American Association for International Conciliation.
Entered as second-class matter at Greenwich, Conn.,
Post office, July 3, 1920, under Act of August 24, 1912.

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR INTERNATIONAL CONCILIATION
EDITORIAL OFFICE: 407 WEST 117TH STREET, NEW YORK CITY
PUBLICATION OFFICE: GREENWICH, CONN.

It is the aim of the Association for International Conciliation to awaken interest and to seek cooperation in the movement to promote international good will. This movement depends for its ultimate success upon increased international understanding, appreciation, and sympathy. To this end, documents are printed and widely circulated, giving information as to the progress of the movement and as to matters connected therewith, in order that individual citizens, the newspaper press, and organizations of various kinds may have accurate information on these subjects readily available.

The Association endeavors to avoid, as far as possible, contentious questions, and in particular questions relating to the domestic policy of any given nation. Attention is to be fixed rather upon those underlying principles of international law, international conduct, and international organization, which must be agreed upon and enforced by all nations if peaceful civilization is to continue and to be advanced. A list of publications will be found on page 42.

Subscription rate: twenty-five cents for one year, or one dollar for five years.

CONTENTS

I. INTRODUCTION

II. COMMEMORative Address, by M. Millerand

III. THE WORK OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC: FOREIGN

POLICY 1870-1920, by Auguste Gauvin

IV. THE THIRD REPUBLIC AND THE NATIONAL DE-

FENSE, by Adrien Lannes de Montebello

V. SOCIAL LEGISLATION, by André Liesse

VI. FRENCH LITERATURE, by André Chaumeix

5

8

17

22

30

37

THE FIFTIETH ANNIVERSARY OF THE

FRENCH REPUBLIC

I

INTRODUCTION

Editorial from Journal des Débats 1

The celebration of November 11 brings to a fitting close the series of ceremonies which, for the last two years, have signalized the victory of justice. At the same time it commemorates the fiftieth anniversary of the régime which, after receiving at the fall of the Empire the heritage of a defeated and dismembered France, has had the honor to lead the sorely wounded nation back to strength and to establish it again in the high place earned by its past history and services to humanity. On the day when an unknown soldier symbolizes the anonymous heroism of the nation, no one can doubt that the restoration of France is due above all to her own efforts. M. Millerand, in his epoch-making address at the Panthéon, misunderstood neither the weaknesses nor the faults that have at times hindered the progress of the Republic towards the supreme goal where she has at last arrived. But a universal and invincible determination has dominated and guided everything toward better paths. There is not a Frenchman, either statesman or man of the people, who has not preserved at the bottom of his heart the will-at times obscured but always firm-to accomplish his patriotic duty.

Certainly no one dreamed of resorting to war to regain the lost provinces. None of those who have governed France from Thiers to Poincaré would have been willing to assume the responsibility of a resort to force to efface the wrongs inflicted by force. M. Millerand recalls that "immanent justice has decreed that the war, as a result of which just reparation should come, should be initiated by the very 1 Translated from Journal des Débats, November 19, 1920.