name or address or name other than his own right, proper or lawful name shall be guilty of a felony, and on conviction shall be punished by imprisonment for not less than one year, nor more than five years, and by a fine of not less than one hundred dollars nor more than two thousand dollars.

§ 3. Any letter, circular, writing or paper, offering or purporting to offer for sale, loan, gift, or distribution or giving, or purporting to give information directly or indirectly, where, how, of whom, or by what means any counterfeit coin, paper money, internal revenue stamp, postage stamp, or token of value, may be obtained or had, or concerning any similar scheme or device to defraud the public, whether such article, matter or thing is called

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'green articles," queer coins,' paper goods,' queer,'

articles," "bills," "business that is not legitimate,' spurious treasury notes," "United States goods,' green paper goods," "green articles," "cigars,” “green segars," or by any other name, device or title of a similar character, shall be deemed presumptive proof of the fraudulent character of such scheme. [AM'D CH. 687 OF 1887.]

CHAPTER IV.

LARCENY, INCLUDING EMBEZZLEMENT, OBTAINING PROPERTY BY FALSE PRETENSES, AND FELONIOUS BREACH OF TRUST.

SEC. 528. Larceny defined.

529. Obtaining money or property by fraudulent draft.
530. Grand larceny n first degree.

531. In second degree.

532. Petit larceny.

533. Grand larceny in first degree, how punished.
534. Id., in second degree.

535. Petit larceny a misdemeanor.

536. Completed and unissued instruments property.
537. Severance f fixture, etc., larceny.

538. Keeping wrecked goods, a misdemeanor.

539. Lost property.

540. Bringing stolen goods into state, larceny.

541. Conversion by trustee, larceny; how punished.
542. Disposition of fine.

543. Remission of fine.

544. Verbal false pretense not larceny.

545. Value of evidence of debt, how ascertained.
546. Id., passenger ticket.

547. Id., of other articles.

548. Claim of title, ground of defense.

549. Intent to restore property.

550. Knowingly receiving.

551. Averment and proof.

§ 528. Larceny defined.-A person who, with the intent to deprive or defraud the true owner of his property, or of the use and benefit thereof, or to appropriate the same to the use of the taker, or of any other person, either

1. Takes from the possession of the true owner, or of any other person; or obtains from such possession by color or aid of fraudulent or false representation or pretense, or of any false token or writing; or secretes, withholds, or appropriates to his own use, or that of any person other than the true owner, any money, personal property, thing in action, evidence of debt or contract, or article of valuc of any kind; or

2. Having in his possession, custody, or control, as a bailee, servant, attorney, agent, clerk, trustee, or officer of any person, association, or corporation, or as a public officer, or as a person authorized by agreement, or by competent authority, to hold or take such possession, custody, or control, any money, property, evidence

of debt or contract, article of value of any nature, or thing in action or possession, appropriates the same to his own use, or that of any other person other than the true owner or person entitled to the benefit thereof;

Evi

Steals such property, and is guilty of larceny. Sub. 1. Larceny. Must be lucri causa. 2 N. Y. Cr., 32. dence. Peo. v. Wiggins, 1 id., 290, 296; Peo. v. Baker, 2 id., 218; York v. Peo., ib., 263. When taking not larceny. Peo. v. Devine, 20 Hun, 98. Entry on premises and taking property of another, no larceny in absence of intent; it is a mere trespass. McCourt v. Peo., 64 N. Y., 583; Collins v. Ralli, 20 Hun., 246; Peo. v. Burton, 1 N. Y. Cr., 297. Larceny may be laid in any county where goods brought by offender. Hoskins v. Peo., 16 N. Y., 344; Paine's case, 1 C.H. Rec., 64. Larceny not merged in burglary. Peo.v Smith, 57 Bar., 46. Felonious intent at time of taking necessary. Jeffer's case, 1 C.H. Rec.,83; Stone's case, 2 ib.,157; Crocheron's case, 6 ib., 62; Hadley's casc, 5 ib., 8; Hisrot's case, id, 137; Wilson v. Peo., 39 N. Y., 450. Felonious removal without carrying away sufficient. Tobias's case, 1 C. H. Rec., 30; Scott's case, 5 ĭb., 169. Must be an asportation. Philip's case, 4 C. H. Rec., 177. What constitutes asportation. State v Wisdom, S Porter, 511; State v. Jones, 65 N. C., 395; State. v. Wilkerson, 72 N. C., 376. Slight removal sufficient. Harrison v. Peo., 50 N. Y., 513, State v. Wason, Coxe, 439; State v. Jackson, 65 N. C., 305; Eckels v. State, 20 Chio N. S., 508; Com. v. Luck's, 09 Mass., 431; State v. Gazell, 20 Mo., 92. Wife's clothes, larceny of in elopement. Peo. . Schuyler, 6 Cow., 572; Peo. v. Cole, 43 N. Y., 508`; Reg. v. Flatman, 21 Alb. L. J., 401, 418. Counselling apprentice who steals, both guilty as principals. Peo. v. Sheahan, 1 Wh. Cr. C., 226 Stealing from thief. Ward v. Peo., 3 Hill,395; S.C., 6 ib.,144. Subjects of larceny. Dogs. Peo v. Campbell, 4 Park., 386; Mullaly v. Peo., 86 N. Y., 365. Peo. v. Maloney, 1 ib., 593. Ice. Ward v. Peo., supra. Note. Peo. v. Call, 1 Den., 120. Note payable in specific articles. Peo. v. Bradley, 4 Park. ,245; see 1 Sheld., 586. Unissued bank bills, Peo. v. Wiley, 3 Hill, 194. Foreign bank-notes. Peo. v. Jackson. 8 Bar., 637. Certificates of stock. Peo. v. Griffin, 38 How. Pr., 475. See Poultry and Eggs. Com. v. Beeman, S Gray, 497. Animals ferae naturae, not. Norton v. Ladd, 5 N. H, 23. Except when confined or killed. State v. House, 65 N. C., 315. Doves. Com. v. Chace, 9 Rich., 15. Gas. Com. v Shaw, 4 Allen, 308; Peo. v. Caryl, 12 Wend., 547. Johnson v. Peo., 4 Den., 361; Peo. v. Loomis, ib., 380; Low v. Peo, 2 Park, 387; Peo v. Bradley, ib., 245; Payne v. Peo, 6 Johns., 103. Taking defined. Tobia's case, 1 C. H. Rec., 30; McDowell's case, 4 ib., 177; S. C., 5 id, 94; Scott's case, id., 169. Intent. Ellis v. Peo., 21 How. Pr., 356. Must have a value. Payne v. Peo. 6 Johns., 103. Bees. State v. Murphy, 5 Blackf., 498. Not subjects of larceny, Chose in Action, Linnenden's case. 1 C. II. Rec., 30; undrawn lottery tickets; Healy's case, 4 ib., 36; letters; Payne v. Peo., 6 Johns., 103; receipts; Peo. v. Bradley, 4 Park., 245; Peo. v. Griffin, 38 How. Pr., 475; Pco. v. Loomis, 4 Den., 380. Attempt to steal when complete. State v. Wilson, 30 Comp., 500. Trick. Smith v. Peo., 53 N. Y., 111; Weyman v. Peo., 6 Lans., 696; State v. Deal, 64 N. C., 270; Defres v. State, 3 Heisk., 53. By agent. Peo. v. McMurray, 1 Sheld., 563; State v. McCarty, 17 Minn., 76. Taking goods by owner Palmer v. Peo. 10 Wend., 166; Peo. v Thompson, 34 Cal., 671; Peo. v. Stone, 16 ib., 369; Com.v Greene 111 Mass., 392. Joint owner. Kinsey v. Fike, 29 Ala., 206

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Accepting payment by mistake. Wolfstein v. Stein, 6 Hun, 121. Artifice. Weyman v. Peo, 4 Hun, 5/1; S. C., 62 N. Y., 623. Macino v. Peo., 12 Hun, 127. Fraudulent conspiracy. Loomis v. Peo., 67 N. Y., 322 Taking to apply on debt, larceny. Com v. Stebbins, 8 Gray, 492. Intent to destroy. State v. Hawkins, 8 Porter, 461. Com v. Weld, Thach, C C., 157. For to receive reward, larceny. Com v. Mason, 105 Mass., 163. Unknown owner. State v. Bell, 65 N C. 313. Hiring, with felonious intent to convert, larceny. Brannan's Case, 1 C. H., Rec. 50. Changing money. Hildebrand v. Peo 56 N. Y., 134; 1 Hun., 19. Concealment with intent to convert. after lawful possession, larceny: Peo. v. McGarren, 17 Wend., 460. Appropriation by finder of lost article, no larceny: Peo. v. Anderson, 14 Johns, 291. Except owner is known. Peo. Swan, 1 Park, 9; Peo. v. Cogdell, 1 Hill, 94. Straying cattle Peo. v. Kaatz, 3 Park, 129. Appropriation by carrier of freight • Nichols v. Peo., 17 N. Y., 114. Felonious appropriation of lost cargo, master having power to regain possession, larceny: Day ton's case: 2 C. H., Rec., 154. Servant sending goods to auction, intending to appropriate proceeds, larceny: Langley's case, C. H., Rec., 159. See Peo. v. Wood, 2 Park, 22. Fraudulent pur. chase, not larceny. Mourey v. Walsh, 8 Cow., 238; Ross v. Peo., 5 Hill, 294. See Andrew v. Dieterich, 14 Wend, 31. Securing by trick, owner intending to retain title, is larceny: Smith v. Peo., 53 N. Y.. 111; Peo. v. Jackson, 3 Park, 590. When may be con victed without having possession: Peo. v. McMurray, 4 Park, 234; Wixson v. Peo., 5 ib. 119; Peo. v. McDonald, 43 N. Y., 61. Pretended purchase, with felonious intent, larceny: O'Terre's case, 3 C. H., Rec., 154; Valentine's case, 4 ib., 33; Bow en's case Ibid. 46, Peo. v. Curtis, 1 Wh. Cr. C. 536, St., Valerie v Peo., 61, Barb., 426. Owners' permission when no defense. Sandees v. State, 21 Alb., L. J., 196. False pretenses; two things must concur, false statement and reliance therein. Peo. v. Tompkins, 1 Park., 224; Peo. v. Miller, 2 ib., 197. Kelly v. Peo., 6 Hun, 509. Post dated check. Lesser 3. Peo., 12 Hun, 663; S. C., 73 N. Y., 78; Foote v. Peo., 17 Hun, 218. Mortgage. Peo v. Sully, 1 Sheld., 17. Actual loss need not follow, id. Representation must be calculated to mislead. Peo. v. Williams, 4 Hill, 9; Peo. v. Stetson, 4 Barb., 151; Peo. v. Sully, 5 Park., 152; Peo v. Wood, 10 N. Y., Leg. Obs., G1. Over-drawing bank account does not constitute. Allen's case, 3 C. H. Rec., 118; Stuyvesant's case, 4 ib., 156. Nor where custody of goods has never actually changed. Ring's case, 1 C. H. Rec., 7. What constitutes. Stone's case, 2 C. H. Rec., 2; Mott's case, ib., 155; Valentine's case, 4 ib., 33; Collin's case, ib., 143; Smith's case, ib., 180; Peo. v. Dalton, 2 Wh. Cr. C., 161; Peo. v. Haynes, 11 Wend., 557; Peo. v. Herrick, 13 ib., 87; Thomas v. Peo., 31 N. Y., 351; Peo. v. Cooke, 6 Park., 131. Com. v. Stevenson, 21 Alb. L. J., 516. Bill of lading. Lazarus' case, 1 C. H. Rec., 89. Ownership of property. Peo. v. Kendall, 25 Wend., 399. Agency. Peo. v. Johnson, 12 Johns., 292; Heath's case, 1 C. H. Rec., 116. Bill of exchange. DaCosta's case, 1 C. II. Rec., 33. Insurance Peo. v. Byrd, 1 Wh. Cr. C., 242. Check. Smith v. Peo., 47 N. Y., 303. First mortgage. Peo. v. Sully, 5 Park., 142. Sale of personal property. Peo. v. Crissie, 4 Den., 525. Charitable donation. Peo. v. Clough, 17 Wend., 351. Payment of just debt, procured by. Peo. v. Thomas, 3 Hill, 169; Peo. v Smith, 5 Park., 490. Indorsement obtained by. Peo. v. Stone, 9 Wend.,

182; Peo.. Chapman, 4 Park., 55. Signature to note. Peo. v. Herrick, 13 wend, 87. Goods must be actually obtained by. Lucie's case, 1 C. H. Rec., 140; Davis's case, 4 ib., 61; Collins's case, supra; Peo. v. Dalton, supra. Must be made as to something then in existence. Conger's case, 4 C. II. Rec., 65. Peo. v. Tompkins, 1 Park, 224; State v Magee, 11 Ind, 154; Dillingham v. State, Ohio (N. S.,) 280. Need not be sole inducement, if they materially affect. Peo. v. Herrick, supra. Property must have been given for an honest purpose. Cord v Peo., 48 N.Y., 470; Peo. ". Stetson, sup. State Courts have jurisdiction of false pretenses, although punishable under bankrupt law. Abbott v. Peo., 15 Hun., 437. Where triable. Peo. v. Sully, supra. Minor responsible for false pretences. Peo. v. Kendall, 25 Wend, 399. Where party has means of information. Com. v. Drew, 19 Pick, 179. Id., Past event. State v. Evers, 49 Mo., 542; Dillingham v. State, 5 Ohio, N. S. 280; Johnson v. State, 41 Texas 65; State v. Magee, 11 Ind., 154. Id., Inducement. Scott v. Peo., 62 Bar., 62; State v. Thacher, 35 N. J. 445. Assertion must be of existing fact. Influence. Peo. v. Crissie, 1 Den., 525; Peo. v. Haynes, 11 Wend., 557; Peo. v. Horrick, 13 ib., 87; Ranney v. Peo., 22 N. Y., 413. See Zink v. Peo., 77 N. Y., 114. Sale of horse. Watson v. Peo., 26 Hun, 76, 87 N.Y., 561. Misreading deed. Webster v. Peo., 92 N. Y., 422. Pretense must be of fact, not intention. Peo. v. Blanchard, 90 N. Y., 314. Influence. Therassen v. Peo., 82 N. Y., 238. Making change. Ct. S. S. v. Peo, 90 N. Y., 12. False lottery. Peo. v. Tweed, 1 N. Y., Cr., 97. Constructive presence. McCamey v. Peo., 83 N. Y., 408.

Sub. 2. Public officer. Peo. v. Gchet, 19 Hun, 91; Coats v. Peo., 22 N. Y., 245; Bork v. Peo, 91 N. Y., 5; Willis v Peo., 19 Hun, 84. Bank cashier. Barton v. Peo., 78 N. Y.,377. Stage driver. Peo. v. Sherman, 10 Wend., 298. Wrongful conversion of materials by tradesmen, does not constitute. Peo. v. Burr, 41 How, Pr., 293. Sealed letter containing money. Peo. v. Dalton, 15 Wend., 581. By partner. Weeks v. Lowerre, 19 Law Rep., 448. Compromise does not bar prosecution. Fagan v. Knox, 66 N. Y., 525. By clerk. Peo. v Henessy, 15 Wend., 147. Milligan's case, 6 C. H. Rec., 69. See Peo. v. Howe, 2 T. and C., 383. Mingling funds. Com. v Butterick, 100 Mass., 1; Com. v. Tuckeman, 10 Gray, 173; Com. v. Mason, 105 Mass., 163; Cum. v. Foster, 107 ib., 221; Ross v: Innis, 35 Ill., 487. False claim against municipality. Peo. v. O. and T. of N. Y., 83 N. Y., 436. Draft on State funds and indictment. Peo. v. Phelps, 49 How. Pr., 437, 72 N. Y., 334.

§ 529. Obtaining money or property by fraud■lent draft.-A person who willfully, with intent to defraud, by color or aid of a cheque or draft, or order for the payment of money or the delivery of property, when such person knows that the drawer or maker thereof is not entitled to draw on the drawee for the sum specified therein, or to order the payment of the amount, or delivery of the property, although no express representation is made in reference thereto, obtains from another any money or property, is guilty of stealing the same and punishable accordingly.

See § 569, post. DaCosta's Case, 1 C. H. Rec. 83. Allin's Case, 3 Ib. 118. Smith v. Peo 47 N. Y. 303. Lesser v. Peo. 12 Hun, 670. Rex v. Jackson, 3 Camp. 370. Rex v. Parker, 7 Car. & P.

825.