Japanese Industrial History: Technology, Urbanization and Economic Growth

agriculture autarky bakufu banks buildup buses canals capital formation city planning city's companies competitive advantage concentrated conurbations created daimyō demand diffusion districts domestic downswing early economic growth electrification enterprises especially exports extensive growth factories figures flow gross domestic product Hanshin heavy industry hinterland important increased industrial belt industrial expansion innovation Japanese industrialization Kantō Kantō plain Kinai Kinai region Kondratieff waves Kyoto labor land prices long-swing manufacturing Meiji Meiji period merchant middle ring Ministry Mosk Nihon Ōsaka Osaka and Tokyo Osaka City Osaka Prefecture Ōsaka-shi shi output paddy percent periphery phase population prewar production proto-industrial region rice roads role scale economies second long swing sector steam Table takuchi Tenpozan textiles third long swing Tōkaidō region Tokugawa period Tokyo Prefectures trade tramway transitional-growth long swing transport trucks University Press upswing urban Western workers Yodo River zaibatsu