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V. SELECTED FORMAL ACTIONS, ETC.-Continued
C. Natural Resources-Continued

3. Territorial Seas, Fisheries Conventions, and Related
Legislation...

a. Convention for the Establishment of an Inter-
American Tropical Tuna Commission, 1950.
b. Tuna Conventions Act of 1950, as Amended__
c. Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission..
d. Declaration of Montevideo on the Law of the
Sea (claim to 200 miles of territorial seas
by certain nations), 1970__-

e. Agreement Between the Government of the
Federative Republic of Brazil and the Gov-
ernment of the United States of America
Concerning Shrimp, 1972__-

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f. Legislation Prohibiting U.S. Assistance to
Ecuador Because of Fishing Seizures..
g. Fishermen's Protective Act of 1967-

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2. Title IV: Overseas Private Investment Corporation
(OPIC)

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5. Sec. 507: Restrictions on Military Aid to Latin
America

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6. Sec. 620: Prohibitions Against Furnishing Assistance
(Cuba, and certain other countries).

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B. Foreign Military Sales Act as Amended (Sec. 33 a and c:
Regional Ceilings on Foreign Military Sales).

444

C. Inter-American Foundation Act (Foreign Assistance Act of
1969, Part IV, as Amended)_

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D. Latin American Development Act, as Amended.

E. Prohibition on Assistance to Ecuador (Sec. 113, Foreign
Assistance and Related Programs Appropriation Act,
1972)___

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F. Fishermen's Protective Act of 1967–.

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G. The Sugar Act of 1948, as Amended, and Sugar Quotas...
H. An Act to Extend the International Coffee Agreement Act of
1968 (Public Law 92-262)_

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I. Agricultural Trade Development and Assistance Act of 1954,
as Amended (Public Law 480) -

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J. Claims Against Cuba (Public Law 88-666, as amended by
Public Law 89-262).

470

K. Cuba Resolution (Public Law 87-733).

474

L. Resolution on Communist Subversion in the Western Hemi-
sphere (House Res. 560, September 20, 1965) -

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4. International Boundary and Water Commission,
United States and Mexico_.

483

5. American-Mexican Chamizal Convention (Public
Law 88-300), 1964-

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6. Convention Between the United States and Mexico for
the Solution of the Problem of the Chamizal, 1964__
7. Treaty To Resolve the Pending Boundary Differences
and Maintain the Rio Grande and Colorado River
as the International Boundary Between the United
States and Mexico, 1970--

8. Treaty of Cooperation Between the United States and
Mexico Providing for the Recovery and Return of
Stolen Archaeological, Historical and Cultural
Properties, 1970__.

B. Panama..

1. Convention for the Construction of a Ship Canal
(Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty), 1903.

2. General Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation Be-
tween United States of America and Panama, 1936_
3. Treaty of Mutual Understanding and Cooperation,

C. Cuba..

1955

1. Guantanamo Naval Base Agreements, 1903 and 1934_
a. Treaty Between the United States of America
and Cuba, 1934..........

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b. Lease of Coaling or Naval Stations, 1903.
c. Lease for Naval or Coaling Stations in Guan-
tanamo and Bahia Honda, 1903_

2. Prohibitions Against Furnishing Assistance (Foreign
Assistance Act of 1961, as Amended, Sec. 620)--
3. Claims Against Cuba (Public Law 88-666,
amended by Public Law 89-262).

4. Cuba Resolution (Public Law 87-733)_.

5. Resolution on Communist Subversion in the Western
Hemisphere (House Res. 560, September 20, 1965).

VIII. TREATIES IN FORCE: A List of Treaties and Other International
Agreements Between the United States and Latin American Countries
in Force on January 1, 1972_.

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I. ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES (OAS)

A. Description.

B. OAS Charter....

C. Protocol of Amendment to the OAS Charter_

D. OAS Organizational Chart____

E. Special Committee for Consultation and Negotiation (CECON)

F. OAS Conferences and Meetings..

1. Pan American Conferences 1826-1972_.

F 1 100 1

2. Meetings of Consultation of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, 1939-
1972_

3. Formal Peacekeeping Activities, 1948-1972_

G. Specialized Organizations of the OAS

1. Inter-American Children's Institute..

2. Inter-American Commission of Women.

3. Inter-American Indian Institute...

4. Inter-American Institute of Agricultural Sciences_
5. Pan American Health Organization_-_

6. Pan American Institute of Geography and History.

H. Special Agencies and Commissions of the OAS. 1. Inter-American Defense Board_.

2. Inter-American Statistical Institute_.

3. Inter-American Nuclear Energy Commission_
4. Special Consultative Committee on Security-

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A. DESCRIPTION OF THE ORGANIZATION OF

AMERICAN STATES

17th and Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C.

Origin and development: The origin of the concept of an InterAmerican organization can be traced to the Treaty of Perpetual Union, League and Confederation, signed in 1826 by delegates of Central and South American countries, meeting at the invitation of Simon Bolivar at the Congress of Panama, Panama City. Although the idea was discussed in several later meetings among Latin American countries, no steps were taken to found an organization until 1890.

On April 14, 1890, 18 nations of the Western Hemisphere, including the United States, attending the First International Conference of American States in Washington, D.C., formed the International Union of American Republics, "for the prompt collection and distribution of commercial information." The Conference established the "Commercial Bureau of the American Republics" in Washington as its permanent representative. In 1910, the Commercial Bureau became the Pan American Union with permanent headquarters in Washington, D.C.

Following World War II, a treaty basis giving permanent form to a new organizational structure for the Union was provided at the Ninth International Conference of American States, held in Bogota, Colombia, when, on April 30, 1948, the 21 American Republics signed the Charter of the Organization of American States. The Charter provided that the Pan American Union continue its functions as General Secretariat of the Organization.

The OAS Charter was revised by a Protocol of Amendments adopted by the Third Special Inter-American Conference at Buenos Aires, Argentina in 1967. The amendments, which entered into force on February 27, 1970, gave emphasis to the development-oriented functions of the Organization, mainly by increasing the status within the OAS of the Inter-American Economic and Social Council and the Inter-American Council for Education, Science and Culture (formerly the Inter-American Cultural Council), which are now responsible directly to an Annual General Assembly. The Assembly, in turn, was established to provide a high-level OAS meeting at least once each year at which, in addition to approval of budget and other administrative matters, issues of importance in hemisphere relations could be discussed. Under the Charter revisions, the Pan American Union became the General Secretariat, and continued as the central permanent organ, headed by the Secretary General responsible to the General Assembly.

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