Proposed Roads to FreedomCosimo, Inc., 1. 10. 2004 - Počet stran: 240 Completed in April 1918, "in the last days before a period of imprisonment," 'The Proposed Roads to Freedom' contains Bertrand Russell's astute political commentary on anarchism, socialism, and syndicalism. Russell begins with a historical overview of socialism and anarchism, the teachings and organizations of Marx and Bakunin, and the syndicalist revolt against socialism. He then turns to more pressing problems of the future, and how these movements could contribute to reconstruction after the war. Although he has criticism for each movement, Russell respected what they attempted to achieve. "What is new in Socialism and Anarchism is that close relations of the ideal to the present sufferings of men, which has enabled powerful political movements to grow out of the hopes of solitary thinkers. It is this that makes Socialism and Anarchism important, and it is this that makes them dangerous to those who batten, consciously or unconsciously, upon the evils of our present order of society." Bertrand Russell (1872-1970) was a mathematician, philosopher, pacifist, and winner of the 1950 Nobel Prize for literature. As a president of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, he opposed war and nuclear weapons and also advocated world government and peacemaking. The Bertrand Russell Peace Foundation was created in 1963 and it publishes a journal, 'The Spokesman'. |
Obsah
| 1 | |
BAKUNIN AND ANARCHISM | 32 |
THE SYNDICALIST REVOLT | 56 |
PART II | 86 |
GOVERNMENT AND | 111 |
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS | 139 |
SCIENCE AND ART UNDER SOCIALISM | 164 |
THE WORLD AS IT COULD BE MADE | 186 |
1888 32 56 86 111 139 164 186 | 216 |
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Proposed Roads to Freedom: Socialism, Anarchism and Syndicalism Bertrand Russell Úplné zobrazení - 1919 |
Proposed Roads to Freedom: Socialism, Anarchism and Syndicalism Bertrand Russell Úplné zobrazení - 1919 |
Proposed Roads to Freedom: Socialism, Anarchism and Syndicalism Bertrand Russell Úplné zobrazení - 1920 |
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abolish abolition achieved adopted advocate aims Anar Anarchist Communism artist authority Bakunin become believe better bourgeois bourgeoisie Bourse du Travail capitalist civilized class war Communist Manifesto craft unionism creative criminal democracy desire doctrine doubt economic equally evils existing fact fear force France freedom French G. D. H. Cole Germany Guild Socialism Guild Socialists hatred hope human nature ideas impulse increase individual industrial inspired instinct interest International kind Kropotkin labor less liberty live Marx Marx's means ment methods modern movement National Guilds National Guilds League necessary oppression organization ownership party political population possible present produce proletariat question reason regard régime revolution revolutionary secure Socialism and Anarchism society spirit Strike Syndicalism Syndicalists Syndicat tend theory things tion Trade Unions true violence wage wage-earners whole wholly workers
Oblíbené pasáže
Strana 26 - The monopoly of capital becomes a fetter upon the mode of production, which has sprung up and flourished along with and under it.
Strana 149 - Communists disdain to conceal their views and aims. They openly declare that their ends can be attained only by the forcible overthrow of all existing social conditions. Let the ruling classes tremble at a Communistic revolution. The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win. Working men of all countries, unite!
Strana 115 - In place of the old bourgeois society, with its classes and class antagonisms, we shall have an association, in which the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all.
Strana 12 - ... the work of the proletarians has lost all individual character, and, consequently, all charm for the workman. He becomes an appendage of the machine, and it is only the most simple, most monotonous, and most easily acquired knack, that is required of him. Hence, the cost of production of a workman is restricted almost entirely to the means of subsistence that he requires for his maintenance, and for the propagation of his race.
Strana 115 - When, in the course of development, class distinctions have disappeared, and all production has been concentrated in the hands of a vast association of the whole nation, the public power will lose its political character.
Strana 15 - This union is helped on by the improved means of communication that are created by modern industry, and that place the workers of different localities in contact with one another.
Strana 12 - Society as a whole is more and more splitting up into two great hostile camps, into two great classes directly facing each other: Bourgeoisie and Proletariat.
Strana 14 - At this stage the laborers still form an incoherent mass scattered over the whole country, and broken up by their mutual competition. If anywhere they unite to form more compact bodies, this is not yet the consequence of their own active union, but of the union of the bourgeoisie, which class, in order to attain its own political ends, is compelled to set the whole proletariat in motion, and is moreover yet, for a time, able to do so.
Strana 14 - ... everywhere reduces wages to the same low level. The growing competition among the bourgeois, and the resulting commercial crises, make the wages of the workers ever more fluctuating. The unceasing improvement of machinery, ever more rapidly developing, makes their livelihood more and more precarious; the collisions between individual workmen and individual bourgeois take more and more the character of collisions between two classes. Thereupon the workers begin to form combinations (Trades...
Strana 16 - All previous historical movements were movements of minorities, or in the interest of minorities. The proletarian movement is the self-conscious, independent movement of the immense majority, in the interests of the immense majority.