necessary to maintain public order, and to insure the receipt of the state

revenues.

The high contracting parties bind themselves to respect the principle of neutrality provided for in the present article.

ARTICLE 3.

As a necessary consequence of the neutrality which the United States of the Ionian Islands are thus called upon to enjoy, the fortifications constructed in the Island of Corfu and in its immediate dependencies, being purposeless henceforth, shall be demolished, and their destruction shall be accomplished before the withdrawal of the troops employed by Great Britain to occupy these islands in its character of protecting power. This destruction shall be performed in the manner which Her Majesty the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland shall deem sufficient to fulfill the intentions of the high contracting parties.1

Treaty between Great Britain, France and Russia, on the one part, and Greece on the other, March 29, 1864.

ARTICLE 2.

The courts of Great Britain, France and Russia, in their character of guaranteeing powers for Greece, declare, with the consent of the courts of Austria and Prussia, that the islands of Corfu and Paxo, as well as their dependencies, after their union with the Kingdom of Greece, shal! enjoy the advantages of perpetual neutrality.

His majesty the king of the Greeks, binds himself on his part, to maintain this neutrality.

1 This provision was modified in the treaty finally entered into with Greece as the quotation following shows.

TREATY RELATIVE TO THE NEUTRALIZATION OF THE GRAND DUCHY OF

LUXEMBURG.

May 11, 1867.

In the name of the most holy and-indivisible trinity.

His majesty, the King of the Netherlands, grand duke of Luxemburg, taking into consideration the change produced in the situation of the Grand Duchy in consequence of the dissolution of the ties by which it was attached to the late Germanic Confederation, has invited their majesties the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, the Emperor of Austria, the King of the Belgians, the Emperor of the French, the King of Prussia, and the Emperor of all the Russias, to assemble their representatives in conference at London, in order to come to an understanding, with the plenipotentiaries of his majesty, the King Grand Duke, as to the new arrangements to be made in the general interests of peace.

And their said majesties, after having accepted that invitation, have resolved, by common consent, to respond to the desire manifested by his majesty the King of Italy to take part in a deliberation destined to offer a new pledge of security for the maintenance of the general tranquility.

In consequence, their majesties, in concert with his majesty the King of Italy, wishing to conclude a treaty with a view to that object, have named as their plenipotentiaries, that is to say:

(Here follow the names.)

Who, after having exchanged their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon the following articles:

ARTICLE 1.

His Majesty the King of the Netherlands, grand duke of Luxemburg, maintains the ties which attach the said Grand Duchy to the house of Orange-Nassau, in virtue of the treaties which placed that state under the sovereignty of the King Grand Duke, his descendants and successors.

The rights which the agnates of the house of Nassau possess with regard to the succession of the Grand Duchy, in virtue of the same treaties, are maintained.

The high contracting parties accept the present declaration, and place it upon record.

ARTICLE 2.

The Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, within the limits determined by the act annexed to the treaties of the 19th of April, 1839, under the guarantee of the courts of Great Britain, Austria, France, Prussia, and Russia, shall henceforth form a perpetually neutral state.

It shall be bound to observe the same neutrality towards all other states.

The high contracting parties engage to respect the principle of neutrality stipulated by the present article.

That principle is and remains placed under the sanction of the collective guarantee of the powers signing parties to the present treaty, with the exception of Belgium, which is itself a neutral state.

ARTICLE 3.

The Grand Duchy of Luxemburg being neutralized, according to the terms of the preceding article, the maintenance or establishment of fortresses upon its territory becomes without necessity as well as without object.

In consequence, it is agreed by common consent that the city of Luxemburg, considered in time past, in a military point of view, as a federal fortress, shall cease to be a fortified city.

His majesty the King Grand Duke reserves to himself to maintain in that city the number of troops necessary to provide in it for the maintenance of good order.

ARTICLE 4.

In conformity with the stipulations contained in articles 2 and 3, his majesty the King of Prussia declares that his troops actually in garrison in the fortress of Luxemburg shall receive orders to proceed to the evacuation of that place immediately after the exchange of the ratifications of the present treaty. The withdrawal of the artillery, munitions, and every object which forms part of the equipment of the said fortress shall commence simultaneously. During that operation there shall remain in it no more than the number of troops necessary to provide for the safety of the material of war, and to effect the dispatch thereof, which shall be completed within the shortest time possible.

ARTICLE 5.

His majesty the King Grand Duke, in virtue of the rights of sovereignty which he exercises over the city and fortress of Luxemburg,

engages, on his part, to take the necessary measures for converting the said fortress into an open city by means of a demolition which his majesty shall deem sufficient to fulfil the intentions of the high contracting parties expressed in article 3 of the present treaty. The works requisite for that purpose shall be commenced immediately after the withdrawal of the garrison. They shall be carried out with all the attention required for the interests of the inhabitants of the city.

His majesty the King Grand Duke promises, moreover, that the fortifications of the city of Luxemburg shall not be restored in future, and that no military establishment shall be there maintained or created.

ARTICLE 6.

The powers signing parties to the present treaty recognize that the dissolution of the Germanic Confederation having equally produced the dissolution of the ties which united the Duchy of Limburg, collectively with the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, to the said confederation, it results therefrom that the relations, of which mention is made in articles 3, 4, and 5 of the treaty of the 19th of April, 1839, between the Grand Duchy and certain territories belonging to the Duchy of Limburg, have ceased to exist, the said territories continuing to form an integral part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.

ARTICLE 7.

The present treaty shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at London within the space of four weeks, or sooner if possible. In witness whereof the respective plenipotentiaries have signed the

same, and have affixed thereto the seal of their arms.

Done at London, the eleventh day of May, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-seven.

TREATY BETWEEN ARGENTINE REPUBLIC AND CHILE, ESTABLISHING THE NEUTRALITY OF STRAITS OF MAGELLAN.

Signed July 23, 1881.

In the name of Almighty God!

The governments of the Chilean and Argentine Republics, wishing to solve in a friendly and dignified spirit the boundary question which has existed between the two countries, and in fulfilment of article 39 of the treaty of April, 1856, have resolved to conclude a boundary treaty, and for that purpose have named two plenipotentiaries, namely: By his Excellency the President of the Republic of Chile, Don Francisco B. de Echeverria, consul-general for that Republic; and

By His Excellency the President of the Argentine Republic, Dr. Don Bernardo de Irigoyen, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs;

Who, after exhibiting their full powers, and finding them sufficient, have agreed to the following articles:

ARTICLE 1. The limit between Chile and the Argentine Republic is the Cordillera of the Andes from the north to latitude 52° south. The frontier-line shall follow the crest of the Cordillera, which divides the waters, and will pass between the sources thereof on either side. Any doubts due to the existence of valleys formed by the forking of the Andes, where the line dividing the waters is not clearly determined, shall be amicably settled by two experts, one named by either side. In case of disagreement a third expert, named by both, shall be called upon to decide. A copy, in duplicate, embodying their operations, shall be signed by the two experts, and by the third in those cases where his decision has been called for. This act shall take full effect from the time it is written, and shall be considered valid and binding without further formality or procedure. A copy shall be forwarded to each government.

ARTICLE 2. In the south part of the continent, and to the north of the Straits of Magellan, the limit between the two countries shall be a line leaving Dungeness Point, passing overland westward by the highest points of the chain of hills to the summit of Mount Aymond. Thence the line will continue to the intersection of the meridian 70° west (Greenwich) with 52° south latitude, and thence westward along that parallel as far as the divortia aquarum of the Andes. The territory north of the above line shall belong to the Argentine Republic,