perseded; Gen. Lafayette arrived at New York from France, Aug. 15; the people having failed to elect a president, agreeably to the 12th article of the amendments of the constitution, it devolved on the house of representatives, who on the first ballot, declared John Quincy Adams, (who had the second highest vote before the people,) to be duly elected; J. CCalhoun was elected vice-president by the people.

1825, Wool imported from Great Britain, being the first instance for two centuries, January; John Q. Adams inaugurated, as president, March 4: the president recommends to congress the appointment of two commissioners to meet the congress of American nations at Panama, which, after a long protracted debate, was carried, and commissioners appointed accordingly; the gentlemen selected were Messrs. Rich. C. Anderson, of Virginia, and John Sergeant, of Pennsylvania: Gen. Lafayette embarks for France, in the frigate Brandywine, which had been fitted out expressly for his accommodation, in compliment to the services rendered and wounds received in the battle of that name, Sept. 7.

1826. Very remarkable coincidence in the death of John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, two of the three ex-presidents, the only two of them who were signers of the declaration of independence, which instrument they had signed just half a century previous; the last words of Adams were, "Independence now and for evermore;" those of Jefferson, 'I leave my daughter to the protection of God and my country;" cach died without a struggle, July 4: the American minister, at the court of St. James, concludes a convention with the government of Great Britain, by which certain American citizens are indemnified for injuries done them during the late war, Nov. 13.

1827. The convention of Nov. 13, 1826, being approved by the senate, was exchanged in London Feb 26: Condy Raguet, Esq. the American charge d'Affaires to the Brazillian government, conceiving that his representations in behalf of his countrymen were totally disregarded, in an honest zeal for the honour and interests of his country, without waiting for instructions, terminates his official functions, and demands his passports; the Brazilians, aware of their error, apologized to the American government, and solicited the appointment of another charge, promising to make ample compensation for past injuries; Wm. Tudor, Esq. became his successor, Dec. 27: during this year, the Indians of the Winnebago tribe, having, without provocation, murdered several whites, and showed other indications of a menacing character, the militia of Illinois and Michigan, and 700 regulars, were dispatched against them; they were overawed by their presence, and the murderers given up, when the army was disbanded.

1828. Congress having been engaged for many weeks in digesting a tariff of duties, it finally passed the senate, May 13: at the election by electors of president and vice-president, the following was the result, for president, Andrew Jackson, 178 votes, John Quincy Adams, 83 votes: for vice-president, John C. Calhoun, 171 votes, Richard Rush, 83 votes, and Wm. Smith 7 votes.

1829. Inauguration of Andrew Jackson, as president of the United States, March 4: the president appoints Martin Van Buren, secretary of state, Samuel D. Ingham, secretary of the treasury, John H. Eaton, secretary of war, John Branch, secretary of the navy, John M'Pherson Berrien, attorney-general, Wm. T. Barry, post master general.

1830. By order of the secretary of war, the rent of the lead mines owned by government, were reduced from 10 to 5 per cent. on the amount of their product, Jan. 16: the president issues his proclamation, declaring the ports of the United States open to British vessels from the West Indies, Oct. 5.

The fifth census was taken during this year; number of inhabitants, 12.856,407. Aug.

1831. The appeal of the vice-president, John C. Calhoun, against General Jackson, published at Washington City, Feb. 18: the supreme court of the United States deliver their opinion against granting an injunction to stay proceedings of Georgia, relative to the Cherokee lands, March 18: dissolution of the cabinet at Washington, April 19: which was followed by the appointment of a new cabinet, consisting of Edward Livingston, as secretary of state, commissioned May 24, Lewis Cass, secretary of war, Aug. 8, Levi Woodbury, secretary of the navy, May 23, Louis M'Lane, secretary of the treasury, Aug. 8, and Roger Brooke Taney, attorney-general, July 20.

1832. The secretary of the navy gives notice of his having received some seeds of the teak tree, so valuable for ship building, and offers it gratuitously to gentlemen who will try the experiment of raising the tree in our soil, Sept. 20: the president having submitted to the senate, at the meeting of the twentysecond congress, among other nominations, the name of Martin Van Buren, as minister to the court of St. James, who had been appointed during the recess of congress, and had entered upon the duties of his station, he was rejected by the casting vote of the vicepresident, the senate being equally divided; many meetings were held in consequence throughout the Union approving and disapproving the measure : during the summer of this year, the tribes of Sacs,

Foxes, and part of the Winnebagoes, under Black Hawk, a celebrated warrior, having levied war on the north western frontier, Gen. Scott was dispatched with sufficient force to subdue them, which was finally accomplished with very little bloodshed, (although the troops suffered severely from cholera :) Black Hawk was captured, and treaties finally entered into with the Indians, highly advantageous to both parties the secretary of war, in general orders, approved the conduct of Gen. Scott, Oct. 11: ordinance issued by South Carolina declaring the Tariff laws of 1828 and '32 to be unconstitutional, Nov. 24: Proclamation of the President of the U. States in relation thereto, Dec. 10: proclamation of the governor of South Carolina, threatening resistance to the revenue laws of the U. States, Dec. 20.

1833. This year, in consequence of the unequal operation of the tariff laws, this subject was much discussed in Congress and the public prints: resolutions passed in the Legislature of Massachusetts by a majority of 406 to 58, declaring the attempt then made in Congress to reduce the Tariff, to be a measure "involving such a gross and palpable abuse of power in the government, as would justify the states and citizens aggrieved by it, in any measures which they might think proper to adopt for the purpose of obtaining redress," Jan. 22: Mr. Clay introduces his bill in the Senate of the U. States, for the gradual reduction of the Tariff, sometimes called the "Compromise Bill," Feb. 12, and adoption of it by Congress, March 1; this measure had the effect, with some precautionary measures previously adopted, of allaying the difficulties in South Carolina, and gave general'satis. faction to all interests: second inauguration of Gen. Jackson as President of the U. States, and Martin Van Buren, as Vice President, March 4: removal

of Mr. Duane, Secretary of the Treasury, by the President, and the appointment of Mr. Taney in his place, who removes the public moneys from the U. S. Bank; reasons given by the President for this measure, Sept. 18.

1834. Protest of the president to the following resolution, passed on the 28th of March, in the Senate of the U. States, "That the president, in the late executive proceeding in relation to the public revenue, has assumed upon himself authority and power not conferred by the constitution and laws, but in derogation of both."* April 15.

1835. The principal event of this year was the discussions which arose in consequence of the refusal of the French Government of the fulfilment of the treaty entered into with that nation and the United States in 1832-and some apprehensions were entertained of a rupture with that country.

1836. Message of the President in relation to the French difficulties, Jan. 15: expiration of the charter of the U. States Bank, March,

1837. Gen: Jackson's term of office having expired he issues a "Farewell Address" to his fellow citizens, March 3: Inauguration of Martin Van Buren as President of the United States, and Col. Rich. M. Johnson, as Vice President, March 4: Suspension of specie payments by the banks in the city of New York, which was followed by a general suspension by the banks in the U. S.: special congress assembled. Sept. 4: the president recommends a "National 'Treasury" for the safe keeping of the public moneys.

1838. The princical events of this year, as yet, are the resumption of specie payments by the banks generally in the United States.

This resolution was expunged from the Journals of the Se nate in 1837.