Impact of Deregulation on the Air Transportation Marketing System: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Antitrust and Restraint of Trade Activities Affecting Small Business of the Committee on Small Business, House of Represnetatives, Ninety-eighth Congress, First Session, Washington, D.C., May 24, 1983U.S. Government Printing Office, 1983 - Počet stran: 359 |
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accredited agents agency locations agency system air carriers air travel Airline Deregulation Act airline tickets alternatives amended American Express anticompetitive antitrust immunity antitrust laws applicant appointed approved Area Settlement Plan argue argument ARTA ASTA ATC Agency ATC and IATA ATC Resolution 90.3 BILIRAKIS Board Board's decision British Airways BTD's business travel departments cargo agents Chairman Civil Aeronautics Board commission common accreditation compensation compete competitive marketing concluded consumer corporate costs courts December 31 default deregulation disapproved distribution system economic effect efficiencies eliminated exclusivity provisions fares filed IATA programs IATA's in-plant individual carrier interline agreements issue Judge Yoder LUKEN MACCHIA marketplace MCKINNON non-accredited non-agent non-conference NPTA operation outlets participation parties percent persons preclude public benefits public interest reason restraints retailers rules section 412 sell Sherman Act small business standards substantial ticket stock Ticketron tion traffic travel agents trip WEBER
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Strana 31 - The Sherman Act was designed to be a comprehensive charter of economic liberty aimed at preserving free and unfettered competition as the rule of trade. It rests on the premise that the unrestrained interaction of competitive forces will yield the best allocation of our economic resources, the lowest prices, the highest quality and the greatest material progress, while at the same time providing an environment conducive to the preservation of our democratic, political and social institutions.
Strana 29 - The Board shall by order disapprove any such contract or agreement, whether or not previously approved by it, that it finds to be adverse to the public interest, or In violation of this Act, and shall by order approve any such contract or agreement, or any modification or cancellation thereof, that it does not find to be adverse to the public interest, or in violation of this Act...
Strana 29 - agreement" in this section includes understandings, conferences, and other arrangements. The board may by order disapprove, cancel, or modify any agreement, or any modification or cancellation thereof, whether or not previously approved by it, that it finds to be unjustly discriminatory or unfair as between carriers, shippers, exporters, importers, or ports, or between exporters from the United States and their foreign competitors, or to operate to the detriment of the commerce of the United States,...
Strana 171 - ... substantially reduces or eliminates competition, unless it finds that the contract, agreement, or request is necessary to meet a serious transportation need or to secure important public benefits...
Strana 31 - The encouragement, development, and maintenance of an air transportation system relying on actual and potential competition to provide efficiency, innovation, and low prices, and to determine the variety, quality, and price of air transportation services.
Strana 125 - antitrust laws" has the meaning given it in subsection (a) of the first section of the Clayton Act (15 USC 12(a)), except that such term includes the Act of June 19, 1936 (49 Stat.
Strana 29 - ... is necessary to meet a serious transportation need or to secure important public benefits, including international comity or foreign policy considerations, and it does not find that such need can be met or such benefits can be secured by reasonably available alternative means having materially less anticompetitive effects...
Strana 31 - The heart of our national economic policy long has been faith in the value of competition. In the Sherman and Clayton Acts, as well as in the Robinson-Patman Act, "Congress was dealing with competition, which it sought to protect, and monopoly, which it sought to prevent.
Strana 169 - The placement of maximum reliance on competitive market forces and on actual and potential competition (A) to provide the needed air transportation system, and (B) to encourage efficient and well-managed carriers to earn adequate profits and to attract capital.
Strana 10 - ... procedural safeguards, and served air carrier Interests In expanding the number of sales outlets. Because the existing sales network offers competitive advantages, there are sufficient reasons not to discard the legacy of regulation. Our review of the record 1n this proceeding has led us to conclude that the forces of competition can be brought to bear on the marketing Industry by eliminating those provisions that prevent air carriers from using and compensating persons other than agents accredited...