Educ T769, 18, 290 レ HARVARD GIFT OF GINN & COMPANY MARCH 17, 1927 COPYRIGHT, 1917, 1918, BY SILVER, BURDETT AND COMPANY. PREFACE Two of WRITTEN AND SPOKEN ENGLISH is a BOOK manual of composition and rhetoric for high schools and other secondary schools. It is intended to follow Book One. It treats English primarily as the art and science of organizing thought and communicating it to others effectively. Much of the composition work of this book deals with community interests and community English. It considers the pupil as a member of society and teaches him to organize his thought about the business and pleasure of his life and that of his community and to communicate this thought effectively. The first essential in composition work is that the pupil have thoughts to express. Each pupil has abundant material in his mind with which to construct thoughts, but he needs help in selecting and organizing it. The assignments in this book give the pupil the help he needs. Each assignment is definite, and deals with thought material familiar to the pupil. An illustrative example shows him the general nature of the work he is to do. Definite directions and concrete suggestions and "suggested subjects" help him to gather and organize thoughts for his composition. A second essential in composition work, no less important than the first, is that the pupil communicate his thought to others. The only successful method of teaching this is iii so to correlate composition work with grammatical and rhetorical theory that the pupil will discover his errors and correct them when he makes them. WRITTEN AND SPOKEN ENGLISH makes this correlation. Each assignment for composition work is supplemented with directions and suggestions, and timely assignments in grammatical and rhetorical theory are given. Experienced teachers of English, however, know that this is not enough. It is also essential that the pupil should discover the errors he has made, that he should understand the nature of these errors, and that he should correct them, thus forming good habits. The example on page 321 illustrates how WRITTEN AND SPOKEN ENGLISH provides for this. Part II of this book contains a summary of illustrated rules in grammar and diction, each of which is numbered. The teacher does not correct the pupil's theme, but she places a rule number on the theme, opposite the error. The pupil turns to the rule in Part II, studies the principle involved, and then corrects his error, thus learning the principle in the only practical way. A Key to the rules is given on page 322 to enable the teacher to mark themes quickly. The first four chapters of Part I deal primarily with oral and written composition work, each chapter presenting a suitable amount of work for half a year. These chapters contain assignments referring to lessons in chapters VI, VII, VIII, and IX, which deal with punctuation, sentence structure, and diction. The teacher, of course, will use her own judgment about following these reference assignments: they are intended merely to suggest to the teacher timely theory work. CONTENTS Page numbers follow titles Qualities and structure of discourse, 3. Oral composition work, 8. Newspapers, 11. Assignments for oral and written composition work (journalistic and expository), 15, 18, 21, 23, 26, 27, 34, 38. Magazines, 29. Advertisements, 36. Business letters, 39. Letter of inquiry, 43. Letter of application, 45. Letter of re- The summary, 49. Assignments for oral and written summaries, 52, 55, 57. The appreciation, 57. Assignments for oral and written compositions (appreciation, biography, local questions, criticism), 59, 62, 67, 77, 84, 85, 87. Letter of congratulation, 61. Biog- raphy, 64. Literary criticism, 70. Outline and discussion assign- General nature of stories, 89. Assignments for oral and written com- positions (narrative), 91, 93, 99, 101, 102, 105, 107, 109. De- scription of modern stories, 97. Assignment for dramatic writing, IIO. Theme assignment (criticism), 114. Business letter, 116. Social letters, 117, 118. Letter of introduction, 119. Telegrams, |