THE FOLLOWING IS FOR THE BENEFIT OF STUDENTS OF CIVIL GOVERNMENT.

Thomas Jefferson was an anti-slavery man. The Declaration of Independence is an anti-slavery document, as passed July 4, 1776. The following clause is from the original document, as the same was passed in general congress, July 4, 1776. This clause, which through the influence of the slave power has been omitted from the copies now printed in modern books, should be read on the Fourth of July. The edition of the Declaration of Independence, for several years, which has been read on the Fourth of July, is A SPURIOUS EDITION.

TAKEN FROM A FAC-SIMILE OF THE ORIGINAL DOCUMENT IN THE HANDWRITING OF THOMAS JEFFERSON.

"He has incited treasonable insurrections of our fellow-citizens with the allurements of forfeiture and confiscation of our property, he has constrained others, reprisals on high seas to bear arms against their country, to become the executioners of their friends and brethren, or to fall themselves by their hands. He has waged cruel war against human nature itself, violating its most sacred rights of life and liberty in the persons of distant people who never offended him, capturing and carrying them into slavery in another hemisphere, or to incur miserable death in their transportation thither. This piratical warfare, the opprobrium of infidel powers, is the warfare of the CHRISTIAN king of Great Britain (determined to keep open market where MEN should be bought and sold he has prostituted his negative for suppressing every legislative attempt to prohibit or to restrain this execrable commerce: and that this assemblage of horrors might want no part of distinguished one, he is now exciting those very people to rise in arms among us, and to purchase that liberty of which he has deprived them by murdering the people upon whom he also obtruded them: thus paying off former crimes committed against the liberties of one people, with crimes which he urges them to commit against the lives of another.)

"In every stage of these oppressions we have petitioned for redress in the most humble terms, our repeated petitions have been answered only by repeated injuries. A prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may define a tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people (who mean to be free, future ages will scarce believe that the hardiness of one man's adventures within the short compass of twelve years only to lay walled a foundation so broad and undisguised for tyranny over a people fostered and fixed in principles of freedom.)" *

* *

The following committee appointed to prepare a declaration to the effect of the said resolution "consisted of Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman and Robert R. Livingston. Mr. Jefferson and Mr. Adams acted as a sub-committee to prepare the draft; and Mr. Jefferson drew up the paper. The original draft as brought by him from his study, and submitted to the other members of the committee with interlineations in the handwriting of Franklin, and others, in that of Mr. Adams, was in Mr. Jefferson's possession at the time of his death. The merit of this paper is Mr. Jefferson's. Some changes were made in it at the suggestion of other members of the committee, and others by the congress while it was under discussion. But none of them altered the tone, the frame, the arrangement, or the general character of the instrument. As a composition, the Declaration is Mr. Jefferson's. It is the production of his mind, and the high honor of it belongs to him clearly and absolutely. Let us say, rather, that he so discharged the duty assigned him, that all Americans may well rejoice that the work of drawing the title deed of their liberties devolved upon him.

66* * * The inhabitants of the colonies, while colonies, admitted themselves bound by their allegiance to the king; but they disclaimed altogether the authority of parliament, holding themselves, in this respect, to resemble the condition of Scotland and Ireland before the respective unions of those kingdoms with England, when they acknowledge allegiance to the same king,

but each had its separate legislature.

*
*

*

The Declaration having been reported to congress by the committee, the resolution itself was taken up and debated on the first day of July, and again on the second, on which last day it was agreed to and adopted, in these words: 'Resolved, that these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent states; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British crown, and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, totally dissolved.' Having thus passed the main resolution, congress proceeded to consider the reported draught of the Declaration. It was discussed on the second and third and fourth days of the month, in committee of the whole; and on the last of those days, being reported from that committee, it received the final approbation of congress. It was ordered, at the same time, that copies be sent to the several states, and that it be proclaimed at the head of the army.'

The declaration thus published did not bear the names of the members, for as yet it had not been signed by them. It was authenticated like other papers of the congress, by the signatures of the president and secretary. On the nineteenth of July, as appears by the secret journal, congress Resolved, That the declaration passed on the fourth be fairly engrossed on parchment with the title and style of the unanimous declaration of the thirteen states of America, and that the same, when engrossed, be signed by every member of congress. And on the second day of August following, the declaration being engrossed and compared on the table, was signed by the members. So that it happens, fellow-citizens, that we pay these honors to their memory on the anniversary of that day (second of August) on which these great men actually signed their names to the declaration. The Declaration was thus made, that is, it passed and was adopted as an act of congress on the Fourth of July; it was then signed and certified by the president and secretary, like other acts. The Fourth of July, therefore, is the anniversary of the declaration; but the signatures of the members present were made to it, being then engrossed on parchment on the second day of August. Absent members afterwards signed as they came in, and indeed it bears the names of some who were not chosen members of congress until after the Fourth of July."-Speech of Daniel Webster, delivered in Faneuil Hall, on the second of August, 1826, on the death of Adams and Jefferson, who both died on July 4, 1826.

Thomas Jefferson was an anti-slavery man. He is the father of the Republican party. He was opposed to treason and rebellion against the lawful constituted authorities. He was called a Republican for his friendship for the French Republicans. He was an anti-Federalist. He and his party were called anti-Federalist Republicans, Republican-Democrats.

Jackson was the first Democratic president. The Republican party, since 1856, have been closely following the principles of Jefferson and the signers of the Declaration of Independence!

President Benjamin Harrison is a lineal descendant of Benjamin Harrison who signed the Declaration of Independence. His grandfather, William Henry Harrison, won renown in the War of 1812; and President Harrison himself fought, in the war of 1861, to save the life of the Union, so that the people have a guarantee for the loyalty and patriotism of President Harrison. Benjamin Harrison's administration has been remarkable for its vigorous foreign policy. It has gained the respect of the statesmen of the world, especially in our international difficulties with Germany, England, Canada, Italy and Chili. Every patriotic and enlightened citizen of the United States must admit this fact. Agriculture, manufactures, commerce and the general business of the country have been very prosperous under his peaceable administration.

The people should give Mr. Harrison another term to mature our reciprocity with the "Republics of America" and give protection a fair trial. What is good for the Republicans is also good for the other parties. Let us give reciprocity and protection a fair trial, for four years more, especially American tinplate. The fight for president now lies between Harrison and Cleveland. Republicans, do not throw away your votes!

You may search in vain

For as rich and fair a land

As the golden vale!

I loved to climb the mountain side,
To where the eagles flew;
My native land I love the still,-
My native land adieu!

WHY THE IRISH VOTE THE DEMOCRATIC TICKET.

THE FORCE BILL.

Jefferson, Madison, Monroe and Jackson and their party were hostile to England during the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. The Irish, who were struggling for independence at home, when they came to this country voted the Democratic ticket. But Jefferson, Madison, Monroe and Jackson encouraged American manufactures, trade and commerce. After Jackson had stamped out treason and rebellion in 1832, Calhoun and his school of free traders and extreme state-rights men gradually made the Democratic party North and South a pro-slavery, anti-protection party. The Irish stuck to the Democratic ticket because they believed that the Federal government had no power to abolish slavery in the slave states under the constitution. Moreover, the Democrats disguised their free trade principles under the name of "tariff for revenue only" or anti- protection!

In 1839, the Pope, by a solemn decree (a bull), abolished the accursed slave trade-the traffic in human flesh and blood, and in the bodies and souls of men and women!

Daniel O'Connell denounced slavery and called on his countrymen in the United States to vote against the slave party and English and American free traders. Since the passage of the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendments conscientious Irishmen, who renounced allegiance to the Queen of Great Britain, and who have sworn to support the constitution of the United States, including the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendments, believe that they are under an obligation to vote for the party who are pledged to give the colored citizens of the South their constitutional civil rights, under the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth amendments, the right to cast a free vote at the ballot box and have the same counted.

It is against religion and morals directly or indirectly to deprive a citizen of the United States of his vote by force, fraud or intimidation.

The Federal election bill only applies to the election of congressmen and president and vice president and not to state officers. The Democrats call it "the force bill." So is every act of Congress a force bill. The president is sworn to enforce all acts of Congress.

The Irish also know that the Democratic party, by unfriendly legislation, are aiding England to break down the industries of the United States and reciprocity.

President William Henry Harrison died April 14, 1841. He was succeeded by the vice president, John Tyler, of the Calhoun free trade pro-slavery school of politics, the pliant agent of the slave-holders, and of the English interests in the United States. John Tyler will be known in history as the president who made the infamous Ashburton treaty in 1842, surrendering to England the vast territory of Maine, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, with vast sea coast and fisheries. It is a fact that president William Henry Harrison, whose ancestor signed the Declaration of Independence, and who fought against England in the war of the Revolution would not surrender to England or any other power one acre of the United States. But the Calhoun slave-holders were then conspiring with England that in consideration that England would not object to the annexation of Texas, the Mexican War and the acquisition of Mexican territory the Calhoun-Buchanan slave holding Democracy would barter away the vast territory of the Northeast and Northwest to England! There is no danger that President Benjamin Harrison will surrender to any foreign power one acre of American territory, or one lots of the rights of American citizens at home or abroad! He should be elected to give reciprocity a fair trial and open a market with the "Republics of America."