to rob surgical operations of their terrors. Sims had not then announced to the world his operation and instrument which were to revolutionize gynecology. Antisepsis was unknown. Yellow fever claimed thousands of victims. The works of Pasteur, Koch, Roux and Behring giving serumtherapy; Roentgen's X-Rays, and a host of others, too unmerous to mention, but whose names deserve a high place in the temple of fame, as benefactors of mankind, have all come to us in the last fifty years.

This paper is not intended to review the progress of medicine during the last half century. This has been done by abler pens than mine; and, besides, I have not yet reached the retrospective age. There is no such thing as rest in nature; neither is there in medicine. We must progress or retrogress.

Many new fields have opened up since our organization, and the question is, into which shall we enter?

In none have the changes been more rapid than in pathology and bacteriology. They are entirely new to those who graduated a decade or more ago. Then the microscope was regarded as a luxury, for which ambitious medical students should pay extra. Now, I know of no college that does not require a course in histology and many a course in bacteriology of all candidates for the M.D. degree. The microscope in experienced hands is a wonderful aid to clinical medicine and accurate diagnosing, and has done much to place it on scientific basis. If, by any means, our Association can aid us in accurate diagnosing, "it is a consummation devoutly to be wished," and will certainly "encourage a high standard of professional qualifications."

NEW OFFICER NEEDED.

I now suggest as a means to accomplish this end, we add a new officer to our list, to be known as "Pathologist and

Bacteriologist to the Medical Association of Georgia." This officer to be appointed by the president, subject to the approval of the board of censors; that the Association furnish him with a laboratory here in Macon, in connection with the Macon Hospital, and in consideration of the fact that we equip the laboratory, he is to work for members of the Association at reduced rates.

Some may ask why Macon should be favored with a permanent officer of such importance. For three good reasons; which, when stated, none can gainsay:

1st. It is centrally located; it is truly named the Central City.

2d. Macon is the cradle of our Association, and meetings here are always largely attended.

3d. Macon has no medical college, and the Association could not be accused of partiality to any college in locating our laboratory here.

Consider for a moment what a great help such an officer would be to the busy practitioner. How many of us, after removing a neoplasm, have the time to harden, set, cut, stain and mount a specimen in order to determine whether it is sarcoma, carcinoma, or epithelioma; and yet without this knowledge there can be no scientific value in our work.

True we can send a specimen to some of the numerous pathological laboratories in the large medical centers, but we have weeks to wait, besides a good fee to pay. Now, if we could have this work done promptly, accurately and cheaply, in our own laboratory, it would certainly encourage more scientific investigation, and elevate the standard. of the profession in the State.

MEANS.

To raise the money to equip this laboratory, I propose that we act on the suggestion of our able treasurer. He has

repeatedly suggested the advisability of our Association's issuing certificates of membership. In this, I heartily con

.cur.

We now have nearly five hundred members, most of whom would take out a certificate at $2.00 each, if they felt that by so doing they were helping on scientific medicine and honoring themselves.

This might not be quite enough, so I move that Amendment VI, "Life Membership," be restored to read thus: "The assessment for life membership shall be thirty dollars, exempting from annual dues, the sum so received to be invested as directed by the president, secretary and treasurer. A member may hold as many life memberships as he desires, and shall be entitled to one vote for each."

I believe if this amendment is adopted there will be enough members who will take out life memberships to furnish more than the required funds for equipping our laboratory. The life members to be furnished with certificates without further charges. They could be the same or different, but this is a matter of detail, and can be settled by the proper committee.

If these suggestions are acted on favorably, as I hope they will be, the progress made by our Association will be commensurate with that made in medical education during the past decade.

For this progress we are more indebted to the late Dr. William Pepper, that prince of progressive practice and paragon of teachers, than to any other one man. He whose death we all mourn, especially those of us who recall his warm handshake and cordial, easy manner that removed restraint, and relieved from all embarrassment.

YEAR OF JUBILEE.

One more suggestion, and I will close. When the great Lawgiver came from Sinai's heights, bringing with him

the statutes framed by Divine will, for the government of the chosen people, he brought ordinances establishing more feasts than fasts. The crowning feast of all was the year of Jubilee, in which "Ye shall restore every man into his position, ye shall not oppress one another."

Now, we are celebrating our first year of jubilee, therefore, let us take the advice of Holy Writ, and restore every one to his possession, and not oppress one another.

It is the right of every graduate of a regular medical college, in good standing, who conforms to the code of ethics of the American Medical Association, to become a member of our Association; yet, section 4, article VII of our By-Laws, at present shuts out a number of good men. These men joined the Association years back, paid their initiation fee and dues for one or two years, but they were unable to attend the meetings and neglected to remit their dues, although frequently reminded by our efficient treasurer. The proceedings are not sent to them, and the dues pile up against them. They feel that as they have not received the transactions it is not just to make them pay back dues, and so some good men are lost to us.

Now, let us restore these men to their possession, and allow them to again join our Association by paying the initiation fee. Let our diligent treasurer notify all delinquents that they can be restored to full membership by remitting this fee before June 1st.

Of course, I do not think it would be either just or wise to cancel delinquencies often, but surely none can object to our doing so in our year of jubilee.

If, at this meeting we start a movement that will establish a pathological and bacteriological laboratory, and restore our delinquent brothers to full fellowship, we can truthfully say of our work, ecce quam bonum!

A PRELIMINARY REPORT OF THE DISCOVERY OF AMEBA AND PLASMODIA IN CULTURES FROM THE BLOOD OF PERSONS SUFFERING WITH MALARIA AND PALUDAL FEVERS, AND THE DISCOVERY OF MOTILE BODIES IN HUMAN BLOOD PLASMA AND THEIR GROWTH IN PURE CULTURE, WITH SOME REMARKS PERTAINING TO THE SUBJECT.

BY ST. J. B. GRAHAM M.D., SAVANNAH, GA.

"Showing life's triumph in the map of death,
And death's dim look in life's mortality,
Each in her sleep, themselves so beautify,
As if between them twain there were no strife,
But that life lived in death and death in life."

The work which this is an attempt at describing superficially, was begun over two years ago with the full conviction that the protozoan organisms which are generally believed to be the cause of malaria could be obtained in cultures if only the proper medium could be discovered in which they might grow apart from the animal body. From what little is here presented, it will be seen that in a measure this has been successful, and that if diligently pursued a new and broad virgin field of work will have been opened to scientific medicine, and one of the greatest scourges of humanity will yield some of its mysteries. The many interruptions incident to the active practice of medicine has prevented pursuing, as I would like to do, the careful study the important subject demands. This introductory article is simply to announce the result of a little of the work that