834 Traubel, H. L. The American Intellect In Re Walt Whitman. Philadelphia. 1893. Tyler, M. C. Three Men of Letters (Berkeley, Dwight, Barlow). New York. 1895. Warner, C. D. Washington Irving. Boston. 1881. Weiss, J. Life and Correspondence of Theodore Parker. 2 vols. New York. 1864. Wendell, Barrett. Stelligeri, and other Essays concerning America (Lowell, Whittier, etc.). New York. 1893. Woodberry, G. E. Edgar Allan Poe. Boston. 1885. Nathaniel Hawthorne. Boston. 1902. (d) Education Brown, E. E. Educational Reform. New York. 1898. The Making of our Middle Schools. New York. 1903. Horace Mann and the Common School Revival in the United States. Evolution of the Massachusetts Public School System. New York, National Educational Association. Report of the Committee of Fifteen on Elementary Education. New York. 1895. National Educational Association. Report of the Committee on College Entrance Requirements. Chicago. 1899. Sadler, M. E. Special Reports on Educational Subjects. Vols. X, XI. London. 1902. United States Bureau of Education Report of the Committee on Secondary School Studies, etc. Washington. 1893. (Usually known as the "Report of the Committee of Ten.") United States Commissioner of Education. Reports. 45 vols. Washington. 1867, etc. CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF LEADING EVENTS 1492 Columbus discovers the West Indies. 1497 Cabot discovers Newfoundland. 1513 Balboa discovers the Pacific. 1520 Magelhaens passes the Straits. 1521 Cortes captures Mexico. 1533 Pizarro enters Cusco. 1534, '35, '41 Cartier's voyages to Canada. 1540 Roberval's voyage. French fort planted at Quebec. 1562 The French occupy Port Royal. 1576, 77, '78 Frobisher's voyages to the North. 1577 Sir Humphrey Gilbert obtains a general patent of colonisation. 1577-80 Drake's voyage round the world. 1578 Gilbert's first expedition. 1583 Newfoundland occupied by Gilbert. 1584 Sir W. Ralegh obtains a charter. Amidas and Barlow land in North Carolina. 1585 Grenville's expedition to Virginia. Gilbert's second expedition. Ralegh in Guiana. 1585, '6, '7 Davis's voyages to the North. 1587 First English colony planted in Virginia. 1595 Ralegh again in Guiana. 1603-4 Champlain's first voyage. 1605 French settlement at Port Royal in Acadia. 1606 Expeditions of Sir Ferdinando Gorges. Virginia Company created. 1607 Colony planted in Virginia. 1608 First permanent French colony planted in Canada. Quebec founded. 1617 Ralegh's last expedition to Guiana. 1619 Slavery introduced in Virginia. 1620 Dutch trading-station established in New Netherlands. Virginia Company re-organized. Calvert's colony in Newfoundland. 1627 The Company of New France and the Company of the Isles of America established. 1629 The Governor and Company of Massachusetts Bay obtain a charter. Sir R. Heath obtains a grant of land afterwards called "Carolina." 836 Chronological Table 1629 War between England and France. Surrender of Quebec. 1632 Canada and Acadia restored to France by Peace of St Germain. 1633 Settlement of Connecticut formed. 1634 Cecilius, second Lord Baltimore, founds colony of Maryland. 1635 Consolidation of small settlements into colonies of New Hampshire and Maine. 1637 Foundation of Harvard College. 1638 Colony of New Haven formed. 1640 English settlements on Long Island and on the Delaware. 1641 Foundation of Montreal. 1643 Federation of Massachusetts, Connecticut, New Haven, and Plymouth. Providence Plantations incorporated. 1647 Rhode Island formed by combination of settlements. 1651 Massachusetts annexes Maine. 1657 Landing of the Quakers: Acts passed against them. 1663 Colony founded in Carolina. 1664 Colbert's Company of the West created. 1665 Colony of New Jersey constituted. Connecticut and New Haven united. War with Holland. Occupation of New Netherlands. 1667 New Netherlands ceded to Great Britain by Peace of Breda. 1671 French occupy lands about Lake Superior. 1673 War between England and Holland. New York recovered by the Dutch. 1674 Transfer of French colonies from Company of the West to the Crown. New Netherlands restored to England by Peace of Westminster. 1681 La Salle sails down the Mississippi, and calls the valley Louisiana. 1682 Colony of Pennsylvania formed. 1683 French colony of Louisiana planted. 1686-8 Disturbances under government of Sir Edmund Andros. 1688 Revolution in England. 1692 Acadia annexed to Massachusetts. 1697 Acadia restored to France by the Treaty of Ryswick. 1701 Foundation of Yale College. 1702 War of Spanish Succession begins. Mather's Magnalia published. 1704 First American newspaper published at Boston. 1713 Acadia (Nova Scotia), with Newfoundland and Hudson's Bay, ceded to England by Treaty of Utrecht. 1717 Company of the Indies formed by amalgamation of Company of the West with French East India Company. 1720 First settlement in Vermont. 1730 Commencement of migration into Kentucky. 1733 Colony of Georgia formed. 1734"The Great Awakening" in New England. 1739 War with Spain. 1740 Oglethorpe invades Florida. 1744 War with France. Capture of Louisbourg. 1748 Louisbourg restored to France by treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. 1749 Ohio Land Company formed. French intrigues in Acadia and on the Ohio. 1753 The French occupy the Ohio valley. 1754 Washington's fight at Great Meadows. 1755 Deportation of the Acadians. Destruction of Braddock's force by French and Indians. 1756 War between England and France. British operations under Lord Loudon. 1757 Capture of Fort William Henry and massacre of British garrison. 1758 Amherst captures Louisbourg. 1759 Capture of Quebec. Death of Wolfe. 1760 Capitulation of Montreal. Occupation of Canada. Chronological Table 837 1761 Trouble over Writs of Assistance. 1762 Louis XIV cedes to Spain New Orleans and Louisiana west of the Mississippi. 1763 Treaty of Paris cedes Canada with Cape Breton and Ile de St Jean (Prince Edward Island) to England. Spain also cedes Florida. 1764 Grenville's Act modifying the Sugar Act. 1765 Passing of the Stamp Act. 1766 Repeal of the Stamp Act. England. Stamp Act Congress in New York. Passing of the Declaratory Act. Chatham Ministry in 1770 The" Boston Massacre." Lord North Prime Minister. 1773 Boston Tea Riot. The Hutchinson Letters. Battle of Bunker Hill. 1776 Declaration of Independence. Meeting of first American Congress. Washington made Commander-in-Chief. 1778 Treaty between France and the United States. Death of Chatham. 1779 Spain joins France. 1780 Holland joins France. Armed Neutrality of the North. 1781 Cornwallis capitulates at Yorktown. 1783 Treaty of Paris. Recognition of American Independence. Loyalists leave New York for Canada. 1787 Constitutional Convention: Constitution published. 1788 The Constitution generally accepted. 1789 The Constitution comes into force. Washington and Adams inaugurated President and Vice-President. 1790 Rhode Island accepts the Constitution. Philadelphia selected as seat of government for ten years. 1791 Bank of the United States chartered. First ten Amendments come into force. Vermont admitted. 1792 Washington re-elected President. Kentucky admitted. 1793 Washington issues declaration of neutrality in war between France and the Allies. Invention of the cotton-gin. British Government issues Order in Council prohibiting neutral trade with French colonies. Republican and Federal parties so called. 1794 Second Order in Council issued against neutral trade. Jay's Treaty with Great Britain. 1795 Treaty with Spain defining southern boundary of United States. 1796 John Adams elected President. Congressional Caucus begins. Tennessee admitted. 1797 Special envoys appointed to treat with the Directory. Publication of the "XYZ despatches." 1798 War with France begins. British Order in Council forbidding direct trade between France, Spain, and the 1799 Great Britain declares coast of Holland under blockade. System of "broken" voyages adopted. Death of Washington. 1800 Treaty with France, annulling the Treaty of 1778. Secret treaty between France and Spain, retroceding Louisiana to France. 1800 Congress meets at Washington. Jefferson elected President. 1802 1803 United States at war with Tripoli. Ohio admitted. Peace of Amiens. 1804 Great Britain blockades Ports of Guadaloupe and Martinique. Blockade extended to Straits of Dover and English Channel. Jefferson re-elected President. Twelfth Amendment adopted. 838 Chronological Table 1805 Admiralty decision against "broken" voyages. 1806 Non-importation Act signed by President. Napoleon issues Berlin Decree laying British Isles under blockade. 1807 Leopard and Chesapeake affair. Third Order in Council issued. Napoleon issues Milan Decree. Embargo Act passed by the U. S. Invention of the steamboat. 1808 Madison elected President. 1809 Embargo Act repealed and Non-Intercourse law enacted. 1810 Rambouillet Decree. Macon's Bill passed as a retaliatory measure. Revolutions in Venezuela, Paraguay, Mexico, etc. West Florida occupied. 1811 Affair of the Little Belt. 1812 War with Great Britain. Revolution in Peru. Recall of Orders in Council. Hull invades Canada. American naval successes. Madison re-elected mitted. 1813 Action of the Chesapeake and Shannon. President. Louisiana ad 1814 Battle of Lundy's Lane. Capture of Washington. Peace of Ghent. 1815 British disaster at New Orleans. Second Peace of Paris. 1816 Monroe elected President. Buenos Ayres and Argentine Republic declared independent. Indiana admitted. 1817 Mississippi admitted. 1818 Independence of Chile proclaimed. Convention with Great Britain (Fisheries). Illinois admitted. 1819 Florida Boundary Treaty with Spain. Alabama admitted. 1820 The "Missouri Compromise." Missouri and Maine admitted. Monroe re-elected President. 1821 Independence of Peru proclaimed. 1822 Independence of Spanish South American Colonies recognised by United States. 1823 Enunciation of Monroe Doctrine. 1824 Protection Bill passed. John Quincy Adams elected President. 1825 Erie Canal finished. called. National Republicans and Democratic Republicans so 1826 Murder of William Morgan. Rise of the "Anti-Masons" party. 1828 "Tariff of Abominations" passed. Calhoun's "South Carolina Exposition" published. Jackson elected President. 1829 "Walker's Appeal." Nat Turner's Insurrection. Abolitionist movement started by Garrison. 1830 Hayne and Webster debate. Nullification movement in S. Carolina. 1831 The Liberator founded by Garrison. Baltimore and Ohio Railway opened. 1832 South Carolina declares Tariff Acts null and void. Revenue Collection Bill or Force Act passed. Jackson re-elected President. 1833 Clay's Compromise Tariff Act passed. Jackson re-elected President. The "Pet Banks" and the surplus. 1836 Texas declares itself independent. Representatives. Van Buren elected President. "Gag" rule adopted in House of 1837 Michigan admitted. Canadian rebellion. The Caroline affair. 1839 The "Liberty" party formed. 1840 "Log-cabin" agitation. Harrison elected President. 1841 Death of President Harrison. Tyler becomes President. Dorr Rebellion in Rhode Island. 1842 Webster-Ashburton Treaty. Frémont's explorations towards the Pacific. 1844 Polk elected President. Triumph of the Democrats. |