economical and perhaps effectual method, the erection of a chimney on the north wall of the church, with an Arnott's or other stove immediately adjoining, and connected by a pipe, into which chimney underground flues connected with other stoves in different parts of the church might be opened; care only being taken that the stove nearest the aperture be lighted, first to create a draught, and prevent the others smoking. It was observed, that no definite plan hitherto had been projected for warming S. Mary's, Aylesbury; and that a very considerable portion of expense might be spared, if some apparatus were carried out simultaneously with the other work.

It was resolved, that a report of the proceedings of the Society during the past year, including a statement of the accounts, be printed and circulated in the county.

REVIEW.

The Churches of the Middle Ages, &c. By HENRY BOWMAN and J. S. CROWTHER, Architects, Manchester.

We have only to repeat our commendation of the further parts of this beautiful series that have appeared. They are fully equal to their predecessors, and possess the greatest value as accurate illustrations of some of the finest examples of our old churches.

The plates published since our former notice are twelve in number, comprising a south-west perspective view of S. Mary, Temple Balsall ; a plan of the same- —(very curious, showing the original levels, the two priest's-doors, and the platform before the alleged lychnoscopic window); east, west and south elevations, and two plates of details of the same chapel; besides a west elevation, and five plates of details, of S. Andrew, Heckington-the latter interesting as showing the Flamboyantizing character of the example.

We must repeat our advice to Messrs. Bowman and Crowther to adopt a more intelligible alphabet: and, we would add, an uniform scale for the details.

NEW CHURCHES.

All Saints, Margaret Street, London.-The site for this new church by Mr. Butterfield, to which we have already made allusion, will within a few days of our publication be cleared, and the work immediately proceeded with. The founders and the architect of this church are anxious to make it a practical example of what we are very anxious to see tested, viz., constructional polychrome. The material of the building, and of the appended clergy and chorister-houses is to be red and black brick,

arranged in patterns, with stone windows and bonding in the church. Internally there is to be a use of coloured marble, which was of course impossible in the middle ages. Geometrical mosaic-work in tiles is also to be introduced, and above all, the building is to be arranged with a view to frescoes of a high order of art. Those in the chancel are to be immediately undertaken by Mr. Dyce. The painted glass for the principal windows, which was to have been the work of the lamented Henry Gérente, is to be intrusted to his brother and successor.

S.- Watermore, Cirencester.-We have received a letter from the esteemed incumbent of Cirencester with respect to our criticism of this church in our last number, besides other communications on the subject. Mr. Powell informs us that what we took for a sacristy, and reprehended accordingly, is in reality a north chancel aisle; and its eastern door merely a door provided for its communication with a north-east sacristy, contemplated but not yet built. This of course is satisfactory: the spire it seems also is not yet built; and the sanctebell cote is defended, not only as being meant to hold a bell until a peal can be provided for the tower, but for other reasons which we cannot do better than give in Mr. Powell's own words.

"You say there is a kind of sancte-bell cot, of which we know not the use.' The intended use is what the name designates. It is to contain a bell. Perhaps it may be long ere we have bells in the tower; but be that as it may, it is a practice in our parish to sound a bell for special purposes connected with the services." There is a distinct ser mon bella distinct bell is sounded as the Priest enters the church. You are aware too that in the Prayer Book of King Edward VI., there is a rubric after Matins ended, the people being called together by the ringing of a bell, and assembled in the church, the English Litany shall be said after the accustomed manner.' I have no pretension to speak as an ecclesiologist, but as an ecclesiastic I may beg to suggest for consideration, whether the practice of a parish, and the provision of the earlier Prayer Book, may not sanction the use of a distinct bell, and if so the application of a distinct bell cot, for a distinct purpose. I do not suppose you would object to a bell cot co-existent with a tower, since this Diocese has abundant examples, nor do I suppose you would object to our denominating it a bell cot,' simply, without the

'sancte.'

From another quarter we hear of the universal richness and goodness of the detail employed, as well as the sacrifices by which this church was built; and altogether we are inclined to regret that we had not better materials before us for our review. Still we have one very important observation to make; that we claim the right of freely commenting on views of churches which may fall in our way. Circumstances have made the majority of our writers less able than they once were to travel about and see new churches with their own eyes. As the next best thing we intend to criticise the published views of such churches, whether good, bad, or indifferent. We never fail to say that it is from an engraving or lithograph that we review, whenever we have neither the testimony of our own eyes, nor the actual working drawings. In such cases, moreover, we never criticise anything beyond

the form, general style, and distribution of the structure; which, it is clear, can generally be judged of even from very inferior illustrations. We have been reminded in this particular case, (as indeed, in other cases, where other architects have been concerned,) that it would not have been difficult to have obtained, from the founder or architect, accurate drawings or information; in reply to this, we must urge once for all, that in ordinary cases this is not our province. It must be generally known by this time, that we are always most glad to receive from any quarter working-drawings for criticism. It is inconceivable that we should prefer to review from an unscientific perspective rather than from working-drawings, if we had the choice. The inference is, that we are not to blame for reviewing from what Mr. Powell calls unarchitectural and unauthorized sketch," but rather that the blame, if anywhere, should fall on those who might, by sending us the actual drawings, have secured as careful and impartial a criticism as it is in our power to bestow.

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We shall certainly consider it a duty to examine this church with our own eyes, if ever we have the opportunity; and meanwhile, were we favoured with its drawings, would gladly do full justice to any merits that were omitted in the "north-west view," upon which alone the remarks in our last number were based.

S. Matthew, Leeds.-We have examined with great pleasure the designs for this new church, by Mr. Burleigh, which exhibit considerable ability, especially as they are to be carried out for the very moderate sum of £2,800. For this comparatively trifling estimate Mr. Burleigh has furnished a handsome and dignified Middle-Pointed church, composed of a nave with five bays, (71 feet by 22,) aisles (12 by 9 feet broad,) tower and spire engaged at the west end of the south aisle, well proportioned chancel, (36 feet by 19,) with a south aisle of a single bay, and sacristy-the whole to hold 700 persons. The ogee line has been studied in the tracery throughout. The east window is to be of five, and the west of four lights, those in the aisles of two, varying in the heads, as also those on the north and south of the sanctuary, but with more elaborate heads. The pillows are octagonal. The clerestory of the nave is of circles, alternately filled with a trefoil and a quatrefoil. All the roofs will be open and of simple construction, that of the nave composed of braces, collar, queenpost and struts, that of the chancel of intersecting braces. The tower is, as we have said, engaged at the west end of the south aisle, and forms the porch, (there being no west door). There are single-light windows to the ringers' story, to the west and south. The belfry story is (unfortunately) partly above and partly below the line of the nave ridge. It is lighted with two single-light windows, with traceried heads. The spire is of stone, and broached, with two light spire-lights between the haunches. S. Mary Magdalene, Chapel and Schools, Chiswick.-In the midst of a needy district of the suburban village of Chiswick, the pious munificence of two individuals has erected this interesting group; and we are glad to add, that the intentions of the founders have been worthily carried out. The present buildings occupy the eastern portion of a square plat of ground, upon the western portion of

which, it is, we are informed, proposed to raise an almshouse for twelve widows, and upon the northern a dwelling for the priest. The chapel is properly the most conspicuous object alike from its central position, its more costly construction, and its height. It consists of three bays, with a north aisle of two bays, a south of one, (both at the eastern extremity,) and a bell-turret attached to the north-west angle. The school-house for infants extends at right angles from the south aisle, having the residence of the mistress incorporated with it; a smaller school-room in like manner opens from the north aisle. The material of both schools is brick, and the style Third-Pointed. The chapel is of rag, with Caen stone dressing. Its eastern elevation presents the altar window in the centre, an unequal triple lancet; and on either side, separated by a buttress, the single narrow lancet of the aisle. The high-pitched roof spans the whole, an arrangement in this case, (owing to the exceeding narrowness of the aisles,) demanding very slight deviation from its original inclination. The west end of the chapel presents an equal triplet of lancets, and above this, a vesica window: the aisles, not appearing of course in the foreground of this view, are each terminated towards the west by a doorway, surmounted by a small triangular window. The bell turret, which is hexagonal, contains the principal entrance, and rises in stone one additional story: it then gives support to an open wooden lancet-arched belfry, this again terminates in a somewhat lofty spirelet covered with shingle; the whole decidedly picturesque. Both gables of the chapel, and the apex of the little spire are crowned with appropriate crosses. The first objects presented on passing through the north-west door, are the bell ropes hanging within the turret, and the alms box adjoining. The interior of the chapel is lofty; the roof exhibiting collars and arched braces; the floor of the middle alley is paved with plain tiles, that of the sanctuary is enriched with patterns. In either side wall towards the west are two windows, each divided into two lights with a trefoil in the head. The more easternly of the northern windows is unglazed, and opens into the corresponding aisle (in which is a small organ,) an arrangement which we cannot approve. Eastward of these windows, and flanking the sanctuary, is on either side a well moulded arch opening into the aisles; which again opens freely transept-wise to the school room adjoining; in this the larger portion of the Sunday congregation assembles, and a curtain covered with fleurs-de-lys is drawn across the outside of the arch, when that extra space is not required. The body of the chapel is stalled to accommodate we conclude the future alms-women; and beneath the stalls, a double row of longitudinal seats extends. The sanctuary rises on two steps exclusive of the footpace; the eastern wall beneath the level of the window is arcaded in stone; the central compartment containing a raised cross; the adjacent ones respectively the A and ; three on each side being blank, and one returned north and south to canopy a sedile. The altar is so formed of an open framework of oak as to contain in every aspect a cross; the super-altar projects as a marble slab from the wall; the altar candlesticks and almsdish are of oak from York Minster. There are no altar rails. Nor, which we regret, is there as yet the

lightest parclose, which, without impeding sight or hearing, might restrain the irreverent conversion of the sanctuary into a thoroughfare between the schools. The prayers are read from a moveable desk westwards; while one of the stalls on the north side would afford equal or superior facilities for transmission of sound; and be ritually a correct position. We trust that these amendments will be made, before their omission becomes seriously objectionable; as on the consecration of the chapel, (at present delayed on account of the Mortmain act,) or celebration of the Eucharist therein, it would. The eagle-lectern, and pulpit, are both of well carved oak; the latter stands south, and a little west of the altar. The east and west windows contain painted glass, of diaper pattern with medallions; but are not yet completed. Those medallions of the east window which are finished (representing in the top of the centre light our LORD in the garden, and in the north light the three Marys) are drawn by the hand of a lady, who proposes to fill the remaining windows of the chapel likewise. We cannot conclude this notice without mentioning that the same benefactor has presented a painted window of her own execution to the neighbouring parish church; that she is the same to whom we are indebted for the promise of an eastern window to Prior Crauden's chapel at Ely; that to the Ely cathedral restorations her brother has also been a munificent contributor; that the same 'brother and sister' are the individuals to whose piety the church owes the sole endowment of a colonial bishopric; and lastly to whose untiring charity, this present foundation of S. Mary Magdalen is due. May these works all breathing the spirit of the righteous,-Quid retribuam Domino?”—meet imitation, acceptance, and the righteous man's reward. S., S. Helena.-This church by Mr. Ferrey is interesting from its having been manufactured, so to say, in England, and sent out to S. Helena to be erected there. This arrangement of course necessitated great simplicity in the design. Still we think that Mr. Ferrey might have thrown far more life and variety into the design than he has done. We are the more sorry that this design should have been so hastily put together, when we consider the isolated locality for which it was destined. We in England can see many churches-so that the inferiority, it may be, of our own parish-church, is not a matter of such moment as it would be to the islanders of S. Helena, to whom this building will be for ever their one type of Christian Architecture and Ritualism. This is a consideration we cannot too strongly press upon the architects who design for the Colonies. The style is First-Pointed, and the plan includes a chancel 25 feet long, and a nave 75. The east window is a triplet. There are two single lancets on each side of the chancel; those of the nave are of two lights, with a very large monial, and an unfoliated circle in the head; of which there are three on the south side, the vestry projecting from the eastern portion of this side, entered from the nave. There are three similar windows on the north side, and to the west of the porch a lancet. Besides the north porch there is a west door in a thickening of the wall, which rises up (being pierced with a west window of two lights, trefoiled with a quatrefoil in the head) into a bell gable for three bells. The