interests of the company or the public which the Anglican Churches long conhave suffered. But that is misleading. tended alone, has won recognition, it may Men are judged by the probable consebe thought prudent for the Church on its quences of their acts. These bribes, big side to relax somewhat its stringency of and little, would never have been paid doubt there is a strong party willing to risk violent revolution and to promote its ends by systematic assassination. But so long as the Constitutional Democrats retain control and keep their heads there is no reason to believe that either extreme party will prevail. That the Duma should demand amnesty for political offenders is natural; that the Tsar should demur to extend it to assassins or their accomplices is natural also, when we consider that nine high officials have been murdered in this way within a month. The Tsar might, however, have met the Duma's demand in a more conciliatory spirit, and there is no question that his refusal to receive its address except through an officer of his household, which makes the address a mere personal petition of his subjects and not the utterance of a representative body to the sovereign bound to hear it, has widened the breach between Crown and people. It is a fixed idea of the Russian reactionary that if the peasant is reached, he will be with the Tsar. It is not surprising under these circumstances that rumors begin to appear of an appeal to universal suffrage, linked with large grants of Crown lands to the peasantry, the dissolution of the Duma, and the choice of a new representative body. History in the making can be watched from day to day in Russia, and one of its greatest surprises is the capacity that the representatives of all classes are showing to be the arbiters of their own political destinies. Work at Panama. Mr. Fullerton L. Waldo at the New Orleans meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, read a paper on the present conditions and prospects at Panama, in the course of which he stated some interesting facts as to what had been done and what remained to do. His paper is printed in full in Science for May 18. From this it appears that the total yardage excavated on the Panama Canal to date is about 80,000,000 cubic yards. The yardage that directly applies along the canal route as finally determined is about 41,000,000. On the eighty foot level plan, this means that about 28 per cent. of the big ditch has been dug; on the sixty-foot level plan, about 23 per cent.; on the thirty-foot level plan, about 19 per cent.; on the sea-level plan, about 16 per cent. In the roundest kind of round numbers, this leaves about 185,000,000 yards still to be excavated for a sea-level canal; 140,000,000 for the thirty-foot level; 110,000,000 for the sixty-foot level. The Prime Minister Goremykin, speaking time required, according to John F. Walfor the Crown, has refused the programme lace, is twelve, ten and eight years, reof the Duma, offering as palliatives spectively. The cost would be: Sea-level, "universal suffrage," plans for elementary education and the revision of secondary and higher education, with a promise of the removal from the peasantry of all restrictions upon residence or occupation. There are to be concessions also in the taxes on land. Thus the ministry hopes to divide the liberal majority, but any real agrarian reform is rejected. The Duma programme looks to the direct transfer, without payment, of Crown and Government lands, and the enforced purchase, on a valuation not based upon rents, of all estates above a certain amount, and demands that the ministry resign, which it is reported is being seriously considered. French Capital For the first time an The alternative would be the dissolution of the Duma and an appeal by the Government to "universal suffrage" under police and military terrorism. "Negroes" or "Colored People." Representative Sims has been trying to get Congress, through its committee on the District of Columbia, to give its official sanction to the substitution of the word "negro" for the word "colored" wher ever it occurs in official documents. In furtherance of that design he wrote to President Washington, of Tuskegee, saying that he wished a reply for publication. Mr. Washington in the course of his answer said: "It has been my custom to write and speak of the members of my race as negroes, and when using the term 'negro' as a race designation, to employ the capital 'N.' To the majority of the people among whom we live I believe this is customary and what is termed in the rhetorics 'good usage.' That being so, I am not disposed to quarrel with the use of the word on grounds either of logic or science." He thought "Afro-Americans" more scientific and logical, since the race had been so long in America and become so closely identified with it, but all classes had used the term negro; they could not escape from the name if they would, and to cast it off would deprive them of much of the inspiration that they now had to struggle upward. "It is to our credit, not to our shame, that we have risen so rapidly, more rapidly than most other peoples, from savage ancestors through slavery to civilization. For my part, I believe the memory of these facts should be preserved in our name and traditions, as it is preserved in the color of our faces. I do not think my people should be ashamed of their history, nor of any name that people choose in good faith to give them." $230,475,725; thirty-foot level, $194,213,406; sixty-foot level, $178,013,406. The yardage cost, 54.7 cents, is based on the following figures: Installation of plant, 1.5 cents; mining, 11.2 cents; loading material, 11 cents; transportation to dumps, 11.5 cents; dumps, 4.5 cents; maintenance of track, 8.4 cents; general expense, 6.6 cents. From May 1, 1904, to May 1, 1905, about 650,000 cubic yards were excavated. The United States assumed control May 24, 1904, so these figures practically represent what was accomplished during the first year of American occupation. in America. American railroad has placed a loan in France. This is an interesting event in international finance. The road is the Pennsylvania, which requires enormous additions to its capital for its growing business and extensions. The sum is $50,000,000, which French bankers are ready to loan at the present juncture at a lower rate than American. France is proverbially the nation above all others of small savings, a nation whose minor investors rely far more than any other on the judgment of their bankers. The capital that these have every year available for investment is enormous. It has more than once made its influence felt in international politics. That it has become available for highclass American railroad bonds will tend to give breadth and stability to the bases of our finance. Telephone Profits The telephone has developed in this country to a degree wholly unand Charges. known in the rest of the world. A report just made by the census office shows the number of telephones in this country, Jan. 1, 1905, was 3,400,000, and in all Europe 1,485,784. In 1902, the total profits on 237,044 instruments were $31,280,000. A practical monopoly is still preserved by the "commercial systems" the Bell telephone patents. placed on These had a mileage of 4,779,571 and 2, 225,981 telephones. The mutual com panies had a mileage of but 70,915 and 89,316 telephones, and the independent a mileage of 49,965 and 55,747 telephones. The number of messages reported during the year was 5,070,554,553. Only about one call in fifty was from outside the town or city in which it was delivered. The average revenue was 1.7 cents per call, and the average operating expense 1.1, so that onethird of the receipts are profit. These rates sufficiently indicate that the prices charged in most cities are too high. Disorders in San Domingo. A "revolution" has begun in San Domingo just as our Senate is about to consider the Dominican treaty. An attack has been made upon Macoris, a small port, and prisoners there have been re leased. A three-cornered struggle for the presidency is certain to come between Caceres, who is in office; Morales, who fled, leaving him there; and Jiminez, who has long been plotting against both. What is called a "revolution" is, as everyone by this time clearly understands, the attempt of a few men to gather an armed force with which they can seize the treasury and loot it, more or less under the forms of law. The situation in San Domingo is simply one in which the interference of the United States must be maintained long enough to create the peaceful conditions which in Cuba are giving stability. Gunboats have been ordered to the island. United States officers are collecting the customs dues and will be protected. If the Senate under these conditions rejects the treaty, it will deliberately consign to continuous disorder a region as large as Vermont and New Hampshire, containing nearly twice their population. No partisan considerations should prevent its adoption. International Postal Progress. The International Postal Congress has made two changes of moment to the world's intercommunication. The weight which can be carried for 5 cents is raised to an ounce. Provision is made, through the cumbrous expedient of an order good for a five-cent stamp anywhere, for a stamp paying foreign postage to be sent to a correspondent to prepay his answer. This is a small convenience; but it removes a vexation. Two-cent postage should be the rule the world over. It exists already for the British Empire and for North America. It would be accepted by all countries if to some European Governments foreign postage were not an important element of revenue. Beside the interesting Oxyrhyncus. fragment of a lost Gospel which to students of Christian antiquities is naturally the most important of the latest discoveries at Oxyrhyncus, Dr. Grenfell and Dr. Hunt secured a number of classical papyri that would alone suffice to make their researches memorable. Among the fragments are Pæans of Pindar, adding materially to our scholarly knowledge of this verse form; a fragment of a hitherto little known tragedy of Euripides, the Hypsipile; new readings and Logia of Plato, Demosthenes and Lysias and fragments of the poems of Cercidas that make him something more than the shadow of a name. In some respects even more important than any of these are the personal and private documents which cast such interesting sidelights on phases of social life, and there is also a considerable fragment of Greek history, dealing with matters hitherto obscure. These researches in the wastepaper baskets of Oxyrhyncus have been so productive that it is to be hoped they may be prosecuted |