ILLINOIS physicians have every reason to feel disgraced over the report of the Carnegie Foundation concerning medical education in Illinois and the enforcement of the medical practice laws by the Illinois State Board of Health. Even Louisville, for many years known as the medical diploma mill of the country, does not come in for such a scoring as the following, taken from the report:

"The City of Chicago is, in respect to medical education, the plague spot of the country. The state law is fairly adequate, for it empowers the board of health to establish a standard of preliminary education, laboratory equipment and clinical facilities, thus fixing the conditions which shall entitle a school to be considered reputable. In pursuance of these powers the board has made the four-year high school or its equivalent the basis and has enumerated the essentials of the

medical course, including, among other things, clinical instruction through two annual terms.

"With the indubitable connivance of the state board these provisions are and have long been flagrantly violated. Of the fourteen undergraduate medical schools above described the majority exist and prepare candidates for the Illinois state board examinations in unmistakable contravention of the law and the state board rules. These schools are as follows: (1) Chicago College of Medicine and Surgery (Valparaiso University), (2) Hahnemann Medical College, (3) Hering Medical College, (4) Illinois Medical College, (5) Bennett Medical College, (6) Physio-Medical College of Medicine and Surgery, (7) Jenner Medical College, (8) National Medical University, (9) Reliance Medical College, (10) Littlejohn College of Osteopathy. Of these only one, the National Medical University, has been deprived of "good standing" by the state board. Without exception a large proportion of their attendance offers for admission an "equivalent," which is not an equivalent in any sense whatsoever; it is, nevertheless, accepted without question by the state board, though the statute explicitely states that it can exact an equivalent by "satisfactory" examination. In the case of the night schools, for instance, one or two years' requirements are satisfied by "coaching" one night a week in each of the several subjects; one evening is devoted to Latin, the next to English, the next to mathematics. There is absolutely no guarantee that the candidate accepted on the equivalent basis has had an education even remotely resembling the high school training which the Illinois law intends as the minimum upon which it will recognize a candidate for the physician's license. If the state board should-as in

duty bound-publicly brand these schools as "not in good standing," by reason of their failure to require a suitable preliminary education of their students, their graduates would be immediately excluded from practice in Illinois; adjoining states would rapidly follow suit, with the result that the schools would shortly be exterminated. Fortunately the case against them does not rest alone on the question of entrance requirements, for not a single one of the schools mentioned furnishes clinical opportunities in proper abundance, and some of them even fail to provide the stipulated training in other branches, e. g., anatomy. An efficient and intelligent administration of the law would thus reduce in short order the medical schools of Chicago to three, Rush, Northwestern and the College of Physicians and Surgeons."

The report further says that the College of Physicians and Surgeons and the medical department of Northwestern University should greatly strengthen their laboratory instructions, and these two colleges, together with Rush, should strengthen their clinical instruction.

The question now arises, Will the diploma mills of Chicago be closed up or raise their standard so that they can be classed as at least creditable, and will the Illinois State Board of Health, which has been criminally lax in the matter of the enforcement of the medical practice act, assist in the cleaning-up process?

DEATHS

DR. JAMES C. TAYLOR, of Richmond, died at the Franklin, Ohio, sanatorium August 26. He was a native of Ohio and a veteran of the Civil War, having served with an unusually brilliant record.

DR. THOMAS CAMMACK, of Milford, the oldest practicing physician in the state, died at his home July 9. He had practiced for more than half a century in Milford. Dr. Cammack was born at Georgetown, D. C., March 4, 1822. He graduated from the George Washington University in 1845. He practiced in Ann Arbor, Mich., Valparaiso, Warsaw, Leesburg, and Milford, coming to the latter place in 1851, residing there until his death.

DR. HIRAM BURTON died at his home near Somerville, August 17, after a lingering illness with Bright's disease. Dr. Burton was born at Winchester, Va., April 22, 1832, coming with

his brothers to Xenia, Ohio, while still quite young. Later he came to Indiana, where he resided until his death. He was engaged in the practice of medicine until three or four years ago, when he was obliged to give up active work on account of failing health.

DR. WILLIAM WANDS, of Indianapolis, died August 25. Dr. Wands was born in 1836 and settled in Indianapolis in 1848. During the Civil War he was an assistant surgeon. After the war he again settled in Indianapolis and was a partner of Dr. John A. Sutcliffe for thirty years. Dr. Wands was a witness in the celebrated Clem murder trial, having heard the shots fired. During most of his professional career he wore the broadcloth frock coat, white tie and silk hat of the "old school."

NEWS. NOTES AND COMMENTS

DR. JOSEPH H. WEINSTEIN, of Terre Haute, has recently returned from a European trip.

DR. EARLE GREEN, of Muncie, has been commissioned a captain in the Medical Corps, Indiana National Guard.

THE first meeting of the International Medical Association for the Prevention of War will be held in Paris in 1911.

THE next meeting of the Eleventh Councilor District Medical Society will be held in Per, Ind., October 20, 1910.

DR. A. S. DICKY, of Tipton, was elected president of the Ninth Councilor District Medical Society at the last meeting.

DR. J. RILUS EASTMAN, of Indianapolis, has recently returned from a month's vacation at Ocean Grove, New Jersey.

THE annual recreation meeting of the Laporte County Medical Society was held at Pine Lake Inn, Thursday, August 11, 1910.

DR. LILLIAN MUELLER, the house physician of the Women's Hospital, Detroit, has returned to Indianapolis to practice medicine.

DR. KENT K. WHEELOCK, Fort Wayne, is in Europe. He will devote two or three months to sight seeing and post graduate work.

THE second annual meeting of the American Association of Clinical Research will be held in Boston on September 28 and 29, 1910.

DR. P. B. CARTER, of Macy, while attempting to untangle some telephone wires in front of his home recently, fell and broke his arm.

DR. F. A. TUCKER, of Noblesville, returned August 20 from Harvard Medical College, where he has been doing post-graduate work in diseases of the chest.

DR. F. M. SHOOK, Medical Corps, United States Navy, has been detailed to conduct lecture and laboratory courses at the New York PostGraduate Medical School during the months of August and September.

FOUNDER'S DAY was commemorated at Dr. W. B. Fletcher's Sanatorium, Indianapolis, August 18, 1910, in honor of the life and work of Dr. William Baldwin Fletcher, born August 18, 1837, who died April 25, 1907.

BLOOMINGTON, Newcastle and other cities in Indiana have had typhoid epidemics recently. In nearly every water analysis made by the state laboratory it was found that the infection was due to vaults in the immediate neighborhood of the wells.

DR. GEO. B. LAKE, of Wolcottville, Ind., received an appointment on July 7 as first lieutenant in the medical reserve corps of the United States Army, and left early in September for Washington, where he will enter the army medical school for an eight months' course, after which he will be subject to orders.

DR. H. W. WILEY, the United States Chemist and Pure Food Advocate, is coming to Indiana in September and October to deliver addresses at

A TYPICAL sanitary camp is to be established at Fort Benjamin Harrison. Col. L. M. Maus, assistant surgeon general, United States Army, will be in charge. War has been declared against the house fly and every known means will be used to exterminate it. All food supplies are to be screened and covered until eaten; all garbage is to be burned at once or placed in fly-tight containers, and even the latrines will be made flyproof. By this means it is hoped that typhoid will be eliminated from this maneuver camp, which will be composed of 15,000 soldiers of the regular army as well as the militia of Indiana, Ilinois, Wisconsin, Ohio and Kentucky.

THE annual meeting of the Board of State Charities was held in Marion, September 10 to 13. The following program was carried out: Saturday evening, September 10, address by S. E. Smith, president of the conference, and an address of welcome by the mayor; reception to delegates. Sunday, addresses by Governor Marshall and by Jane Addams, of Hull House, Chicago. Monday morning, round tables; afternoon, meeting of committee on county and township charities, W. H. Eichhorn, of Bluffton, presiding. Papers were presented by Mrs. Caroline Bartlett Crane, of Kalamazoo, Mich., and Dr. Miles F. Porter, of Fort Wayne. The evening session was devoted to a general discussion of state charities, with an illustrated lecture by Miss Mary T. Wilson, Indianapolis. Tuesday, round tables all the forenoon. Visits were made to local institutions

in the afternoon, and at the evening session addresses were presented by Mrs. Albion Fellows Bacon, of Evansville, and Ernest P. Bicknell, national director of the American Red Cross Society.

SOCIETY PROCEEDINGS

HUNTINGTON COUNTY

The Huntington County Medical Society entertained the members of the Wells County Society August 16. Dr. S. A. Shoemaker, of Poneto, read an interesting paper on Ocular Defects and Their Causal Relation to Reflex Neuroses. Dr. Shoemaker brought out the fact that many nervous symptoms as well as gastric neuroses were relieved by the proper fitting of glasses. He also stated that migraine in very many cases is relieved by relieving the eyestrain.

The paper was discussed by Drs. C. H. Good, G. E. Fulton and Maurice H. Krebs.

Dr. E. W. Poinier, of Andrews, read a paper on Placenta Prævia, with report of a case. Dr. Poinier called attention to the disadvantages of the country practitioner when he meets a case of placenta prævia. He must meet the conditions in a far different way than the man in the city who has the surgeon at his elbow as well as every hospital facility. Discussed by Drs. J. W. McKinney, Ervin Wright, W. C. Chafee and C. L. Wright.

The scientific session was followed by an old-fashioned chicken dinner. Dr. Ira E. Perry, of Bippus, welcomed the Wells County members, and Dr. J. W. McKinney, of Bluffton, responded in behalf of Wells County.

discussed. Dr. Bounnell's paper on Placenta Prævia created a great deal of interest. He recommended immediate action in all cases of central implantation as soon as diagnosis is made, and temporizing treatment admissible in lateral implantations only when patient is within easy reach of her physician.

Dr. Barcus read a paper on multiple fracture of the patella and reported a case. The doctor recommends the immediate suturing and the open method unless specially contraindicated by patient's condition. Special attention given to cleaning the joint of clots without irrigation, freeing the broken edges of periosteum or other intervening substances and perfect adaptation of bone with silver or aluminum wire, and accurate adaptation of periosteum with catgut. Immobilize the joint, but use passive motion as indications will allow. This paper was recommended to the program committee of the State Association as being worthy of a place on the program at the September session.

The Perry County Medical Society met at Tell City, August 25. After transacting its routine business and enrolling two new members, Drs. Dillis Connor and Walter Cluthe, it adjourned until afternoon.

On reconvening, Dr. W. R. Davidson, councilor of the First District of Indiana, gave a talk on the advantages of organization; also speaking of the growth in membership in medical societies in the state, of the importance of physicians attending regularly the meetings of local medical societies, and the interest that physicians are taking in sanitary matters for the public good. He also stated that every vocation is now becoming well organized, and through organization gaining what single-handed could not be accomplished, and that therefore medical men ought also to belong to a strong and well conducted association.

Dr. A. M. Hayden, of the Crescent Sanitarium, Evansville, read a paper on "Appendicitis." Dr. A. J. Knapp, of Evansville, gave an informal talk.

Dr. William Cluthe, Secretary of the City Board of Health, said he asked the question at the last session of the Health Officers' meeting at Indianapolis, with reference to tubercle bacilli in the sputum, as to the number required to diagnose tuberculosis. Up to date no answer received. In sending specimen in for examination, the report came back Negative, "a few bacilli present." The question is, how many bacilli are required to make a positive diagnosis.

Several physicians spoke of the requests from the State Board of Health with reference to more definite death causes. The subject of membership in the American Medical Association without being a subscriber to THE JOURNAL was also spoken of.

The society voted that the present Secretary of the State Association be retained in office as long as he desired the position. The society also placed itself on record as favoring the separate offices of Secretary and Editor of THE JOURNAL. Adjourned.

CHAS. M. BRUCKER, Secretary.

PORTER COUNTY

The Porter County Medical Society met in regular session June 7 with President Take in the chair. A case with cardiac lesion following scarlatina was presented. After being examined by different members of the society, three months' rest in bed was advised.

Dr. Dobbins, of Wheeler, read a paper on "Acute Ileocolitis in Children." Discussion. Dr. Take, of Valparaiso, read a paper on "Chronic Gastritis," in which he advised more laboratory work and more accurate diagnosis by the general practitioner.

The Flexner report on medical colleges was sharply criticized by several members. Adjourned.

G. R. DOUGLAS, Secretary.

Meeting of July 5

Porter County Medical Society met in regular session with Vice-President Nesbitt in the chair. The time of meeting of the society was changed from the first Tuesday of the month, 2 p. m., to the first Monday, 8 p. m., in the hope that attendance would increase, as it would not conflict with office hours.

Dr. F. M. Mitchell, of Valparaiso, read a paper on "Corneal Ulcer," which was of value to the general practitioner. Dr. J. A. Ryan, of Valpraiso, read a paper on "Enuresis in Children." Discussion. Adjourned.

G. R. DOUGLAS, Secretary.

The regular meeting of the Spencer County Medical Society was held August 23, at the office of Dr. McClary, Dale. Minutes of last meeting read and approved. The applications of Drs. Bean, Bradley and Maslowskey were received and placed with the board of censors. The paper of Dr. H. Q. Weiss on Ophthalmia was selected to be read at the district meeting to be held at Evansville in November. A number of cases were presented. Visitors present, Drs. W. S. Bryant, Dale; A. M. Bean, Chrisney; L. B. Knebler, J. P. Salb, and E. A. Sturm, of Jasper, and H. C. Knapp, Huntingburg.

Dr. McClary read a paper on "Tuberculosis," which was prepared for the I. O. O. F. sanatorium commission. Discussion. Dr. N. A. James read a paper on "Malarial Fever." Discussion.

ALBERT E. BULSON, Jr., B.S., M.D.. Editor and Manager

VOLUME III

ADDRESS

ADVANCING STANDARDS IN MEDICAL PRACTICE*

T. C. KENNEDY, M.D.

President Indiana State Medical Association
INDIANAPOLIS

I wish at this moment, gentlemen, to thank you sincerely for the honor you have conferred upon me. I want to assure you, and I know that you feel assured that my expression of gratitude comes from a grateful heart.

The position of president of this society is one entitled to great esteem and he is lukewarm, indeed, who fails to appreciate the dignity it bears. It is an office filled with hope, expectation, trust and confidence. It brings its cares, its misgivings and its disappointments as well as its pleasures, its ambitions, its joys and labor, the last of which has been a delightful task. During the year I have had the privilege of attending the meeting of many county societies and the meetings of nine of the district societies. These meetings were well attended and the subjects comprising the programs were well handled and enthusiastically discussed. I compliment the members of these societies for the splendid work they are doing.

It is rather a peculiar fact that but few men in any profession. measure up to the full standard of expectation when they are made the presiding head of an organized body, this mainly for the reason that there are those so constituted that they are never satisfied. We all have our likes and dislikes, call them "whims" if you will; they cling to us whether they be good or bad. We have our opinions; we look at conditions from

*President's address read before the Indiana State Medical Association, at the Annual Session held in Fort Wayne, Sept. 29, 1910.

NUMBER 10

different view points; we observe from many angles; we travel diverging roads of inquiry, yet we are striving to reach the same conclusion. If I have differed from you in any of our aims or understandings it has not been from any selfish motive or purpose but simply because all men do not see alike, each of us being entitled to our opinions as well as our sentiments which we should be honest enough to express clearly and openly.

We are living in a wonderful age and a more wonderful day. Never was there a time when the minds of men were so engrossed in the solving of great and live problems as now and never before. were there so many great and vital problems to be solved. Room for advancement and golden opportunites for achievement are observed on every hand by the inquiring mind. Scarcely a day but what heralds the accomplishment of a heretofore seemingly impossible result. Science and scientific men think, act, speak, and lo, wonders are performed. Apparently in a day cities and even countries that through ignorance have remained in mediaeval darkness and almost uninhabitable by white men are made places of pleasure in which to live. Where pestilential fevers and their long train of kindred ills have swept their thousands of victims into crowded graves there now blushes the rose, the lily breathes out its fragrance and climatic conditions prevail that are more marvelous than the fancied stories of the wildest imagination-marvelous and wonderful because they are true. And I am proud to say that the real potential power that is moving this transformation scene is the medical profession of America.

So fast are new discoveries, new developments and new results brought before us that they "do tread upon each others heels." In this whirlwind of activities our profession is not caught up and smothered for want of preparation to receive