LIPPINCOTT'S EDUCATIONAL SERIES EDITED BY MARTIN G. BRUMBAUGH, A.M., PH.D., LL.D. SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS, PHILADELPHIA VOLUME XII EDITED BY DR. M. G. BRUMBAUGH Superintendent of Schools Philadelphia VOLUME I Thinking and Learning to Think By NATHAN C. SCHAEFFER, Ph.D., LL.D., VOLUME II Two Centuries of Pennsylvania History By ISAAC SHARPLESS, President of Haverford VOLUME III History of Education By E. L. KEMP, A.M., Principal of State Nor mal School, East Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania. 385 pages. Cloth, $1.25. VOLUME IV Kant's Educational Theory By EDWARD FRANKLIN BUCKNER, Ph.D., Professor of Philosophy and Education in the University of Alabama. 309 pages. Cloth, $1.25. VOLUME V The Recitation By SAMUEL HAMILTON, Ph.D., Superintendent of Public Schools, Allegheny County, Pennsyl vania. 369 pages. Cloth, $1.25. VOLUME V! The Educational Process By ARTHUR CARY FLESHMAN, A.M., of State VOLUME VII The Study of Nature By SAMUEL CHRISTIAN SCHMUCKER, Ph.D., Professor of Biological Sciences in the West Chester (Pa.) State Normal School. Four fullpage plates in color and 57 line drawings. 315 pages. Cloth, $1.25. VOLUME VIII Annals of Educational Progress VOLUME IX Current Educational Activities By JOHN P. GARBER, Ph.D., Associate Superintendent of Schools, Philadelphia. Cloth, $1.25 per volume. VOLUME X The Conservation of the Child BY DR. ARTHUR HOLMES, Dean of State College, State College, Pa. 320 pages. 16 illustrations. Cloth, $1.25. AN IMPORTANT NEW BOOK FOR TEACHERS Modern Methods for Teachers By CHARLES C. BOYER, Ph.D., Professor of CURRENT ACTIVITIES AND INFLUENCES IN EDUCATION A REPORT UPON EDUCATIONAL MOVE- BEING THE THIRD VOLUME OF "THE ANNALS OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS" BY JOHN PALMER GARBER, PH.D. ASSOCIATE SUPERINTENDENT OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF PHILADELPHIA COPYRIGHT, 1913 By J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY Published October, 1913 Printed by J. B. Lippincott Company EDITOR'S PREFACE. FEW realize the significant changes that have occurred in the aim and spirit of the school within the past ten years. In educational affairs the lapse of a decade now marks a new era. So rapid is the general progress of mankind that this is also true of industrial, political, and social life. But the developments in education have this distinctive feature, they are less restricted by the stress of actual conditions than are other forms of human activity. Even under the pressure of modern competition the school finds it both possible and desirable to do something more than fit its pupils for a definite career. This is the answer to those who would insist that schooling need be little more than an apprenticeship for the shop or the counting-house. Nowhere is the world's need limited alone to trained workmen, no matter how great their skill. We need happy, contented workmen as well as skilled workmen. And nowhere shall we rise to the plane of leadership, even in industrial competitions, until we have given to our pupils not only an understanding of specific industrial problems, but also that wider and vastly more significant equipment which enables them to sense the relative value of things about them and easily to find their place in the larger social, civic, and economic environment into which they must enter. And these larger demands are, after all, more in accord with the spirit of the times. There was a day when knowledge was the only thing demanded of the school. And in a still earlier epoch even this was not deemed the need of all. When the State was everything and everything was for the State, the only training necessary for the masses was that they should learn to obey; and protection was the only right which they could claim in return. But with the growth of wealth among the common people came increase of power and by and by a voice in their own control. With the beginning of constitutional government and the introduction of the ballot, a new order of things was well under way. Now only an intelligent citizenship 271423 |