United States, or this State, or any other power, shall be eligible to the general assembly: Provided, That officers in the militia to which there is attached no annual salary, or the office of justice of the peace, shall not be deemed lucrative. 24. No person who may hereafter be a collector or holder of public moneys shall have a seat in either house of the general assembly, or be eligible to any office of trust or profit under this State, until he shall have accounted for, and paid into the treasury, all sums for which he may be accountable.

25. Each member of the general assembly shall receive a compensation to be fixed by law, for his services, to be paid out of the treasury of the State. Such compensation shall not exceed two dollars per day for the period of fifty days from the commencement of the session, and shall not exceed the sum of one dollar per day for the remainder of the session; when convened in extra session by the governor, they shall receive such sum as shall be fixed for the first fifty days of the ordinary session. They shall also receive two dollars for every twenty miles they shall travel, in going to and returning from their place of meeting, on the most usual route: Provided, however, That the members of the first Legislature under this constitution, shall receive two dollars per day for their services during the entire session.

26. To obviate confusion, and improper influences which may result from intermingling in one and the same act, such things as have no proper relation to each other, every law shall embrace but one object, which shall be expressed in the title.

27. No law of the general assembly, of a public nature, shall take effect until the same shall be published and circulated in the several counties of this state by authority: If the general assembly shall deem any law of immediate importance, they may provide that the same shall take effect by publication in newspapers in the state. }

28. No divorce shall be granted by the legislature.

29. No county or counties shall be liable for the expense

of laying out or establishing any road or roads authorized by special act of the assembly.

30. No lottery shall be authorized by this State, nor shall the sale of lottery tickets be allowed.

31. Members of the general assembly shall, before they enter upon the duties of their respective offices, take and subscribe the following oath or affirmation: "I do solemnly swear or affirm (as the case may be) that I will support the constitution of the United States and the constitution of the State of Iowa, and that I will faithfully discharge the duties of senator (or representative as the case may be) according to the best of my ability;" and members elect of the general assembly are hereby empowered to administer to each other the said oath or affirmation.

32. Within two years after the first meeting of the General Assembly, under this constitution, and within every subsequent term of four years for the term of sixteen years, an enumeration of all the white inhabitants of this State shall be made, in such manner as shall be directed by law. The number of senators and representatives shall, at the first regular session of the legislature after such enumeration, be fixed by law, and apportioned among the several counties according to the number of white inhabitants in each; and the house of representatives shall never be less than twenty-six, nor greater than thirty-nine, until the number of white inhabitants shall be one hundred and twenty-five thousand; and after that event, at such ratio that the whole number of representatives shall never be less than thirty-nine nor exceed seventy-two.

33. When a senatorial and representative district shall be composed of two or more counties, it shall not be entirely separated by any county belonging to another district; and no county shall be divided in forming a senatorial or representative district.

34. In all elections by the General Assembly the members thereof shall vote viva voce, and the votes shall be entered on the journal.

35. For the first ten years after the organization of the government, the annual salary of the Governor shall not exceed eight hundred dollars; Secretary of State, five hundred dollars; Treasurer, three hundred dollars; Auditor, five hundred dollars; Judges of the Supreme and District Courts, each, eight hundred dollars.

ARTICLE 5.

OF THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT.

1. The Supreme Executive power shall be vested in a Governor, who shall hold his office for two years, and a Lieutenant Governor shall be chosen at the same time and for the same term.

2.

No person shall be eligible to the office of Governor or Lieutenant Governor who is not a citizen of the United States, been a resident of the State two years next preceding the election, and who has not attained the age of thirty years at the time of said election.

3. The Governor and Lieutenant Governor shall be elected by the electors at times and places of choosing members of the Legislature. The persons having the highest number of votes for Governor and Lieutenant Governor shall be elected; but in case two or more have an equal and the highest number of votes for Governor or Lieutenant Governor, the Legislature shall, by joint ballot, choose one of said persons so having an equal and the highest number, for Governor or Lieutenant Governor.

4. The returns of every election for Governor and Lieutenant Governor shall be sealed up and transmitted to the Seat of Government by the returning officers, directed to the President of the Senate, who shall open and publish them in the presence of the members of both houses.

5. The Governor shall be commander-in-chief of the militia and of the army and navy of this State.

6. He shall transact all executive business with the officers

of government, civil and military; and may require information in writing from the officers in the executive department upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices.

7. He shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed. 8. When any office shall, from any cause, become vacant, and no mode is provided by the constitution and laws for filling such vacancy, the Governor shall make an appointment for such vacated office, which shall expire at the end of the next session of the General Assembly, or at the next election by the people.

9. He may, on extraordinary occasions, convene the General Assembly by proclamation, and shall state to them, when assembled, the purpose for which they shall have been convened.

IO. He shall communicate, by message to the Legislature at every session, the condition of the State, and recommend such matters to them as he shall deem expedient.

II. In case of disagreement between the two houses with respect to the time of adjournment, the Governor shall have the power to adjourn the General Assembly to such time as he may think proper, provided it be not to a period beyond the next meeting of the Legislature.

12. In case of the impeachment of the Governor, his removal from office, death, resignation or absence from the State, the powers and duties of the office shall devolve upon the Lieutenant Governor until such disability shall cease, or the vacancy be filled.

13. If, during the vacancy of the office of Governor, the Lieutenant Governor shall be impeached, displaced, resign, die, or be absent from the State, the President pro tempore of the Senate shall act as Governor until the vacancy be filled; and should a vacancy occur by the impeachment, death, resignation or absence from the State of the President pro-tempore of the Senate, the Speaker of the House of Representatives shall discharge the duties of Governor during the existence of such vacancy.

14. The Lieutenant Governor shall, by virtue of his office, be President of the Senate; in committee of the whole he may debate on all questions; and when there is an equal division he shall give the casting vote.

15. No member of Congress, nor any other person holding office under the United States or this State, shall execute the office of Governor.

16. The Governor shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons, and commute punishments after conviction, except in cases of impeachment, in such manner and upon such conditions as may be prescribed by law.

17. The Governor shall, at stated times, receive for his services a compensation which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the time for which he shall have been elected.

18. The Lieutenant Governor, except when acting as Governor, and President of the Senate pro tempore, shall each receive the same compensation as shall be allowed to the Speaker of the House of Representatives.

19. There shall be a seal of this State, which shall be kept by the Governor and used by him officially, and shall be called the great Seal of the State of Iowa.

20. All grants and commissions shall be in the name, and by the authority of the people of Iowa, sealed with the seal, signed by the Governor, and countersigned by the Secretary of State.

21. A Secretary of State, Auditor of Public Accounts, and Treasurer, shall be elected by the qualified electors at the time and place of voting for Governor, who shall continue in office two year. The Secretary of State shall keep a fair register of all the official acts and proceedings of the Governor, and shall, when required, lay the same, and all papers, minutes, and vouchers relative thereto, before either branch of the Legislature, and shall perform such other duties as shall be assigned him by law.

22. The first Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, Auditor of Public Accounts, Treasurer and Superin