SCHOOLS FOR GIRLS.

District of Columbia.-Continued.

NATIONAL PARK SEMINARY

For Young Women Washington, D.C.(Suburbs)

The Glen School. The story of this school: of its phenomenal growth; its remarkable equipment of 12 buildings, attractively grouped in college fashion, forming a miniature village; its unique subdivision into eight groups of girls; its training in home making and social graces; its development of special talents; its provisions for pleasure, sight seeing and study of our National Capital- can only be told fully in our catalogue. Address

Box 120, Forest Glen, Maryland.
Virginia.

Church School for Girls In the Blue Ridge

63d Session. MARIA PENDLETON DUVAL, Principal, Virginia Female Institute, Staunton, Va.

EUROPE.
France.

ONE OF OUR

TWELVE BUILDINGS

MISS HESS' FRENCH SCHOOL

For Young Ladies for Supplementary Study. 17th year.

145 Avenue Victor Hugo, Paris, France.

Germany.

SCHOOLS FOR BOTH SEXES.

Massachusetts.

LEACHE-WOOD SEMINARY FOR GIRLS, Norfolk, Va. One hour's sail from Old Point Comfort.

Delightful home. Academic and Special Courses. Native French Thousand Islands Summer School.

teacher. Unusual advantages in Art and Music. 34th session
begins Oct. 2d.
MISS AGNES D. WEST, Principal.

Kentucky.

MARGARET HALL (Formerly Ashland Seminary) Versailles, Ky. Diocesan School for Girls. Academic and College Preparatory Courses. Music, Art. Wellequipped new building. Gymnasium. Large grounds. Moderate terms. Bishop Burton, Lexington, Ky., rector. Miss ELLEN C. HOGE BOOM, M.S., Principal.

Emerson College

of Oratory

Wm. J. Rolfe, A. M., Litt. D., President. The largest school of Oratory, Literature, and Pedagogy in America. It aims to develop in the student a knowledge of his own powers in expression, whether as a creative thinker or an interpreter. A beautiful new building. Summer sessions. Graduates are sought to teach Oratory, Physical Culture, Rhetoric, Literature, Music, Pedagogy. 27th year opens Tuesday, Sept. 25th. Address HENRY LAWRENCE SOUTHWICK, Dean, Chickering Hall, Huntington Avenue, Boston, Mass.

PROTECTOR NOSTE

Massachusetts.

Miss Annie Coolidge Rust's

Froebel School of Kindergarten

Normal Classes.
Regular and Special Courses.

Connecticut.

SUMMER SCHOOLS AND CAMPS.
Maine.

Boys' Summer Camp

"Wildmere" in the Maine Woods
(Sebago Lake Region)
The kind of vacation that does good.
Mountain climbing, canoeing, fishing-
the life a boy loves. Coaching trip
through the White Mountains. Super-
vision and companionship of college-
bred leaders and masters. Tutoring if
desired. Seventh season begins June
28th. Booklet on request.

15th Year.

99 Newbury Street,
BOSTON, Mass.

IRVING K. WOODMAN, Ph.B.,
Adelphi Academy, Brooklyn, N. Y.

New Hampshire.

CAMP OSSIPEE FOR BOYS.

Sum

Open All the Year.
For Tutoring or Recreation for all ages.
mer term opens June 20. Bungaloes, tents,
stables, assembly halls, all lighted by electric
lights; 200 acres, sand shores exclusively situ-
ated on largest lake in U. S. without an island.
Launch, sail boats, saddle and driving horses,
coaching and roughing trips, creamery and farm.
Division camp in Temagami Lakes, Canada.
Illustrated Prospectus with personnel and ref-
HENRY B. YOUNG.
143 Newbury St., Boston, Mass.

erences.

307 York St., New Haven, Conn. Two years' course for preparing teachers of Physica Training. Course in Massage and Medical Gymnastics. Summer courses in Gymnastics. Catalogues sent on request.

CAMP WACHUSETT Lake Asquam

Holderness, N. H. Fourth season. Boating, canoeing, fishing, swimming, water sports. Instruction by a specialist in Natural History. Tutoring, if desired. Highest references. Send for circular to the Rev. LORIN WEBSTER,

Holderness School, Plymouth, N. H.

BERLIN, GERMANY. CINCINNATI CONSERVATORY of

WILLARD SCHOOL FOR GIRLS.

Special Courses in German, Music, Art, Literature, French. College Preparation. Foreign Travel. Twenty-first year opens in October. For circular, address

MUSIC. ESTABLISHED 1867.
Directress.

MISS ALICE LUCE, Ph.D. (Heidelberg),27 Luitpold Strasse, Berlin

New York.

It is situated on a very large island (67 acres) in the most beautiful part of the St. Lawrence River. An ideal spot for a boy to spend the summer. Study not obligatory. For further information apply to

REV. AUG. ULMANN, D.D.,

132 West 71st Street, New York City.

TEACHERS.

CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC.

FINANCIAL.

Supplies Colleges, Schools and Families with Pro- BROWN BROS. & CO.

NO. 59 WALL STREET, N. Y.

fessors, Teachers, Tutors and Governesses, resident or
visiting. American or Foreign. Parents aided in
choice of schools.

MRS. M. J. YOUNG-FULTON,
23 Union Square, New York.

Assistant Treasurer of Churches, Hospi-
tals, Benevolent Societies, Clubs and other
organizations; taking the custody of and
investing their
permanent endowment
funds, or receiving, caring for and dis-
bursing their current income.

Real Estate Trust Co.

ANNUITIES.

Of New York 30 NASSAU STREET

Life Annuities, so popular for ages in Europe, are daily increasing in vogue in the United States. When guaranteed by the STRONGEST FINANCIAL INSTI

New Haven Normal School of Gymnastics Capital, Surplus, & Undivided Profits, $1,200,000 TUTIONS OF THE WORLD, the income is so ABSO

LUTELY SAFE that mental ease and comfort are
assured. For particulars apply to or addresa BARENT
H. LANE, The Equitable Life Assurance Society, 128
Broadway, New York City.

Please mention THE CHURCHMAN in writing to advertisers.

Messrs. J. S. MORGAN & CO.,

NO. 22 OLD BROAD STREET, LONDON.

LETTERS

We buy and sell Bills of Exchange and make cable transfers of money to Europe, Australia, and South Africa; also make Collections and issue Commercial and Letters

OF

CREDIT. of Credit for Travellers avail

able in all parts of the world. International Cheques. Certificates of Deposit.

KNAUTH, NACHOD & KÜHNE,

15 William Street, New York Members of the N. Y. Stock Exchange Letters of Credit and Traveller's Checks available everywhere. Pamphlet, "Funds for Travellers," upon application

OUR

34 YEARS HAVE TESTED IOWA FARM LOAN MORTGAGES

List of Mortgages issued monthly. Will mail to any
address.
ELLSWORTH & JONES
John Hancock Bldg., Boston.
Chamber of Commerce, Chicago.
Home Office Established 1971.
Iowa Falls, Iowa

White and Colored Swisses, 40c., 50c., 6oc., 75c., $1.00, $1.25.

White and Colored Madras in several hundred designs, 35c., 40c., 45c., 50c. per yard.

White Embroidered Linens in different weights, 75c., 90c., $1.00: $1.25, $1.50 per yard.

White Embroidered Dimities, $1.00, $1.10, $1.25 per yard..

White and Colored Embroidered Batiste, 85c., $1.10, $1.25, $1.50 per yard.

French Colored Voiles, $1.25.

Established
half a century

Pure Linen Lawns, 40c., 50c., 75c., $1.00 per yard.
Dress Linens in a variety of weights and colors.

Mail orders have our prompt attention.
"The Linen Store "

James McCutcheon & Co.

14 West 23d Street, New York

Duryea & Potter,

MEMORIAL WINDOWS,

From Our Own Designs.

ALSO IN

G

TRADE MARK

TRVING

& CASSON

MEMORIAL WINDOWS The Farmers' Loan

IN AMERICAN GLASS

and Trust Company

R. GEISSLER,

56 West 8th Street, New York.
STAINED GLASS,
FURNITURE,

CHURCH SILVER WORK,

BRASS WORK
MARBLE WORK,

Wood Workers

Church and Domestic
Decorators

ENGLISH STAINED GLASS

BY

Heaton, Butler & Bayne, of London, Eng. Capital and Undivided Profits, $8,000,000
THE GORHAM COMPANY
Fifth Ave. at 36th St., New York.

Embroideries, Fabrics.
MEMORIALS FOR THE CHURCH AND
CEMETERY.

CORDEDORIAL WINDOWS
Harry Huredge-Goodhue

Chas. G. Blake & Co.

770 Woman's Temple, Chicago, Ill.
ARE MAKERS OF

Correct Celtic and other Cross

150

Boylston St.,
Boston, Mass.

25-ABARC-86-CAMBRIDGE TRESACHUSETTS +

MONUMENTS

If intending to purchase a memorial, large or small,
we ask you to write us to-day, for our free booklet.
It will interest you. N. B.-Distance is no obstacle.

(For other Church Furnishings see page 909.)

Designers
Furnishers

Chartered 1822.

Nos. 16, 18, 20 & 22 William Street,
NEW YORK.

The Company is a legal depositary for moneys paid into Court, and is authorized to act as Executor, Administrator, Trustee, Guardian, Receiver, and in all other Fiduciary capacities.

Acts as Trustee under Mortgages made by Railroad and other Corporations, and as Transfer Agent. and Registrar of Stocks and Bonds. Receives deposits upon Certificates of Deposit, or subject to check, and

Allows Interest on Daily Balances.

Manages Real Estate and lends money on bond and mortgage.

Acts as Agent for the transaction of any approved financial business.

The Churchman

The Faith once delivered unto the Saints

The Gift of Tongues.

Critics have differed about the nature of the gift of tongues bestowed upon the apostles at Pentecost. But the question whether or not this gift was a miraculous power to speak in languages or dialects with which they had been unfamiliar

does not go to the root of the matter. The real fact of significance is that then, for the first time, men of every nation, with every human need and aspiration, found in the words of the apostles a response to their deepest desires. For the first time in the history of the world the brotherhood of man had become an es

tablished fact. Men had talked about it before, and talked very beautifully of it, but now it began to be actually realized before them. The great fact about the inspiration of the apostles was that they were empowered to speak to men of different races, with different temperaments and different needs, in words that brought to each the answer to all that his heart most wished to know. They heard in their own tongues, in language that caught a response in each heart, the wonderful works of God.

Saturday, June 2, 1906.

pel men who ought to be won to its ranks,
if it cannot bring them its inspired mes-
sage translated into a language that they

know.

with details of municipal, social and economic reform? Not at all. The Church has to do not with details, but with principles. If the congregation has the right spirit no member of it will go far astray. To any Churchman who realizes that he cannot be a Christian without acting like a Christian, the relation of the Church to

The Church and Labor.

The Presbyterians and Congregational

It troubles only those who think they
must explain and explain away the sec-
ond of our Lord's commands, to love our
neighbor as ourselves; and that in the
face of the parable of the Samaritan.

ists for some time past have been making labor will present no practical difficulty.
increasingly successful efforts to secure a
better understanding between capital and
labor. Our own Church has hardly kept
pace with the others in this matter,
though we have had, since the Convention
at San Francisco in 1901, a Commission on
the Relations of Capital and Labor.
Most Churchmen, even those interested in
social problems, do not know what these
other bodies are doing, and the Church
Association for the Advancement of the
Interests of Labor at its last general con-
vention determined to find out. It in-
structed its executive committee to ascer-
tain in detail what action had been taken

by the Presbyterians and Congregational-
ists, so that we might profit by their ex-
ample, either through action at the Gen-

eral Convention or at diocesan conven-
tions. More than one hundred "fraternal
delegates" have been chosen by the Pres-
byterians and Congregationalists and have
been welcomed at meetings of organized
labor in all parts of the country. Reports
that have reached us would seem to indi-
cate that their welcome had been genuine
and not merely perfunctory.

That must be the work of the Church
in every age; it must be our special work
now; to speak to men in their own lan-
guage. The Church must have a message
for men in all their varied difficulties.
In some way it must make them feel
that it knows their language. If, for
example, we are to deal with the scholar The awakened interest that the Churches
or the critic, we must know their speech are showing in the labor movement finds a
and meet them on their own ground, natural response, though not quite so
whether it be in the way of sympathetic hearty here, perhaps, as it seems to be in
appreciation of their difficulties or a England, where a writer in The Church
truer understanding of their aims. The Times observes that labor leaders are
mistakes of the past have largely been showing an unwonted interest in organ
errors of spirit. In the bitter dissen- ized religion. But there is certainly a
sions between religion and science, the marked reaction in our labor organiza-
real trouble was very often the absolute tions from the aggressive materialism
failure of the teacher of religion to enter that has now become characteristic rather
sympathetically into the thought of his of Socialism.
day. One cannot imagine a man like
Huxley being hardened as he was into
opposition to Christianity had he met
more men like Maurice and fewer of those
who flaunted dogma at him like a red
rag before an enraged bull.

The clergy, says Dean Hodges, are of more use in the labor movement as in

spirers than as instructors, and the principle that every man is his brother's keeper falls quite within the responsibility of the teaching Church. "The Church is nothing more than all of us. When we are sympathetically and intelligently interested in the labor movement the Church will be. And then the Church

must speak. Christian unity is likely to come about not by agreement first in polity or creed, but by co-operation, by working side by side in the labor movement and in every other movement for the general good."

But it is not lack of will alone that

If again, we are to do our work in the hinders the Church from meeting labor present day, with all its sociological and even half way; it is lack of knowledge. economic problems, the Church must The typical congregation knows even less speak the language of the people. It of labor than labor knows of it. It is quite must, to take an instance, know the manat home with the poor that can be patronual worker and the social reformer, it ized at "rummage sales" and "mothers' must feel what they feel of the injustice meetings," but it is hopelessly at sea as to and oppression at which their souls burn, the point of view, or the outlook on life, and it must apply Christian principles of the real industrial class. Yet such to the solution of their problems. The knowledge is an essential preliminary to victory will be more than half won if the any sympathetic treatment of the quesChurch can make them understand that it tion, and no treatment of it that is not knows their speech; the work will be a sympathetic can be helpful. Does this miserable failure, and the Church will re- mean, then, that the preacher must deal

As a herald of such co-operation we note with gratification the resolution and proposed action of the C. A. I. L. conven

tion. We do not know that it is desirable

that the C. A. I. L. should have official recognition from the Church; but it is desirable that the Church authorities should manifest an intelligent and sympathetic interest in its work; and it seems desirable also that we should show the same earnest effort as do other Christian bodies to understand the mind of the workingman and seek to bring his thought into harmony with Christian feeling. It should be impossible for any man to say that he reveres Christ but despises Christ's Church.

What can the Church do? Dean Hodges

said some time ago, answering this ques- The Presbyterian Prayer
tion in "The Heresy of Cain," that it
would certainly do very little until it
wanted to do something.

Book.

The Presbyterians have a Prayer Book. The General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in session at Des Moines, Ia., on May 23 authorized the Presbyterian Board of Publication to issue a "Book of Common Worship Prepared by the Committee of the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America for Voluntary Use." The decision represents a compromise between those who wished the book to be "published by authority" and those to whom heredity of individualistic tradition forbade any direct authorization of ritual prayers. The debate between representatives of the two points of view was long

and keen, as debates in which Scotchmen take part are apt to be. The effect of the compromise is, as Dr. Van Dyke, the chairman of the committee who prepared the book, said, to cut from the report and from the book every reference to authority "as carefully and as successfully as a skilled surgeon could remove an appendix," while at the same time securing recognition of the fact that the book was officially prepared "and published for the purpose contemplated by the General As sembly in 1905."

ritual regulation even beyond the pale of
the Huntington "Joint Resolution," and
permit, where there is special occasion, a
greater flexibility in the ordering of ser-
vices, and a greater freedom in giving ex-
pression to the supplications or thanks-
givings of congregations under the sudden
stress of some great emotion. As Canon
Liddon observed, "the risk of using gen-
eral language when there is need of
pointed applicability to a particular case
is very great."

Perhaps, too, now that a book of common prayer and worship in English, for which the Anglican Churches long contended alone, has won recognition, it may be thought prudent for the Church on its side to relax somewhat its stringency of

The book and the action are both significant of a change that is showing itself among almost all Protestant bodies. There is in it much more than a desire for "liturgical enrichment." much more than a wish to provide for the esthetically minded a "lovely service," or "something to make them want to come to church." The causes of this change, as has been already remarked, "are more social and the ological than they are liturgical." It is the expression in the worshipping congregation of the same forces that in society and in the State are subordinating the individual to society, emphasizing the fact that the Church is a community, a brotherhood, and that there can be, from the very nature of the Christian Gospel, no solitary Christian.

The liberty of individual utterance in prayer and praise is preserved by the Presbyterian Assembly. No congregation need use this Book of Common Worship, but it will surely commend itself in and by use. For, like Our Own Book of Common Prayer it has its roots in the religious experience and utterance of centuries, and in so far as its compilers have realized their purpose, it is representative of those aspects of Christian life which vary little either with time, place, race, or confession. Such prayers link the present with the past; they make men realize the continuity of the Christian life. It is of their very essence that they form a “common worship." They are a constant lesson in Catholicity, the product of a universal Christianity. So we rejoice that the Presbyterians,

and their restored brothers of the Cumberland Church will hereafter share in this common heritage from the universal Church to each new generation of Christians. Our own Prayer Book owes to the ancient liturgies and prayers by far the larger part of what has made it increasing

ly precious to each succeeding generation. We shall rejoice if it remains no longer "incomparable," though to us it will always be best. Why should there not, as in Old England, be "many uses”? Almost inevitably the new book or books like it will the ready and constant supply of cars by cal moujik entertains for the Tsar, and find a way into other hitherto non-liturgi- the railroad, a supply denied or made less there is no reason to suppose that history cal Churches. They will be used by Con- constant to independent companies. Varwill repeat itself any more than it usually does. No doubt there is a very large, ingregationalists, Methodists, Baptists, and ious subordinate officers, in positions coneverywhere they will minister to that trolling or influencing transportation fluential and unscrupulous body of men sense of decency and order in worship along the line, have habitually received at willing to incite disorders to provoke reacintervals $5, $10 and $25 as douceurs from tion, though it were by massacre, and no which will bring these Christian bodies, coal-shippers. The directors of the rail- doubt there is a strong party willing to if not to a visible unity, at least to a closer sympathy of common aspiration and devotional ideals with one another and with us.

Chronicle and
Comment.

Tainted Meat.

Revelations as to the conditions of meat packing in Chicago have stirred and disgusted the, country. When France and Germany, fifteen or twenty years ago, refused to permit the importation of American meat unless a government inspection was established, the great meat packers in Chicago and the West reluctantly accepted the supervision of the Department of Agricul

The Pennsylvania Rail-
road investigation has
shocked the moral sense
of the country. It is

found that William A. Pallon, "Assistant
to the President," holds $300,000 in stock
of coal mine company for which he has
paid nothing in cash, though the stock
pays 12 per cent. dividends. The prosper-
ity of these mines has turned wholly upon

save to gain some advantage, and every such advantage was a disadvantage to the competing shipper. Railroad officials, it is plain, must be prohibited by penal statutes from profiting personally from such abuse of their powers. It is amazing that railroad officers, holding fiduciary powers, should feel that they can take gifts and claim that their official action is not af fected thereby.

Investigation into another phase of the
same subject has been in progress before
ture.
Interstate
This, however, did not apply to the
Commerce Commission
meats for domestic consumption. In this at Cleveland, where it was clearly
field, abuses sprang up, in the disregard of shown by F. B. Westgate and Lewis
hygienic conditions, in the use of diseased Emery, Jr., of Pennsylvania, that rates
meats, and in the conditions under which were being constantly made on oil in a
men, women and children worked. way to aid the Standard Oil Company.
Though this affected only a small per-
centage of the total meat product, it was a
foul abuse of the first magnitude. A year
ago Mr. Upton Sinclair made these abuses
and the revolting treatment both of work-
men in the stock yards and of meat in-
tended for human consumption the subject
of a novel called "The Jungle." This was
read by President Roosevelt, and led to an
investigation by Labor Commissioner
Neill and Mr. J. B. Reynolds. Their report,
which has not been published, seems to
have confirmed the worst which had been
charged. President Roosevelt then gave
the packers the alternative of either ac-
cepting drastic inspection by the Federal
Government or having this report and an
accompanying message printed, certain to
create a storm of public indignation. The
packers seem to have bowed to the storm.

Legislation providing for thorough and
efficient federal inspection, with heavy
Senate. But action by city and State
penalties for evasion, has passed the
authorities is also needed.

Pennsylvania
Railroad
Rebates.

Mr. A. J. Cassatt, president of the Pennsylvania Railroad, has been forced to cut short his stay abroad and return at once. Suits have already been brought by a number of independent operators for the failure to provide cars. The evidence in regard to the conduct of the officials of the road has caused a sensation in Pennsylvania exceeding that of the life insurance disclosures. It must, however, be remembered that among the officers examined, three of the most conspicuous-John P. Green, first vice-president; Chas. E. Pugh and Theodore N. Ely, Chief of Motive Power-all men in a position to profit by the practices of their associates, are found to have had no part in the corrupt receipt of stock or special considerations from favored coal miners.

road have met and appointed a committee
of five of their number, of which C. Stuart
Patterson is chairman, to investigate the
officers of the company. The directorate, in
ordering this investigation, makes the
statement that it is not yet proved that
the interests of the company or the public
have suffered. But that is misleading.
Men are judged by the probable conse-
quences of their acts. These bribes, big
and little, would never have been paid

Free Alcohol.

The denatured alcohol bill has passed the Senate The operation of with trifling changes. the bill is postponed to Jan. 1, 1907, on the ground that the makers of wood alcohol need time to adjust their business and dispose of works said to be worth $60,000,000-probably by some similar system of calculation to that used by the New York gas and traction companies in calculating their capital when legislative regulation looms on the trust horizon. We have already shown the beneficent effect to be anticipated from the bill. It cheapens power for illumination and light manufacture, and will give the farmer a new marketable product of corn, that now goes to law-made waste.

re

The Constitutional Democrats, moderate formers, still control the Duma, which the party of reaction is using all its forces to paralyze or to disperse by some coup d'etat. Parallels between Russia to-day and France in 1789 are numerous and striking, but the points of contrast, less noted, are There was perhaps no less significant. nothing in France corresponding to the bureaucracy's thoroughly organized system of repression, or to the terrorism of the "Black Hundreds." The peasantry had no such feeling toward Louis as the typi

The Russian
Parliamentary
Crisis.

risk violent revolution and to promote its ends by systematic assassination. But so long as the Constitutional Democrats retain control and keep their heads there is no reason to believe that either extreme

party will prevail. That the Duma should demand amnesty for political offenders is natural; that the Tsar should demur to extend it to assassins or their accomplices is natural also, when we consider that nine high officials have been murdered in

this way within a month. The Tsar
might, however, have met the Duma's de-
mand in a more conciliatory spirit, and
there is no question that his refusal to re-
ceive its address except through an
officer of his household, which makes the
address a mere personal petition of his
subjects and not the utterance of a repre-
sentative body to the sovereign bound to
hear it, has widened the breach between
Crown and people. It is a fixed idea of
the Russian reactionary that if the peas-
ant is reached, he will be with the Tsar.
It is not surprising under these circum-
stances that rumors begin to appear of an
appeal to universal suffrage, linked with
large grants of Crown lands to the peas-
antry, the dissolution of the Duma, and
the choice of a new representative body.
History in the making can be watched
from day to day in Russia, and one of its
greatest surprises is the capacity that the
representatives of all classes are showing
to be the arbiters of their own political
destinies.

Mr. Fullerton L. Waldo
Work
at the New Orleans meet-
at Panama.
ing of the American As-
sociation for the Advancement of Science,
read a paper on the present conditions
and prospects at Panama, in the course of
which he stated some interesting facts as
to what had been done and what remained
to do. His paper is printed in full in Sci-
ence for May 18. From this it appears that
the total yardage excavated on the
Panama Canal to date is about 80,000,000
cubic yards. The yardage that directly ap-
plies along the canal route as finally deter-
mined is about 41,000,000. On the eighty
foot level plan, this means that about 28
per cent. of the big ditch has been dug;
on the sixty-foot level plan, about 23 per
cent.; on the thirty-foot level plan, about
19 per cent.; on the sea-level plan, about
16 per cent. In the roundest kind of round
numbers, this leaves about 185,000,000
yards still to be excavated for a sea-level
canal; 140,000,000 for the thirty-foot level;
110,000,000 for the sixty-foot level.
time required, according to John F. Wal-
lace, is twelve, ten and eight years, re-
spectively. The cost would be: Sea-level,
$230,475,725; thirty-foot level, $194,213,-
406; sixty-foot level, $178,013,406. The
yardage cost, 54.7 cents, is based on the
following figures: Installation of plant, 1.5
cents; mining, 11.2 cents; loading ma-
terial, 11 cents; transportation to dumps,
11.5 cents; dumps, 4.5 cents; maintenance
of track, 8.4 cents; general expense, 6.6
cents. From May 1, 1904, to May 1, 1905,
about 650,000 cubic yards were excavated.
The United States assumed control May
24, 1904, so these figures practically repre-
sent what was accomplished during the
first year of American occupation.

The

Prime Ministe Goremykin, speaking
for the Crown, has refused the programme
of the Duma, offering as palliatives
“universal suffrage," plans for elementary
education and the revision of secondary
and higher education, with a promise of
the removal from the peasantry of all re-
strictions upon residence or occupation.
There are to be concessions also in the
taxes on land. Thus the ministry hopes
to divide the liberal majority, but any real
agrarian reform is rejected. The Duma
programme looks to the direct transfer,
without payment, of Crown and Govern-
ment lands, and the enforced purchase, on
a valuation not based upon rents, of all
estates above a certain amount, and de-
mands that the ministry resign, which it
is reported is being seriously considered. French Capital
The alternative would be the dissolution
of the Duma and an appeal by the Govern-
ment to "universal suffrage" under police
and military terrorism.

in America.

"Negroes" or
"Colored

People."

ever

occurs

For the first time an
American railroad has
placed a loan in France.
This is an interesting event in interna-
tional finance. The road is the Pennsyl-
vania, which requires enormous additions
Representative Sims has to its capital for its growing business
been trying to get Con- and extensions. The sum is $50,000,000,
gress, through its com- which French bankers are ready to loan at
mittee on the District the present juncture at a lower rate than
of Columbia, to give its official sanc- American. France is proverbially the na-
tion to the substitution of the word tion above all others of small savings, a
"negro" for the word "colored" wher- nation whose minor investors rely far
it
documents.
in official
more than any other on the judgment of
In furtherance of that design he wrote to their bankers. The capital that these have
President Washington, of Tuskegee, say every year available for investment is
enormous. It has more than once made
ing that he wished a reply for publication.
its influence felt in international politics.
Mr. Washington in the course of his an-
swer said: "It has been my custom to write That it has become available for high-
class American railroad bonds will tend
and speak of the members of my race as
negroes, and when using the term 'negro' to give breadth and stability to the bases
as a race designation, to employ the capi- of our finance.
tal 'N.' To the majority of the people
among whom we live I believe this is cus-
tomary and what is termed in the rhetor-
ics 'good usage.' That being so, I am not
disposed to quarrel with the use of the
word on grounds either of logic or
science." He thought "Afro-Americans"
more scientific and logical, since the race
had been so long in America and become
so closely identified with it, but all classes
had used the term negro; they could not
escape from the name if they would, and
to cast it off would deprive them of much
of the inspiration that they now had to
struggle upward. "It is to our credit, not
to our shame, that we have risen so rapid-
ly, more rapidly than most other peoples,
from savage ancestors through slavery to
civilization. For my part, I believe the
memory of these facts should be preserved
in our name and traditions, as it is pre-
served in the color of our faces. I do not
think my people should be ashamed of
their history, nor of any name that peo-
ple choose in good faith to give them."

The telephone has de-
veloped in this country
to a degree wholly un-
known in the rest of the
world. A report just made by the census
office shows the number of telephones in
this country, Jan. 1, 1905, was 3,400,000,
and in all Europe 1,485,784. In 1902, the
total profits on 237,044 instruments were
$31,280,000. A practical monopoly is still
preserved by the "commercial systems"
the Bell telephone patents.
placed on
These had a mileage of 4,779,571 and 2,-
225,981 telephones. The mutual com-
panies had a mileage of but 70,915 and 89,-
316 telephones, and the independent a
mileage of 49,965 and 55,747 telephones.
The number of messages reported during
the year was 5,070,554,553. Only about one
call in fifty was from outside the town or
city in which it was delivered. The aver-
age revenue was 1.7 cents per call, and the
average operating expense 1.1, so that one-
third of the receipts are profit. These
rates sufficiently indicate that the prices
charged in most cities are too high.

Telephone Profits and Charges.

President Cuba, by the inauguraPalma's Inaug- tion of President Palma, uration. has again shown how secure is the island. It was an agreeable feature of the occasion, and one which promises much for the future, that the Spanish envoy led the congratulations of the diplomatic corps, and that President Palma laid special stress upon the desire of Cuba for the happiness of the Spanish sovereign in his approaching marriage. Cuba before long will happily feel to Spain as the United States to England.

Disorders in
San Domingo.

A "revolution" has begun in San Domingo just as our Senate is about to consider the Dominican treaty. An attack has been made upon Macoris, a small port, and prisoners there have been re leased. A three-cornered struggle for the presidency is certain to come between Caceres, who is in office; Morales, who fled, leaving him there; and Jiminez, who has long been plotting against both. What is called a "revolution" is, as everyone by this time clearly understands, the attempt of a few men to gather an armed force with which they can seize the treasury and loot it, more or less under the forms of law. The situation in San Domingo is simply one in which the interference of the United States must be maintained long enough to create the peaceful conditions which in Cuba are giving stability. Gunboats have been ordered to the island. United States officers are collecting the customs dues and will be protected. If the Senate under these conditions rejects the treaty, it will deliberately consign to continuous disorder a region as large as Vermont and New Hampshire, containing nearly twice their population. No partisan considerations should prevent its adoption.

The International Postal International Congress has made two Postal changes of moment to Progress. the world's intercommunication. The weight which can be carried for 5 cents is raised to an ounce. Provision is made, through the cumbrous expedient of an order good for a five-cent stamp anywhere, for a stamp paying foreign postage to be sent to a correspondent to prepay his answer. This is a small convenience; but it removes a vexation. Two-cent postage should be the rule the world over. It exists already for the British Empire and for North America. It would be accepted by all countries if to some European Governments foreign postage were not an important element of

revenue.

Beside the interesting Oxyrhyncus. fragment of a lost Gospel which to students of Christian antiquities is naturally the most important of the latest discoveries at Oxyrhyncus, Dr. Grenfell and Dr. Hunt secured a number of classical papyri that would alone suffice to make their researches memorable. Among the fragments are Pæans of Pindar, adding materially to our scholarly knowledge of this verse form; a fragment of a hitherto little known tragedy of Euripides, the Hypsipile; new readings and Logia of Plato, Demosthenes and Lysias and fragments of the poems of Cercidas that make him something more than the shadow of a name. In some respects even more important than any of these are the personal and private documents which cast such interesting sidelights on phases of social life, and there is also a considerable fragment of Greek history, dealing with matters hitherto obscure. These researches in the wastepaper baskets of Oxyrhyncus have been so productive that it is to be hoped they may be prosecuted