Opinion of the Court.

With regard to the objection that the statute under which these bonds were issued contravenes the state constitution, it is enough to refer to the case of Odd Fellows' Bank v. Quillen, 11 Nevada, 109, in which the Supreme Court of the State held the act valid; following in that decision the case of Youngs v. Hall, 9 Nevada, 212.

It is further objected that the complaint was defective in not showing that the bonds and coupons had been presented to the county commissioners and county auditor for allowance and approval, as provided by sections 1950 and 1964-5-6 of the General Statutes of the State. Those sections, referring to claims and accounts, have application only to unliquidated claims and accounts, and do not apply to bonds and coupons. This question was presented in the case of County of Greene v. Daniel, 102 U. S. 187, 194, in which the court observed, speaking of bonds and coupons, that "the claim was, to all intents and purposes, audited by the court when the bonds were issued. The validity and amount of the liability were then definitely fixed, and warrants on the treasury given, payable at a future day."

The remaining question arises on the statute of limitations. By the general limitation law of the State, some of the coupons were barred; but there has been this special legislation in reference to these coupons. The bonds were issued under the funding act of 1873. In 1877 the county was delinquent in its interest, and the legislature passed an act amendatory to the act of 1873. This amendatory act provided for the registering of overdue coupons, and imposed upon the treasurer the duty of thereafter paying the coupons as money came into his possession applicable thereto, in the order of their registration. Statutes of Nevada, 1877, 46.

The coupons, which by the general limitation law would have been barred, were presented, as they fell due, to the treasurer for payment, and payment demanded and refused, because the interest fund was exhausted. Thereupon the treasurer registered them as presented, in accordance with the act of 1877, and from the time of their registration to the commencement of this suit there was no money in the treasury appli

Opinion of the Court.

cable to their payment. This act, providing for registration and for payment in a particular order, was a new provision for the payment of these bonds, which was accepted by the creditor, and created a new right upon which he might rely. It provided, as it were, a special trust fund, to which the coupon holder might, in the order of registration, look for payment, and for payment through which he might safely wait. It amounted to a promise on the part of the county to pay such coupons as were registered, in the order of their registration, as fast as money came into the interest fund; and such promise was by the creditor accepted; and when payment is provided for out of a particular fund to be created by the act of the debtor, he cannot plead the statute of limitations until he shows that that fund has been provided.

The cases of Underhill v. Sonora, 17 California, 173, and Freehill v. Chamberlain, 65 California, 603, are in point. In the former case, the court observes that "the legislative acts then recognized the debt and made provision for its payment. This is enough to withdraw the case from the operation of the statute; it is equivalent to a trust deed by the State setting apart property out of which the money due was to be paid at a given time, if not sooner paid upon a claim acknowledged to be an outstanding debt; and we cannot conceive of any principle of law or justice which would hold the claim to be barred by the statute simply because the creditor waited after this for his money." In the other case it was held that "where a statute provides for the issuing of bonds of a city with interest coupons payable as fast as money should come into the treasury from special sources designated by the act, the statute of limitations does not commence to run against the coupons until the money is received in the treasury in accordance with the terms of the act."

Both of these decisions were rendered before the act of 1877 was passed, and, being in an adjoining State which has always had close relations with the State of Nevada, may well have induced the passage of that act.

These are all the questions presented. We see no error in the rulings in the Circuit Court, and its judgment is therefore

Affirmed.

Statement of the Case.

LINCOLN COUNTY v. SUTRO, No. 1275. LINCOLN COUNTY V. VINCENT, No. 1276. Error to the Circuit Court of the United States for the District of Nevada. These cases are similar, and the same judgment will therefore be entered in them.

Mr. H. F. Bartine for plaintiffs in error.

Mr. Abraham Clark Freeman for defendants in error.

FOGG v. BLAIR.

APPEAL FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE EASTERN DISTRICT OF MISSOURI.

No. 188. Argued January 24, 27, 1890. -Decided March 3, 1890.

A liquidated claim against a railroad company, not converted into a judgment, which another railroad company, purchasing its road and property, agrees with the selling company to assume and pay as part of the consideration, does not thereby become a lien upon the property so as to take priority over the lien of a mortgage made by the purchasing company to secure an issue of bonds.

On the 16th of February, 1867, the St. Louis and Keokuk Railroad Company was incorporated by the legislature of Missouri to construct and operate a railroad from some suitable point on the North Missouri Railroad, not exceeding thirty miles west of St. Charles, in St. Charles County, to some point near the mouth of the Des Moines River, on the northern boundary of the State. Under its charter the company located its road between the points designated and constructed a portion of it and graded other portions, and in this work expended several hundred thousand dollars.

The appellant, Josiah Fogg, held a demand against this company for work and advances on its account, and on the 22d of September, 1870, an adjustment and settlement of the amount was had between them; and it was found that the company was indebted to him in the sum of $9547.75.

Afterwards, on the 13th of June, 1872, a corporation known

Statement of the Case.

as the St. Paul, Hannibal and Keokuk Railroad Company was formed under the general law of Missouri, to construct and operate a railroad with one or more tracks, from the city of St. Louis to a point near the northeast corner of the State opposite to Keokuk in Iowa, with a branch, in Lincoln County, to its coal fields, from a point near Troy, and a branch up the valley of Mill Creek, from a point where the line crosses the creek.

To this new corporation the old corporation, upon the request and direction of the holders and owners of a majority of its stock, on the 4th of March, 1873, sold and transferred its entire road and all the branches, buildings, machinery and appurte nances belonging to or connected with it.

In consideration of the transfer, the new corporation, that is, the St. Louis, Hannibal and Keokuk Railroad Company, among other things agreed to assume, pay and satisfy all the debts and liabilities incurred by the first company or legally imposed upon it, for right of way, station grounds, ties and bridging, and also to perform various contracts of that company which are specially mentioned. The new corporation was composed principally of the same persons and the same officers as the old corporation, and among the contracts assumed was one with the Missouri and Iowa Construction Company for building the road, and it stipulated that in payment of this work bonds of the company should be issued secured by a first mortgage on its property.

Pursuant to this contract, the new company, on the 1st of October, 1872, executed to Dewitt C. Blair of New Jersey, and Clarence C. Mitchell of New York, a mortgage or deed of trust of its railroad, then constructed or that might thereafter be constructed, with its right of way, buildings and appurtenances then existing or which might afterwards be acquired, its rolling stock and machinery of every kind, and all its franchises and property, to secure bonds of the company issued on that day, in sums of $1000 each, to the amount of $4,200,000.

Afterwards this mortgage was taken up and cancelled, and on the 1st of August, 1877, a new mortgage or deed of trust was executed by the company to Dewitt C. Blair, of all its property situated between the cities of St. Louis and Hannibal

Statement of the Case.

in Missouri, and its franchises, to secure the payment of its bonds issued of that date, amounting to $1,680,000. The interest was not paid upon these bonds, and the trustee, on the 6th of February, 1884, commenced a suit in the Circuit Court of the United States for the Eastern District of Missouri, to foreclose the mortgage and sell the property. The bill not only made the mortgagor a party defendant, but also certain persons named, of whom Josiah Fogg was one, representing that they claimed to have liens, as judgment creditors, incumbrancers, or otherwise, upon the mortgaged premises, but alleging that their interest, if any, accrued subsequently to the lien of the mortgage and was subordinate thereto.

As mentioned above, on the 22d of September, 1870, Josiah Fogg had a settlement with the St. Louis and Keokuk Railroad Company, by which the amount due him by the company on that date was agreed to be $9547.75. For this amount and interest he brought suit in the Circuit Court of the United States in April, 1881, and on the 3d day of October, 1882, he recovered judgment for $16,439.63. Execution issued thereon having been returned unsatisfied, in May, 1883, he brought suit, on the equity side of the court, against the St. Louis, Hannibal and Keokuk Railroad Company to have that judg ment declared a lien upon its property and to compel that company to pay the judgment, and to enjoin it from selling or incumbering its property until such payment was made. The suit was brought against both the old and new company, and resulted in a decree entered on the 5th of May, 1884, adjudging that the two companies were liable jointly and severally for the judgment and interest, which amounted then to $18,365.11, the payment of which was decreed against them. The judgment was not declared to be a lien upon the property of the company, nor was the use or disposition of its property enjoined.

To the suit for the foreclosure of the mortgage brought by Dewitt C. Blair, trustee, Josiah Fogg appeared and answered the bill, and also filed a cross-bill. By his cross-bill he sought to obtain priority for his judgment over the demands of the trustee, acting for and representing the bondholders. He set