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ing invention. This factory is on Charles' river, and
although not more than nine miles from Boston, it is
nothing more than a tolerable creek. I am amazed at
the shortness of the streams in this country.
Col. Ly-
man, one of the Waltham proprietors, a gentleman of
great wealth and merit, lives on his country seat near
Waltham, in summer; and amongst other rare and choice
collections of taste and beauty, he has a number of tame
swans, the first I ever saw tamed. I could not help stop-
ping the carriage several minutes, to admire those beau-
tful creatures as they played in a stream near the road
side. They moved their snowy necks with such ineffa-
ble grace and ease: their bills and feet are perfectly
black. Besides the factory just mentioned, there is an
extensive bleaching establishment at Waltham, where
the cloth is whitened and prepared for market. It also
contains a large laboratory, where medicine is prepared.
Besides those factories there are the Nashua and Dover
establishments, and many others near Boston. Walt-
ham, though a small village, is one of the oldest towns in
the vicinity of Boston; the situation is level, handsome,
and the country between it and Boston resembles a high-
ly cultivated garden, beyond description beautiful. The
famous Lexington is not far from Waltham. There are
three extensive glass manufactories in and near Boston.
Window-glass is made in the city, and flint glass in
South-Boston: but Lechmere-Point, at the end of canal
bridge in Cambridge, is the most extensive. Here was
made the piece exhibited at Washington, among various
others, last spring, which was pronounced to excel any
that was presented.

The New-England (Flint) Glass Company, at Lech-
mere Point, near canal bride, Cambridge, usually em-
ploys one hundred and forty men and boys; this embra-
ces the flint glass works, including the blowing and cut-
ting of glass; there is attached an establishment for the
manufacture of red lead, a principal ingredient in the
composition of flint glass. The amount of glass made
annually at this factory, exceeds one hundred thousand
dollars. Adjoining the flint glass works, is a crown
glass factory, principally owned by the same proprietors.

"

This factory employs about sixty men, and manufactures at the rate of fifty or sixty thousand dollars per annum. There is also established at Lechmere Point, Winchester, extensive works, where near ten thousand head of beef cattle are annually slaughtered. Upwards of 20,000 barrels of beef, and 10,000 barrels of pork are annually packed for shipping; and 1,000,000 pounds of bar soap, 500,000 pounds of candles, and many other operations connected with the slaughtering of cattle, are carried on, employing near 60 men a great part of the year. There is also a stone-ware manufactory, an iron foundery, a steam-engine manufactory, and many other kinds of business, employing the whole population, which is now near two thousand, and has increased since 1819, one thousand per cent.

At Brighton, a few miles from Boston, an annual fair is held, where every production of the state is exhibited for sale, but principally cattle. At the same time premiums are awarded to those who bring the best speci mens. Also, at the same place a weekly market is held for cattle, whence the butchers supply the citizens of Boston with beef.

The citizens of Boston are remarkably fond of military parade, and have the best band of music in the coun try. Once in every year the state elect their governor, and his inauguration takes place in Boston, on the first day of June, which is celebrated by every man, woman and child, in the state, who are able to attend. It is then they have their grand military parades, at which time the officers receive their commissions from the governor. The inauguration of His Excellency, Gov. ernor Lincoln, took place whilst I was there, and with the citizens I attended the ceremony. The mall, from its size, affords a fine opportunity for the display, and we were favored with one of the brightest suns. citizens attended, some in carriages, and some on foot, till the mall was covered with such numbers that you might have walked from one end of it to the other on their heads. I did not see the ceremony of the inaugu ration, which took place in the state-house, lest I might have been crushed to death, so great was the crowd.

The

Meantime I took my station near the mall, where I could
see the most interesting part of the fete. The guards
with great difficulty preserved a square in the mall
which was accommodated with elegant settees, for the
governor and his suite; from which seats he was to
present the officers their commissions. The military
were equipped in the most superb style, with the city
band, in readiness to escort the governor from the state-
house to his seat on the mall. The moment he had ta-
ken the oath of office, it was announced by the firing of
cannon, and the band began to play; the escort then
moved to the front of the state-house, where they recei-
ved the governor, who, with his secretary and the lieu-
tenant governor, all three dressed in the same uniform,
each with a sword by his side, proceeded abreast with a
slow, dignified step, to the seat prepared for them on the
mall. The band was full, and the music exquisitely
fine. They passed so near my carriage that I could
have touched their plumes with my hand. The govern-
or walked between the other two, (you might see that he
was gentle born,") he wore a plain cocked hat, the
others the same, with lofty black plumes; fine looking
men, same height and figure. When they gained the
inside of the mall another round was fired; the govern-
or taking off his hat, passed between the troops to his
seat, and sitting down puts on his hat, his suit uncover-
ing their heads, remained standing; during which the
troops were forming, the band still playing. At length
they all sit, and the troops go through the manual exer-
cise. When this was ended, the governor, with his
suite, walked slowly round the lines, and returning to
his seat; the officers who have previously been elected
(on the same day) advance to the governor, with their
heads uncovered; he rises up to receive them, and
hands each man his commission. After this, another
round is fired, and the governor is escorted back to the
state-house, where the troops are disbanded. These
anniversaries are quite a treat to the citizens of Boston,
and religiously observed.

66

I was likewise present at the celebration of the battle of Bunker Hill; the greatest procession probably that

ever took place in the history of America. This procession has been so generally diffused in the newspapers, and if it had not, it so far exceeds not only the limits of this work, but my powers of description, that I should only sully a subject which I hold too sacred to profane. I collected the newspapers the following day, and intended to give the order of procession, but upor reflection I thought it would be dry, and the greatness of the throng deterred me from going to Charlestown. From a window in School-street, I viewed the procession from beginning to end. I should be at a loss to say with which part I was most pleased; the whole was grand beyond conception. The music of all New-England was there, and all the masons, which are numerous in those states; the bands were divided, and every lodge by itself, each leaving a small vacancy, with a splendid banner, on which was the number and name of the lodge, and the state to which it belonged. The Knights all in black, with lofty black plumes waving in their hats, their black pointed aprons, Gen. Lafayette in an open carriage, the soldiers of the revolution in open carriages, (a venerable band,) drove by young gentlemen of the first distinction in the city. It was a moving scene! But while our extacy was wrought up to the highest pitch, a dear old man, dressed in an old coat, and an old hat, passed under us; he was sitting in the front of the carriage, with his right arm extended, and in his hand he held an old continental shot bag, with the same bullets in it which he used at the battle of Bunker Hill. He gently waved it backwards and forwards from one side to the other, so that the people on each side might have a chance to see it; and continued to do so throughout the procession. The coat he had on, and the hat, were likewise those he wore in the battle; we saw distinctly several bullet holes in each-the solemn motion of the carriage! the effect cannot be described! Gen. Lafayette, and even the Knights, all glorious as they shone, shrunk into nothing beside this war-worn soldier! It transported us fifty years back, and we in imagination were fighting the battle of Bunker Hill; the sacred relic he bore in his hand seemed endued with

x

speech; its effect, like an electric shock, flew through the lines, and held each heart in fond delusion. Not a word was uttered for several minutes! till," did you see that?" whispered one to the other, whilst every cheek was wet! The music was ravishing, the masons looked divine, and the Knights Templar like supernatural beings! The whole was not only grand, it was sublime! but our language is too poor for such occasions. The procession was about an hour and a half passing through the street, and supposed to consist of eighty thousand persons, while we were favored throughout with one of the most brilliant suns.

Although Boston is behind New-York in trade and business,. it has one advantage, which renders the city much more pleasant in summer than the latter, whatever it may be in the winter, that is its lofty elms, and spreading horse-chesnuts, the streets being mostly shaded with full grown trees, nor do the high houses look so terrifying when one gets used to them, but more especially with those who inhabit them. Nothing hinders Boston from being as large as New-York or Philadelphia, but want of room. The whole of the peninsula is built on to the water's edge, and even into the bay. Were it not that it is hemmed in by the bay and Charles river, Charleston, Cambridge, Watertown, and South-Boston would make a part of the city. Roxbury does join it; the houses extending quite through the neck. It is kept fully as neat as Philadelphia, (though some of the streets and side-walks are badly paved,) and the houses, kitchens, and back yards are exquisitely neat. The city is distinguished by the "north end, south end, West-Boston, and the wharves." Copp's hill, famous in history, is in the north end; the Mall is in the south end.

I ought to have noticed the churches and fortifications in the topographical description: the churches are remarkable for nothing but their great size and their high steeples. The harbour is defended by nature, the entrance to it being so narrow as not to admit of more than two ships a-breast. Fort Warren stands on one side of it, and Fort Independence on the other, The latter, for