Euphemism & Dysphemism: Language Used as Shield and WeaponKeith Allan, Senior Lecturer in Linguistics Keith Allan, Kate Burridge, Lecturer in Linguistics Kate Burridge Oxford University Press, 1991 - Počet stran: 263 We all use euphemisms. We ask for directions to the ladies room or convey the news that someone has recently passed away. In fact, euphemisms have existed throughout recorded history: they are used by preliterate peoples, and have probably been around since human language first developed. And the same is true of offensive language, or dysphemisms--words used as weapons against others, or as release valves for anger and frustration. In this fascinating study, Keith Allan and Kate Burridge examine the linguistic, social, and psychological aspects of this intriguing universal practice. They cover the many shapes euphemism can take, from circumlocution and acronym to hyperbole and understatement, metaphor, and even technical jargon (many medical terms ultimately derive from euphemisms--stool, for instance, comes from go to the stool, and diabetes comes from a Greek word meaning to go a lot, since people with diabetes urinate frequently). They discuss the many euphemisms and dysphemisms for tabooed body parts (there are, the authors point out, at least 1,200 terms for vagina and 1,000 for penis), bodily functions, death, and disease. They describe euphemisms used to avoid religious blasphemy, from the archaic egad and zounds and gadzooks to the modern equivalents, such as Jiminy Cricket and golly or gosh. They even discuss the political use of euphemism; for instance, when at war, to shield the public from upsetting details (or shield politicians from the voter), concentration camps become pacification centers, bombing raids become surgical strikes, and bombs dropped on our own troops become friendly fire. (President Reagan, a master of euphemism, insisted that the attack on Grenada was not an invasion, but rather a rescue mission.) Along the way, the authors provide illuminating discussions of word origins, the use of bawdy language in Shakespeare, and many other fascinating topics. With thousands of examples drawn from speech, literature, newspapers, television, and film, Allan and Burridge invite us all to ponder and enjoy the creative products of the human mind as it confronts the problem of talking in different contexts about sex, lust, disapproval, anger, disease, death, fear, and God |
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Strana 20
( Holzknecht 1988 : 67 ) Learned Terms or Technical Jargon and Colloquial or Common Terms as Euphemisms In the previous section we exemplified the euphemistic use of learned terms or technical jargon instead of common terms , an example ...
( Holzknecht 1988 : 67 ) Learned Terms or Technical Jargon and Colloquial or Common Terms as Euphemisms In the previous section we exemplified the euphemistic use of learned terms or technical jargon instead of common terms , an example ...
Strana 35
It is very common among the societies of Oceania that names are , or derive from , common words . When the name is taboo , the word becomes taboo too . Thus name taboo can be extended to become word taboo ( cf.
It is very common among the societies of Oceania that names are , or derive from , common words . When the name is taboo , the word becomes taboo too . Thus name taboo can be extended to become word taboo ( cf.
Strana 90
The generalization of brand names is a common practice and it can be the cause of cross - cultural embarrassment . For example , in Britain durex is a brand name for condoms that has developed into a common noun meaning " condom ...
The generalization of brand names is a common practice and it can be the cause of cross - cultural embarrassment . For example , in Britain durex is a brand name for condoms that has developed into a common noun meaning " condom ...
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Introductory Remarks on Language Used | 3 |
3 | 52 |
5 | 117 |
Autorská práva | |
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Euphemism and Dysphemism: Language Used As Shield and Weapon Keith Allan,Kate Burridge Náhled není k dispozici. - 2001 |
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addressing Ages American animals appear associated Australian avoid become behavior believed blood bodily body called cancer cause century chapter common comparable context course cunt dead death denote derives described dialects discussion disease Dutch dysphemism dysphemistic earlier effect effluvia English epithets euphemism euphemistic example expressions face fact fear female figurative French fuck function give given hand Hearer human instance jargon kind language Latin least less linguistic literal look male matter meaning mental mentioned metaphor Middle motivated nature normally noun once one's organs original particular patients penis perhaps person possible prick probably quoted reader reason reference seems sense sexual shit similar social society someone Speaker speaking style suggests taboo talk things tion typically usually utterance vagina verb vocabulary woman women
Bibliografické údaje
| Název | Euphemism & Dysphemism: Language Used as Shield and Weapon |
| Autoři | Keith Allan, Senior Lecturer in Linguistics Keith Allan, Kate Burridge, Lecturer in Linguistics Kate Burridge |
| Vydání | ilustrované vydání |
| Vydavatel | Oxford University Press, 1991 |
| Zdroj originálu: | Michiganská univerzita |
| Digitalizováno | 28. únor 2008 |
| ISBN | 0195066227, 9780195066227 |
| Délka | Počet stran: 263 |
| Exportovat citaci | BiBTeX EndNote RefMan |