son practiced medicine in Lawrence county, and for twenty-eight years in Indianapolis. During the Civil War he was surgeon of the Forty-ninth and Eightysecond Regts. Ind. Vols. He was one of the organizers of the Central College of Physicians and Surgeons, and occupied the chair of obstetrics, and subsequently was professor of diseases of the nervous system. He contributed an article to the State Society in 1882 on "Puerperal Eclampsia," Trans. 1882, 126.

PECK, SAMUEL W.-Washington (1817-1895). S. T. 1895, 413.

PENCE, ROLLIN.-Miami county (1813-1899). S. T. 1900, 333.

PENNINGTON, JOEL.-Milton (1799-1887). S. T. 1887, 199. Dr. Pennington's "President's Address," 1873, was on "Reminiscences of Practice, and Biographical Sketches of Physicians in the Early History of Indiana," Trans. 1873, 9. A portion of this paper has already been published. See JOURNAL, Vol. ii, pp. 102104. In 1877 he contributed an article on "Hereditary Transmission of Disease," Trans. 1877, 113.

PEPPER, WILLIAM J.-Connersville (1830-1892). S. T. 1893, 249.

PETTIJOHN, AMOS.-Arcadia (1815-1886). S. T. 1887, 192.

PHILLIPS, CHARLES W.-Jennings county (18591901). Removed to Colorado in 1898. Died at Rocky Ford, in that state, Sept. 25, 1901.

PHILLIPS, R. N.-Union, Pike county (1822-1885). S. T. 1886, 198.

POSEY, JOHN W.-Petersburg (1801-1884). S. T. 1886, 196.

POUCHER, CHARLES H. C.-Indianapolis (18681901). S. T. 1901, 496.

PRESTON, ALBERT G.-Greencastle (1813-1889). S. T. 1890, 153. Dr. Preston located in Greencastle in 1844, and remained there until his death. He was surgeon of the Fifty-fifth Reg. Ind. Vols. He also visited a number of battle-fields at the request of Governor Morton.

Dr. Preston reported an interesting case, "The Report of a Case of Complete Transverse Rupture of Vagina at Its Juncture with the Uterus, in Which no Hemorrhage Occurred after That Organ Was Expelled from the Body," Trans. 1882, 21. Also, "A Case of Arsenical Poisoning," Trans. 1880, 47.

PRESTON, SAMUEL C.-Greencastle (1846-1893). S. T. 1893, 253.

PRIGG, EDWARD C.-Henry county (1826-1908). J. I. S. M. A., Vol. i, 205.

PROEGLER, CARL.-Ft. Wayne (1837-1907). S. T., 1907, 472. Dr. Proegler received his medical education in Germany, located in New York in 1860, and at the beginning of the Civil War was made surgeon of the Twenty-fifth Reg. New York Vols. He located in Ft. Wayne in 1874, where he remained until his death. PUGH, JOHN W.-Upland (1827-1896). S. T. 1897, 347.

PUGH, MAHLON.-Upland 1884, 214.

(1835-1883). S. T.

S.

PUGH, WILLIAM A.-Rushville (1829-1893). T. 1895, 398. He was a practitioner of forty-two years' experience.

PURVIANCE, SAMUEL W.-Crawfordsville (18231891). S. T. 1892, 283.

RAINEY, HARVEY W.-Indianapolis (1854-1902). S. T. 1903, 353.

RANSBURG, MARTIN V.-Steuben county (18421900). S. T. 1900, 334.

REA, GEORGE N.-New Castle (1852-1885). S. T. 1885, 219.

REA, JOHN.-New Castle (1819-1899). S. T. 1899, 405. Dr. Rea practiced medicine in Henry county half a century, and no citizen of the county was held in higher esteem. In 1860 he made a "Report from the New Castle Medical Society" to the State Society, Trans. 1860, 58.

READ, EZRA.-Terre Haute (1811-1877). Dr. Read was born on a farm near Urbana, Ohio, 1811, and died in Terre Haute, May 10, 1877, of carcinoma of the stomach. He was graduated from the Athens University, Ohio, and then from the Medical College of Ohio in 1835. He practiced in Cincinnati for a short time and then left for Texas. He participated in the TexasMexican War and was made Surgeon-in-Chief of the Texan army and also of the navy. In the history of the United States the little Texas navy is absolutely unique, and few people now know anything about its existence. Dr. Read located in Paris, Ill., in 1840, and came to Terre Haute in 1844. At this time he found an active Vigo County Medical Society and took an active part in its affairs. During the Civil War he was surgeon for the Twenty-first Indiana Artillery, and later surgeon of the Eleventh Reg. Ind. Cav. He was president of the Vigo County Medical Society for two years, 1874-76. He was postmaster in Terre Haute under President Johnson. He was a great lover of books and accumulated quite a library, especially of the classics. He read Latin, Greek and French with facility and could quote endlessly in the original from Virgil, Horace and Homer. He stood high in the profession and was a great friend of the poor. The flags of the city were at half-mast at his death, and the whole community united at the funeral in honoring one who had done so much for them.-Drs. Charles N. Combs and Stephen J. Young, Terre Haute.

REASONER, WILLIAM M. Sulphur Springs (1828-1887). S. T. 1888, 202.

REEVES, URIAH G.-Clifty (1820-1882). 1883, 266.

S. T.

REILEY, WILLIAM F.-Sardinia (1828-1895). S. T., 1896, 259.

RENNER, JOHN G. E.-Indianapolis (1850-1878). S. T. 1880, 238. Dr. Renner was born in Germany,

came to America late in the sixties, graduated from the University of Louisville in 1877, and immediately began the practice of medicine in Indianapolis. "On the 27th of August, 1878, he announced his conviction that his path of duty would lead him to the succor of the victims of yellow fever at Memphis, Tenn., and, despite all the remonstrances of friends, the evening of August 29 found him domiciled in Memphis and ready with his share of help for the afflicted. He remained engaged in this self-imposed duty, rendering all the aid that stricken humanity could have expected from one man until September 11, when the relief-extending hand was itself paralyzed by the scourge whose ravages it had helped to mitigate, and after five days of torture, on Sept. 16, 1878, his light went out and his life was laid as a sacrifice upon the altar of our common humanity.”—Dr. I. A. E. Lyons.

RICHARDSON, GEORGE T.-Delphi (1834-1880). S. T. 1881, 238. Dr. Richardson served for a time as a lieutenant in the Civil War. In 1862, and again in 1872, he was elected to the legislature to represent White and Benton counties the first time cad Carroll county the second time.

RICHARDSON, NEHEMIAH.-Ve..on (1824-1899). S. T. 1900, 335.

RICHMOND, JOHN L.-Indianapolis (1785-1855). Born in Massachusetts, April 5, 1785, and died at Covington, Indiana, in October, 1855. First practiced medicine at Newtown, Ohio, where he performed a Cesarean operation, April 23, 1827. Possibly this was the first recorded case of Cesarean operation in the United States. He saved the mother but lost the child. See Western Jour. Med. and Physical Sciences, Vol. iii,

485 (1830). See same case, with comments, by G. W. H. Kemper, Indianapolis Med. Jour., Vol. xii, 376. Is mentioned in Churchill's Midwifery (1857), 363, but the author erroneously states that the child was saved.

In the early 30's Dr. Richmond removed to Pendleton, Indiana, where he assumed the pastorate of a Baptist church and practiced medicine. After a few years he removed to Indianapolis and formed a partnership with Dr. G. W. Mears. In 1842 he was stricken with paralysis, when he abandoned practice and removed to Covington, where he died and was buried. Some years later his body and also that of his wife were reinterred at Lafayette, Ind. See Dr. W. H. Wishard's paper, Trans. 1893, 24, and also in I. M. J., Vol. xi, 199 (January, 1893). Also see interesting letter by Dr. W. N. Wishard, I. M. J., Vol. xxvii, 112 (September, 1908).

RINGO, JAMES L.-Elwood (1866-1901). 1902, 422.

S. T.

ROGERS, JOSEPH H. D.-Madison (1805-1885). Was born near Lexington, Ky., in 1805. He graduated in medicine at the Transylvania University. He was a colonel in the Texan rebellion, and about 1840, permanently settled in Madison, where he established a large practice up to the time of his retirement from active practice about 1875. He was a man of large physique and strong personality, and enjoyed a rather widespread reputation as a surgeon in southern Indiana and northern Kentucky. He died at Madison in 1885. (From a letter of Dr. Clarke Rogers, Logansport, a grandson.) Dr. Rogers was present at the organization of the State Medical Society in 1849. He was the father of the late Dr. Joseph G. Rogers.

ROGERS, JOSEPH G. (1841-1908). Dr. Rogers was a native of Indiana, and all his medical services were given to the afflicted of his native state. The mention of his name calls up a vision of a Hospital for the Insane. He graduated in medicine in 1864, and was immediately commissioned as an acting assistant surgeon, United States army, on duty at Madison, Ind. This position he filled until the close of the war. In 1875-76 he was Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics in the Indiana College of Physicians and Surgeons. From 1879 to 1883 he was superintendent of the Indiana Hospital for Insane at Indianapolis. He was Medical Engineer on the Board of Commissioners for Additional Hospitals for Insane from its organization in 1883 up to the completion of the new hospitals in 1888; at the same time he was Superintendent of Construction for the Northern Hospital (Longcliff), and on its completion was appointed Medical Superintendent, a position he held continuously until the date of his death.

Dr. Rogers was the first to make a quantitative chemical examination of the waters of Orange county, and suggested the name, "Pluto's Well." He devised a method for preventing the incrustations in boilers which became commercially successful.

Logansport has given (The Journal of the Indian State Medical Association, May, 1908, 205) a valuable epitome of the life and professional work of Dr. Rogers, from which I have largely extracted this,sketch, and to which the reader is referred for fuller information. Also to Stone, 428. Also a tribute "In Memoriam," by Dr. Samuel E. Smith, I. M. J., Vol. xxvi, 450. ROOKER, JAMES I.-Castleton (1833-1896). Dr. Rooker was assistant surgeon of the Eleventh Reg. Ind. Vols. from 1861 to 1863. From 1875 to 1879 he lectured on physical diagnosis at the College of Physicians and Surgeons. He was one of the founders of the Central College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1879, and again lectured on physical diagnosis. His papers before the State Society were on "Camp Diarrhea." Trans. 1864, 33; “A Few Thoughts on How to Obtain Practice," 1873, 95; "The Indiscriminate Use of Hypodermic Medication," 1877, 89; "The Medical Properties of Fraxinus Americanus," 1886, 48; and “Thirtythree Years a Country Doctor," 1889, 121. For biography see I. M. J., Vol. xiv, 444. Stone (with portrait), 428.

ROSE, MADISON H.-Thorntown (1832-1904). S. T. 1905, 456. Dr. Rose graduated from the medical department of the University of Buffalo in 1861. He was surgeon of the Fifty-third Reg. Ind. Vols. from March, 1863, to April, 1865.

(To be continued)

LEAD POISONING; REPORT OF A CASE.
E. M. HOOVER, M.D.
ELKHART, IND.

On the afternoon of October 29 I was called to see a farmer lad of 14 years, sick in bed, with the following symptoms: temperature, 102 degrees, pulse 120, and respirations 28 per minute. He complained of dizziness, a frontal headache, pain and stiffness in his neck, colicky pain in the abdomen, and a numbness and tingling in the left arm. He was very restless, frequently turning from side to side. He had first mentioned his indisposition on the evening of October 27, but said that he had had the dizziness and pains in the head, neck and abdomen during the two or three days previous. He had had no bowel movement from October 24 to 28, when a movement was secured by rectal enema. His temperature on the evening of October 27 was 101 degrees; the morning and the evening temperature on the fol

Various other articles on a diversity of subjects have been contributed by Dr. Rogers. Dr. Robert Hessler of

respectively; on October 29 the morning temperature was 101 degrees. His appetite had not been deranged greatly, but the tongue was coated heavily and his breath foul.

At the time of my first visit the father expressed some anxiety on account of the symptoms in the arm. He feared it might prove to be a case of infantile paralysis, of which there are a number of cases in the vicinity of Elkhart. He was told that his suspicions were not unfounded, but that typhoid fever must also be thought of.

I did not see the patient on October 30, but was informed that by evening of that day his temperature had declined to normal. The left arm was weaker and the patient was not able to get up alone. The next day I saw the patient and found his left arm paralyzed to the elbow and the extensor muscles of the forearm partially affected. The pains in the abdomen had subsided somewhat, but the stiffness in the neck had increased. His temperature was normal, the pulse 100, and respirations 28 per minute. He complained of having difficulty in swallowing and of being unable to cough. Respiration was characterized by a very short expiration, the ratio of inspiration to expiration being about 3 to 2. By November 1 the motor paralysis had involved his entire left arm, with the exception that a slight motion was possible in the fingers. The right arm was also partially paralyzed. There were periods of great restlessness, especially at night. When raised to a sitting position, he complained of pain in the outer anterior aspect of the right thigh. November 2 saw no change in the patient's condition from the previous day, excepting that the left arm was weaker and that there was a tendency to opisthotonos. The pupillary reactions were normal, but Trousseau's sign was present and there were marked tremors of the tongue when extended. The muscles of the left arm reacted weakly to the faradic current, but the reaction time was very slow. The right arm reacted stronger and more quickly. I believed the case to be one of acute anterior poliomyelitis, although somewhat atypical.

At this point in my narration I received from a brother physician the suggestion that the case might be one of lead poisoning, he having knowledge of similar cases thought to be due to a solution of some lead salt used in spraying fruit trees. I began an investigation which disclosed the fact that my patient had for three months daily been eating fruit from trees sprayed with a solution of lead arsenate (1.5 pounds to fifty gallons of water). He had helped in applying the spray to the trees about June 10; some time later he had assisted, on two different occasions, to spray the potatoes. At every instance he had operated the handle of the sprayer. On November 3 I noticed, for the first time, that the skin

over the affected limbs was very hot, while the temperature under the tongue was subnormal (97.6 degrees). The left hand had regained some motion, the pain in the abdomen had subsided, the patient was able to cough, and swallowing was less difficult. By November 5 Trousseau's sign had disappeared, the pain he had experienced in his left arm on passive motion had almost subsided, and some improvement was noticed in both arms. The neck was less stiff and there was no pain in the right lower limb when he sat up in bed. On November 6 a report was received from the department of pathology of Indiana University stating that the patient's urine had given a positive reaction for lead.

On November 25 the patient was able to walk a few steps, but he could not rise from a sitting position without assistance. On this day he went to the table for the first time since becoming ill and was able to feed himself with his right hand by using the forearm as a lever over the edge of

the table as a fulcrum.

Since that time there has been great improvement. At present, Feb. 21, 1910, his right arm has gained in strength so that he is able to help himself generally. He combs and washes himself. and with a little assistance is able to dress and undress. In his left upper limb he has regained, though to a limited degree, such movements as rotation, pronation, supination, and flexion, but is still unable to use that limb to any considerable extent. The adductor and extensor muscles of

the right thigh had also been slightly affected, but these have almost completely recovered. There has developed in the spinal region a deformity characterized by an undue prominence of the lower cervical and the upper three dorsal spines, caused, as I believe, by the paralysis of some of the muscles of that region.

The prognosis for complete recovery is favorable, but the reparative process may take a long time.

MELENA NEONATORUM, WITH A
REPORT OF TWO CASES.
GEO. B. LAKE, M.D.
WOLCOTTVILLE, IND.

Melena, or a discharge of altered blood from the stomach and bowels, particularly the latter, has been known for a long time, but, so far as I am able to ascertain from the literature at my disposal, it is only comparatively recently that the occurrence of this condition in the new-born has been recognized and reported.

Hooper, in his "Lexicon Medicum" (4th American Edition, 1832), defines the word as "the black vomit-the black disease," and seems to associate it with yellow fever. He says: "The malaria which produces intermittent, remittent and other fevers occasionally becomes so powerful, or produces such a corrupted or infected state of the atmosphere, as to induce black vomiting and yellow fevers, as was long since noticed by Hippocrates." He makes no mention of such a condition in the new-born, nor do Maygrier (1833) nor Blundel (1834) in their text-books on midwifery, nor Eberle in his work "On Children" (1834) nor Hunter in his treatise "On the Blood" (1840); neither is it spoken of by Allchin in his article on melena in "Quain's Dictionary of Medicine" (1885). Such files of old medical journals (from 1835 to 1845) as my library contains show no reference to the subject. In fact, so far as I am able to discover, the literature is very scant up to the last five or ten years, since when a good deal of attention has been given to the matter. The best text-book description I have found is in Holt.1

The cause of the malady is still in doubt. Lop voices the opinion that most cases of true melena are of syphilitic origin, but the consensus of opinion seems to be against this view and in favor of some form of infection as the cause, though most observers admit the possibility of syphilitic origin in some cases. The idea that this infection may be from any of the pus cocci or the colon bacillus is quite widely received.

Kilham and Marcelis found in these cases an organism resembling the pneumococcus which they believed to be specific; and Gaertner isolated a short bacillus, resembling the colon bacillus, which produced gastro-intestinal hemorrhage when injected into puppies, and could be isolated from the blood of these animals. However, the specificity of these organisms is not established.

In some of the earlier communications it was suggested that this affection might be a manifestation of hemophilia, but this idea is no longer held widely, owing to the fact that melena neonatorum occurs with about equal frequency in the two sexes, while hemophilia is thirteen times more frequent in boys than in girls. Also in many cases which show signs of hemophilia in later life there was no hemorrhage at the time of birth, and, on the other hand, in most cases of early hemorrhage which recover there is no evidence of hemophilia as they grow older, this tendency appearing to be strictly limited to the first week or ten days of life.

With regard to frequency of occurrence it is rather rare in private practice, occurring about

once in 1,000 or 1,500 births, but it is more common in institutions (from 0.6 to 8.0 per cent), and seems, at times, to run in epidemics, which, however, are entirely apart from puerperal sepsis. Kilham and Marcelis report an epidemic showing 10 cases in 54 births in a New York maternity, which was promptly checked by isolating the sufferers.

The mortality is very high, being variously stated by different authors as from 50 to 79 per cent. Shukowsky had a mortality of 62 per cent. in his 29 cases. Machell lost just 50 per cent. of his 14 cases. In Townsend's series of 709 cases he reports a mortality of 79 per cent. Holt says: "No observer has seen more than onethird of his cases recover."

Most observers agree that the condition is selflimited, and yet no one would neglect to institute treatment which appeared to be appropriate to the case in hand. The forms of treatment recommended are almost as various as the writers on the subject, though nearly all are in favor of the use of the calcium salts, some recommending the chlorid and some (the later writers, as a rule) the lactate, either administered hypodermically or by mouth in doses of 1/2 to 2 grains daily of the chlorid or 2 to 5 grains of the lactate. Shukowsky recommends one-drop doses of tinct. ferri. chlor. in gruel every hour or two, and lavage of the stomach and intestines with cool physiologic salt solution. Hirst speaks in favor of two-grain doses of gallic acid by mouth and ergotin hypodermically. Lop, as is natural from his view of the etiology, says that all cases should receive antisyphilitic treatment, and so on. All urge the necessity of keeping up nutrition by careful feeding and the use of stimulants and warm applications to the extremities as needed. A number have used the preparations of the suprarenal gland with good effect.

The cases I am about to report illustrate two types of the disease.

CASE 1. The mother was a short, plump. healthy woman, 29 years old, a primipara, with pelvic measurements about normal. The father was a huge man, 6 ft. 2 in. tall and weighing 275 pounds. The family history for several generations back was good, and I am certain that syphilis was not a factor.

The child, a boy weighing 8 pounds, was born on Oct. 10, 1905, after a long, hard labor, where forceps were used and the head extensively molded. Respiration was established with some difficulty, but proceeded regularly when once started. Considerable chloroform was used during the last three hours of the labor.

The child was put to the breast six or eight hours after birth and nursed regularly; the only